WordNet

the operating part that transmits power to a mechanism; "the piano had a very stiff action" (同)action_mechanism
an act by a government body or supranational organization; "recent federal action undermined the segregationist position"; "the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues"; "the Union action of emancipating Southern slaves"
something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions"
the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field; "the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds"; "gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible"
the trait of being active and energetic and forceful; "a man of action"
the series of events that form a plot; "his novels always have a lot of action"
the state of being active; "his sphere of activity"; "he is out of action" (同)activity, activeness
institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against; "He was warned that the district attorney would process him"; "She actioned the company for discrimination" (同)sue, litigate, process
reckoned, situated or tending in the direction which naturally or arbitrarily is taken to indicate increase or progress or onward motion; "positive increase in graduating students"
a film showing a photographic image whose tones correspond to those of the original subject
the primary form of an adjective or adverb; denotes a quality without qualification, comparison, or relation to increase or diminution (同)positive degree
indicating existence or presence of a suspected condition or pathogen; "a positive pregnancy test" (同)confirming
having a positive charge; "protons are positive" (同)electropositive, positively charged
formally laid down or imposed; "positive laws" (同)prescribed
characterized by or displaying affirmation or acceptance or certainty etc.; "a positive attitude"; "the reviews were all positive"; "a positive benefit"; "a positive demand"
greater than zero; "positive numbers"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉『行動』,活動;精力的な活動 / 〈C〉『行為』,行い;《複数形で》『日常の行動』,ふるまい / 〈U〉〈C〉(人間・馬などの)身ぶり,動作,所作 / 〈U〉(身体諸器官の)働き / 〈U〉(機械などの)『働き』,機能;(薬・化学薬品などの)『作用』 / 〈U〉〈C〉戦闘(battle) / 〈C〉(銃・ピアノなどの)アクション,作動装置 / 〈C〉訴訟 / 〈U〉(劇・物語の)本筋,筋の運び
『肯定した,同意の』 / 『実際的な,』積極的な,建設的な / 《補語にのみ用いて》『確信のある』,自信のある / (事が)疑問の余地がない,明確な;(言葉が)はっきりした / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》《話》全くの,文字どおりの / (生体の反応が)陽性の / (数が)正の,プラスの;(気電が)陽の;(写真で)陽画の / (形容詞・副詞の比較変化で)原級の / 明確(明白)なもの / (形容詞・副詞の)原級 / (写真の)陽画,ポジ / (数学で)正数

UpToDate Contents

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1. Stress testing to determine prognosis of coronary heart disease
2. 肥大型心筋症の臨床症状、診断、および評価 clinical manifestations diagnosis and evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
3. 中長期的な機械循環補助 intermediate and long term mechanical circulatory support
4. Sick sinus syndrome: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and evaluation
5. 先天性心疾患における心房性不整脈（房室ブロックを含む） atrial arrhythmias including av block in congenital heart disease

English Journal

Αlpha-adrenoceptor-mediated positive inotropic and positive chronotropic actions in the mouse atrium.

Zhang S, Takahashi R, Yamashita N, Teraoka H, Kitazawa T.
European journal of pharmacology. 2018 Nov;839()82-88.
Modulation of cardiac contractility by α-adrenoceptor is well known in several mammals. Mice are useful experimental animals, but α-adrenoceptor-mediated responses have been examined only in the ventricles. To determine function of α-adrenoceptors in the atrium, effects of α-adrenoceptor agonist
PMID 30172786

Negative chronotropism, positive inotropism and lusitropism of 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (DTBHA) on rat heart preparations occur through reduction of RyR2 Ca leak.

Pessina F, Gamberucci A, Chen J, Liu B, Vangheluwe P, Gorelli B, Lorenzini S, Spiga O, Trezza A, Sgaragli G, Saponara S.
Biochemical pharmacology. 2018 09;155()434-443.
3,5-Di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (DTBHA) is considered as an activator of the skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca-uptake, endowed with antioxidant and L-type Ca channel blocking activities. In this study we assessed the cardiac effects of DTBHA on Langendorff perfused rat hearts, isolated
PMID 30036502

Do DPP-4 Inhibitors Cause Heart Failure Events by Promoting Adrenergically Mediated Cardiotoxicity? Clues From Laboratory Models and Clinical Trials.

, P P, M M, M M, .
Circulation research. 2018 Mar;122(7)928-932.
DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitors have increased the risk of heart failure events in both randomized clinical trials and observational studies, but the mechanisms that underlie their deleterious effect remain to be elucidated. Previous work has implicated a role of these drugs to promote car
PMID 29436388

Japanese Journal

Cardiac safety profile of sildenafil: chronotropic, inotropic and coronary vasodilator effects in the canine isolated, blood-perfused heart preparations

Lubna Nur Jaharat,Nakamura Yuji,Cao Xin,Wada Takeshi,Izumi-Nakaseko Hiroko,Ando Kentaro,Sugiyama Atsushi
Ｔｈｅ　Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ　ｏｆ　Ｔｏｘｉｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ　Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ 41(6), 739-744, 2016
… These results indicate that supratherapeutic concentration of sildenafil possesses direct positive chronotropic and inotropic effects together with a coronary vasodilator action, confirming that caution has to be paid on the use of sildenafil for patients with ischemic heart diseases, obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and/or ventricular arrhythmias. …
NAID 130005281918

Comparative Effects of Azelnidipine and Amlodipine on Myocardial Function and Mortality After Ischemia/Reperfusion in Dogs

Kano Seiichiro,Ichihara Kazuo,Komatsu Ken-ichi [他],SATOH Kumi
Journal of pharmacological sciences 116(2), 181-187, 2011-06-20
… A positive inotropic effect was observed after treatment with both calcium antagonists. … The negative chronotropic action may have contributed to decreased mortality due to reperfusion arrhythmias. …
NAID 10029894668

洞房結節細胞におけるβ1アドレナリン受容体刺激による陽性変時作用のシミュレーション研究

姫野友紀子,皿井伸明,岡千晶,松岡達,野間昭典
日本生理学会大会発表要旨集 2008(0), 179-179, 2008
… Positive chronotropy induced by β1-adrenergic stimulation is achieved by multiple interactions of ion channels and transporters in pacemaker cells. … was important to counterbalance increased inward currents especially in repolarizing phase of action potentials. … release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) played a minor role in inducing chronotropic effect in our model. …
NAID 130005449816

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