WordNet
- provide with an index; "index the book"
- a numerical scale used to compare variables with one another or with some reference number
- the finger next to the thumb (同)index_finger, forefinger
- a number or ratio (a value on a scale of measurement) derived from a series of observed facts; can reveal relative changes as a function of time (同)index_number, indicant, indicator
- an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed
- adjust through indexation; "The government indexes wages and prices"
- list in an index
- of or relating to or undergoing mitosis
- the act of classifying and providing an index in order to make items easier to retrieve
PrepTutorEJDIC
- Michigan / Military Intelligence 陸軍情報部
- (本・雑誌などの)『索引』;図書目録 / 指し示すもの,印 / (計器などの)指針 / 指数・虜 / 《the I-》(カトック教会の)禁所目録 / 〈本など〉‘に'索引をつける / 〈語など〉‘を'索引に載せる
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/10/02 22:21:42」(JST)
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This article needs attention from an expert in Molecular and Cellular Biology. Please add a reason or a talk parameter to this template to explain the issue with the article. WikiProject Molecular and Cellular Biology (or its Portal) may be able to help recruit an expert. (November 2008) |
Mitotic index is a measure for the proliferation status of a cell population. It is defined as the ratio between the number of cells in mitosis and the total number of cells.
Contents
- 1 Purpose
- 2 Calculation
- 3 References
- 4 External links
Purpose[edit]
The mitotic index is an important prognostic factor predicting both overall survival and response to chemotherapy in most types of cancer. It may lose much of its predictive value for elderly populations, for example a low mitotic index loses any prognostic value for women over 70 years old with breast cancer.[1]
Calculation[edit]
Mitotic index can be calculated using the following operation : cells observed with visible chromosomes ÷ total number of cells visible.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ Baak, J. P. A.; Gudlaugsson, E.; Skaland, I.; Guo, L. H. R.; Klos, J.; Lende, T. H.; Søiland, H. V.; Janssen, E. A. M.; Zur Hausen, A. (2008). "Proliferation is the strongest prognosticator in node-negative breast cancer: Significance, error sources, alternatives and comparison with molecular prognostic markers". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 115 (2): 241–254. doi:10.1007/s10549-008-0126-y. PMID 18665447. edit
- ^ Edexcel practical materials created by Salters-Nuffield Advanced Biology, copyright University of York Science Education Group
External links[edit]
- "Measuring proliferation in breast cancer". breast-cancer-research.com.
- "Prognostic value of proliferation in invasive breast cancer". ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Mutagenic potential of fine wastes from dimension stone industry.
- Aguiar LL1, Tonon CB1, Nunes ET1, Braga AC1, Neves MA2, de Oliveira David JA3.
- Ecotoxicology and environmental safety.Ecotoxicol Environ Saf.2016 Mar;125:116-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.11.035. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
- The industrial treatment of dimension stones, such as marbles and granites, includes a stage of plate polishing, in which resins and abrasives are used, producing a fine grained waste with high moisture content. These wastes pass through decantation tanks in order to separate the solid and liquid ph
- PMID 26685783
- Minichromosome maintenance protein 7 as prognostic marker of tumor aggressiveness in pituitary adenoma patients.
- Coli A1, Asa SL2, Fadda G2, Scannone D2, Chiloiro S2, De Marinis L2, Lauretti L2, Ranelletti FO2, Lauriola L2.
- European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies.Eur J Endocrinol.2016 Mar;174(3):307-314. Epub 2015 Nov 30.
- BACKGROUND: Ki-67 labeling index (LI) is currently regarded as a useful prognostic marker of pituitary adenoma (PA) clinical behavior, although its relevance as a reliable clinical indicator is far from being universally accepted, since both validations and criticisms are found in the literature. Mi
- PMID 26620390
- An overview of triple-negative breast cancer.
- Kumar P1, Aggarwal R2.
- Archives of gynecology and obstetrics.Arch Gynecol Obstet.2016 Feb;293(2):247-69. doi: 10.1007/s00404-015-3859-y. Epub 2015 Sep 4.
- PURPOSE: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of tumors comprising various breast cancers simply defined by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene. In this review, we discuss the epidemiolog
- PMID 26341644
Japanese Journal
- Clastogenic and mito-inhibitory effect of heavy metals in root meristems of Vicia faba
- ,
- Chromosome Botany 10(1), 23-29, 2015
- … The experimental study assesses the percentage of total active mitotic index and chromosomal abnormalities in the root meristems of Vicia faba L. … It was observed that a lower mitotic index and a higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations were established at all the doses of heavy metals as compared to control ones. … An inverse relationship between the active mitotic index and doses of heavy metals was scored. …
- NAID 130005075162
- 坂本 和裕,安藤 耕平,野間 大督,須藤 成人,後藤 秀人,山川 泰,椿原 基史
- 気管支学 : 日本気管支研究会雑誌 36(5), 466-470, 2014-09-25
- 背景.髄膜腫は一般的に良性の頭蓋内腫瘍とされ,中高齢者に好発し若年発生は稀である.さらに遠隔転移は非常に稀である.症例. 15歳女性. 10歳時に8cm大の左頭頂葉髄膜腫を切除. 14歳時に局所再発により再切除.ともに病理学的に低異型度髄膜腫と診断された.今回,学校検診で胸部異常影を指摘され当科紹介受診.胸部CTにて右肺中下葉に境界明瞭な結節性病変を3個認めた.髄膜腫の肺転移疑いで胸腔鏡下手術を施 …
- NAID 110009863316
- Radiation-Associated Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report with Molecular Analyses
- Mussazhanova Zhanna,Miura Shiro,Stanojevic Boban,Rougounovitch Tatiana,Saenko Vladimir,Shiraishi Toshio,Kurashige Tomomi,Shichijo Kazuko,Kaneko Kenichi,Takahashi Haruo,Ito Masahiro,Nakashima Masahiro
- Thyroid 24(3), 593-598, 2014-03-01
- … Mitotic figures were numerous exceeding 10 mitoses per 10 high-power fields. … Ki-67 labeling index was more than 70% in the tumor cells. …
- NAID 120005438924
Related Links
- WikiProject Molecular and Cellular Biology or the Molecular and Cellular Biology Portal may be able to help recruit an expert. (November 2008). Mitotic index is a measure for the proliferation status of a cell population. It is defined as the ratio ...
- Mitotic Index Assay Kit. (Fluorescent). (version B). Catalog No. 18020. Active Motif North America. 1914 Palomar Oaks Way, Suite 150. Carlsbad, California 92008, USA. Toll free: 877 222 9543. Telephone: 760 431 1263. Fax: 760 431 1351 ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm PNEN
- 英
- 神経内分泌腫瘍
概念
疫学
- PNENの疫学調査が行われ、2005年と比較して2010年の年間受療者数の増加を認めており、また非機能性PNENの割合が増加してきている。これは、EUS-FNAの普及による組織診断の向上によるものと考えられている。2020年の疫学調査ではPNECはPNEN全体の7.5%程度を占めており、遠隔転移例はPNET G1/G2で12.9%であったのに対し、PNECでは46.3%と高値であった(日本内科学会雑誌 2017年 Vol.106No.3)。
診断、検査
- 超音波内視鏡下穿刺吸引法(EUS-FNA endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine neekle aspiration)
- クロモグラニンA(CgA):診断、治療効果判定マーカー。NET G1/G2で高値、NECで低値との報告がある。機能性腫瘍は非機能性腫瘍と比べて高値となる。また、腫瘍サイズや遠隔転移例で高値となる。
- 病理組織:
- グロモグラニンによる免疫染色:CgAの陽性率はNET G1/G2で高く、NECで低下する。
分類
|
|
Ki-67 index
|
mitotic index
|
高分化 Well differentiated
|
NET G1
|
< 3 %
|
< 2 /10 HPF
|
NET G2
|
3-20 %
|
2-20 /10 HPF
|
NET G3
|
>20 %
|
>20 /10HPF
|
低分化 Poorly differentiated
|
NEC G3
|
Small cell NEC
|
Large cell NEC
|
Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN)
|
検査
CT
- uptodate
- 被曝はあるが非侵襲的ですぐに施行できる検査であり、特に造影CTは施行する価値が高い。
- 多くの神経内分泌腫瘍は血管が多いため、CTでは肝臓とほぼ同じ濃度で描出される。造影により動脈相で増強し、門脈層で造影剤が流出した後の像を認める。
- 感度は80%程度で4mmの腫瘤も描出することが可能であるが、直径2cm未満の腫瘤は感度は低下する。
- 症候性の非機能性腫瘍、VIPoma、グルカゴノーマは診断時は3cm以上と大きく、造影CTの感度はほぼ100%である。
治療
- 分子標的薬が出現する前は、肝転移が予後因子として重要であったが、分子標的が使えるようになってからは肝転移を制御することが生命予後に関連していることが明らかとなった。
参考
- 膵・消化管神経内分泌腫瘍(NEN)診療ガイドライン2019年
- http://jnets.umin.jp/pdf/guideline002_2s.pdf
[★]
- 英
- mitotic index
- 関
- 分裂
- 分裂中の細胞数/全細胞数
- 分裂所要時間/成熟時間とも換言できる。3H-thymidineを用いたオートラジオグラフィーにより、骨髄での赤血球の成熟期間を測定することができ、数日間とされている。
[★]
[★]
- 索引、見出し。目録
- (正式)(~を示す)しるし、あらわれ。指標(sign)(of,to)
- (まれ)目盛り、(計器などの)指針、針(pointer)
- =finger
- (pl.)指数(事象の性質・程度の指標として特定の方式で表した数値)。(数学)指数(exponent)
- (コンピュータ)インデックス
- (物理)(屈曲などの)率
- 関
- indication、indicator、indices
[★]
- 関
- mitoses、mitosis