WordNet

of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
one of greater rank or station or quality (同)higher-up, superordinate
the head of a religious community
(often followed by `to'
(sometimes followed by `to'
having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earths orbit; "Mars and Jupiter are the closest in of the superior planets"
of high or superior quality or performance; "superior wisdom derived from experience"; "superior math students"
a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth
relating to or associated with the cerebellum; "cerebellar artery"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(程度・質が)『普通(平均)以上に優れた』,優秀な / (地位・階級などが)『上位の』,上級の,目上の / (数量的に)勝る,優勢な / (用動が)偉ぶった,高慢な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…に)屈しない,動じない《+to+名》 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(動・植物の器官や部分が)上位の,上についている / (地位・階級などが)『上位の人』,上役,上司,先輩 / 『いっそう優れた人』 / 《しばしば S-》修道院長
スペリオル湖(lake~;北米五大湖中で最北最大のもの)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/17 23:09:46」(JST)

wiki en

In the human brain, the superior cerebellar peduncle (brachium conjunctivum) is a paired structure of white matter that connects the cerebellum to the midbrain. It consists mainly of efferent fibers, the cerebellothalamic tract that runs from a cerebellar hemisphere to the contralateral thalamus, and the cerebellorubral tract that runs from a cerebellar hemisphere to the red nucleus. It also contains afferent tracts, most prominent of which is the ventral spinocerebellar tract. Other afferent tracts are the trigeminothalamic fibers, tectocerebellar fibers, and noradrenergic fibers from the locus coeruleus. The superior peduncle emerges from the upper and medial parts of the white matter of each hemisphere^{[citation needed]} and is placed under cover of the upper part of the cerebellum.

Structure

Superior cerebellar peduncles are connected together by the anterior medullary velum, which can be followed upward as far as the inferior colliculi, under which they disappear.

Below, they form the upper lateral boundaries of the fourth ventricle, but as they ascend they converge on the dorsal aspect of the ventricle and thus assist in forming its roof.

Decussation

Deep dissection of brain-stem showing decussation

The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle is the crossing of fibers of the superior cerebellar peduncle across the midline, and is located at the level of the inferior colliculi. It comprises the cerebellothalamic tract, which arises from the dentate nucleus (therefore also known as dentatothalamic tract), as well as the cerebellorubral tract, which arises from the globose and emboliform nuclei and project to the contralateral red nucleus to eventually become the rubrospinal tract. It is also known as horseshoe-shaped commissure of Wernekinck.^[1] It is important as an anatomical landmark, as lesions above it cause contralateral cerebellar signs, while lesions below it cause ipsilateral cerebellar signs.

Additional images

Scheme showing the connections of the several parts of the brain.
Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
Coronal section of the pons, at its upper part.
Sagittal section through right cerebellar hemisphere. The right olive has also been cut sagittally.
Dissection showing the course of the cerebrospinal fibers.
Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ.

External links

Atlas image: n2a7p6 at the University of Michigan Health System
Atlas image: n2a7p4 at the University of Michigan Health System
http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/atlas/micn/
http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/Bs97/TEXT/P18/sum.htm
NIF Search - Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle via the Neuroscience Information Framework

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Voogd J, van Baarsen K (February 2014). "The horseshoe-shaped commissure of Wernekinck or the decussation of the brachium conjunctivum methodological changes in the 1840s". N. Cerebellum. 13 (1): 113–20. doi:10.1007/s12311-013-0520-9. PMID 24078481.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 悪性腫瘍関連上大静脈症候群 malignancy related superior vena cava syndrome
2. 甲状腺の外科解剖学 surgical anatomy of the thyroid gland
3. 内臓動脈瘤および偽動脈瘤の概要 overview of visceral artery aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm
4. 初回および再手術の甲状腺摘除術 initial and reoperative thyroidectomy
5. 上腸間膜動脈症候群 superior mesenteric artery syndrome

English Journal

Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome: a riboflavin-unresponsive patient with a novel mutation in the C20orf54 gene.

Koy A1, Pillekamp F, Hoehn T, Waterham H, Klee D, Mayatepek E, Assmann B.
Pediatric neurology.Pediatr Neurol.2012 Jun;46(6):407-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.03.008.
Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man number 211530) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by pontobulbar palsy affecting cranial nerves (mainly VII-XII). Sensorineural deafness is often the leading sign, followed by other neurologic signs. Inheritance is oft
PMID 22633641

An autopsy case of Fabry disease with neuropathological investigation of the pathogenesis of associated dementia.

Okeda R1, Nisihara M.
Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology.Neuropathology.2008 Oct;28(5):532-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00883.x. Epub 2008 Apr 11.
The pathogenesis of dementia associated with Fabry disease was examined neuropathologically in an autopsy case. The patient was a 47-year-old computer programmer who developed renal failure at the age of 36, necessitating peritoneal dialysis, and thereafter suffered in succession episodic pulmonary
PMID 18410273

Noradrenergic regulation of type-I and type-II corticosteroid receptors in amygdala and hypothalamus.

Maccari S1, Piazza PV, Rouge-Pont F, Angelucci L, Simon H, le Moal M.
Brain research.Brain Res.1992 Aug 7;587(2):313-8.
The effects of glucocorticoids on various brain functions including the negative feedback control of HPA axis are mediated by two types of receptor (type I or mineralocorticoid and type II or glucocorticoid) in the central nervous system. Furthermore, noradrenergic systems have been showed to stimul
PMID 1525664

Japanese Journal

ヒトにおける免疫学的β-エンドルフィンの脳内分布

神戸大学医学部紀要 43(2), 911-918, 1982-05
NAID 110006227169

橋の刺激による胃運動の変化について

日本平滑筋学会雑誌 1(2), 177-188, 1965
NAID 130002037640

「上小脳脚」

Superior cerebellar peduncle
	Sagittal section of the cerebellum, near the junction of the vermis with the hemisphere. (Superior peduncle labeled at upper right.)
	Dissection showing the projection fibers of the cerebellum. (Superior peduncle labeled at center top.)
Details
Identifiers
Latin	pedunculus cerebellaris superior
NeuroNames	ancil-1289712953
NeuroLex ID	Superior cerebellar peduncles
TA	A14.1.05.006; A14.1.07.417; A14.1.08.678
FMA	72495
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]