WordNet

with pain or distress or bitterness; "he took the rejection very hard"
(of light) transmitted directly from a pointed light source (同)concentrated
with firmness; "held hard to the railing" (同)firmly
very strong or vigorous; "strong winds"; "a hard left to the chin"; "a knockout punch"; "a severe blow" (同)knockout, severe
causing great damage or hardship; "industries hit hard by the depression"; "she was severely affected by the banks failure" (同)severely
being distilled rather than fermented; having a high alcoholic content; "hard liquor" (同)strong
unfortunate or hard to bear; "had hard luck"; "a tough break" (同)tough
(of speech sounds); produced with the back of the tongue raised toward or touching the velum; "Russian distinguished between hard consonants and palatalized or soft consonants"
dispassionate; "took a hard look"; "a hard bargainer";
dried out; "hard dry rolls left over from the day before"
earnestly or intently; "thought hard about it"; "stared hard at the accused"
into a solid condition; "concrete that sets hard within a few hours"
resisting weight or pressure
slowly and with difficulty; "prejudices die hard"
to the full extent possible; all the way; "hard alee"; "the ship went hard astern"; "swung the wheel hard left"
very near or close in space or time; "it stands hard by the railroad tracks"; "they were hard on his heels"; "a strike followed hard upon the plants opening"
with effort or force or vigor; "the team played hard"; "worked hard all day"; "pressed hard on the lever"; "hit the ball hard"; "slammed the door hard"
a small hard painless nodule at the site of entry of a pathogen (as syphilis)

PrepTutorEJDIC

(物体が)『堅い』,(手触りが)堅固な,しっかりした / 『難しい』,努力を要する / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(人が)『精力的な』,勤勉な / 激しい,猛烈な / (生活などが)耐え難い,つらい / (季節・天候などが)厳しい;(雨・風などが)激しい / (人が)厳格な;(行為などが)容赦しない,無情な / (方針・条件などが)妥協(譲歩)しない,厳しい / (感情が)うらみを含む,憤然とした / (体が)筋肉質の,がんじょうな / (紙幣に対して)硬貨の,(小切手などに対して)現金の;(貨幣が)容易に兌換(だかん)できる / (子音が)硬音の(c,gがcome, goのように[k],[g]と発音される) / アルコール分の多い / (水が)硬質の / (エックス線が)透過能力が大きい / 一生懸命に,『熱心に』 / 『強く』,激しく,大いに / やっと,かろうじて / 『堅く』 / ひどく悲んで / 接近して
おや,はああ,ああ(驚き・喜び・疑い・ためらいなどを表す声)
hectare; hectares

UpToDate Contents

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1. アフリカ・トリパノソーマ症の疫学、病因、および予防 epidemiology pathogenesis and prevention of african trypanosomiasis
2. 早期梅毒の病因、臨床症状、および治療 pathogenesis clinical manifestations and treatment of early syphilis
3. 梅毒の病態生理、伝播、および自然史 pathophysiology transmission and natural history of syphilis
4. 梅毒の診断的検査 diagnostic testing for syphilis
5. HIV感染患者における梅毒の疫学、臨床症状、および診断 epidemiology clinical presentation and diagnosis of syphilis in the hiv infected patient

English Journal

Multiple primary syphilis on the lip, nipple-areola and penis: An immunohistochemical examination of Treponema pallidum localization using an anti-T. pallidum antibody.

Fukuda H1, Takahashi M, Kato K, Oharaseki T, Mukai H.
The Journal of dermatology.J Dermatol.2015 May;42(5):515-7. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.12818. Epub 2015 Feb 24.
Primary syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum usually develops after sexual contact as an initial solitary sclerosis or hard chancre in the genital region. We describe a case of primary syphilis at three sites in genital and extragenital regions of a man who had sex with men. A 29-year-old man visit
PMID 25708895

Secondary syphilis with persisting hard chancre on the forearm.

Andrade P, Juliao MJ, Reis JP, Figueiredo A.
Acta dermato-venereologica.Acta Derm Venereol.2013 Mar 27;93(2):236-7. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1355.
PMID 22565505

[Post syphilitic oro-nasal communication].

Benazzou S1, Boulaadas M, El Kohen A, Essakelli L, Kzadri M.
Revue de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale.Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac.2006 Nov;107(5):373-4.
INTRODUCTION: Oro-nasal communication occurs due to a lack of bone and mucous membranes between the oral cavity and the nasal fossae, rarely subsequent to tertiary syphilis.CASE REPORT: A 27 year-old woman with a history of an untreated genital chancre which developed 7 years earlier, presented hard
PMID 17128190

Japanese Journal

症例血管壁への著明なトレポネーマ浸潤を認めた硬性下疳の1例

岡本奈都子,服部ゆかり,寺島剛 [他]
皮膚科の臨床 54(4), 610-612, 2012-04
NAID 40019280087

膣トリコモナス症を併発した陰部外硬性下疳の1例

多田浩一,東裕子,金蔵拓郎
西日本皮膚科 = The Nishinihon journal of dermatology 72(1), 40-42, 2010-02-01
NAID 10026321997

口角部硬性下疳を伴った梅毒性頸部リンパ節炎の2例

上野泰宏,神部芳則,宮城徳人 [他],草間幹夫
日本口腔外科学会雑誌 53(8), 486-489, 2007-08-20
… We present two cases of syphilitic cervical lymphadenitis with a hard chancre at the angle of the mouth.Case 1: The patient was a 46-year-old man. … The swollen cervical lymph nodes were immobileand elastic hard on palpation, with tenderness. …
NAID 10019529420