グリセリド
- 関
- acylglycerol
WordNet
- an ester of glycerol and fatty acids that occurs naturally as fats and fatty oils; "fresh fats contain glycerides of fatty acids and very little free acid" (同)acylglycerol
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/07/25 13:26:36」(JST)
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This article is about a type of chemical substances within the group of lipids. For the worm family, see Glyceridae.
Triacetin, the simplest possible fat after Triformin
Glycerides, more correctly known as acylglycerols, are esters formed from glycerol and fatty acids.
Glycerol has three hydroxyl functional groups, which can be esterified with one, two, or three fatty acids to form monoglycerides, diglycerides, and triglycerides.
Vegetable oils and animal fats contain mostly triglycerides, but are broken down by natural enzymes (lipases) into mono and diglycerides and free fatty acids and glycerol.
Soaps are formed from the reaction of glycerides with sodium hydroxide. The product of the reaction is glycerol and salts of fatty acids. Fatty acids in the soap emulsify the oils in dirt, enabling the removal of oily dirt with water.
Partial glycerides are esters of glycerol with fatty acids, where not all the
hydroxyl groups are esterified. Since some of their hydroxyl groups are free their molecules are polar. Partial glycerides may be monoglycerides (two hydroxyl groups free) or diglycerides (one hydroxyl group free).
Short chain partial glycerides are more strongly polar than long chain partial glycerides, and have excellent solvent properties for many hard-to-solubilize drugs, making them valuable as excipients in improving the formulation of certain pharmaceuticals.
The most common forms of acylglycerol are triglycerides, having high caloric value and usually yielding twice as much energy per gram as carbohydrate.
[1]
Acylglyceride linkage
An acylglyceride linkage is the covalent bond between the organic acid groups (such as fatty acid) and one of the three hydroxyl groups of glycerol.[2]
References
- ^ Sasol Olefins & Surfactants - Excipients for Pharmaceuticals. Partial glycerides (page 10) Archived 2009-02-05 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Moore, Randy, et al. (1998) Botany. 2nd Ed. New York: WCB/McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-0-697-28623-9.
Types of lipids |
|---|
| General |
- Saturation: Saturated fat
- Unsaturated fat
- Monounsaturated fat
- Polyunsaturated fat
- Essential fatty acid
- Other: Fat
- Oil
|
|---|
| Geometry |
- Trans fat
- Omega-3 fatty acid
- Omega-6 fatty acid
- Omega-9 fatty acid
|
|---|
| Eicosanoids |
- Arachidonic acid
- Prostaglandins
- Prostacyclin
- Thromboxane
- Leukotrienes
|
|---|
| Fatty acids |
- Caprylic acid
- Capric acid
- Lauric acid
- Myristic acid
- Palmitic acid
- Stearic acid
- Arachidic acid
- Behenic acid
- Lignoceric acid
|
|---|
| Glycerides |
- Monoglyceride
- Diglyceride
- Triglyceride
- Triheptanoin
- Trimyristin
- Tripalmitin
- Tristearin
- Trilinolein
- Triolein
|
|---|
| Phospholipids |
- Phosphatidylserine
- Phosphatidylinositol
- Phosphatidyl ethanolamine
- Cardiolipin
- Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
|
|---|
| Sphingolipids | |
|---|
| Steroids |
- Cholesterol
- Corticosteroids
- Sex steroids
- Secosteroids
|
|---|
English Journal
- Operational stabilities of different chemical derivatives of Novozym 435 in an alcoholysis reaction.
- Villalba M1, Verdasco-Martín CM1, Dos Santos JC1, Fernandez-Lafuente R1, Otero C2.
- Enzyme and microbial technology.Enzyme Microb Technol.2016 Aug;90:35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.04.007. Epub 2016 Apr 23.
- Industrial use of Novozym 435 in synthesis of structured lipids and biodiesel via alcoholysis is limited by mass transfer effects of the glycerides through immobilized enzymes and its low operational stability under operation conditions. To better understand this, differently modified Novozym 435 pr
- PMID 27241290
- Lipase cocktail for efficient conversion of oils containing phospholipids to biodiesel.
- Amoah J1, Ho SH2, Hama S3, Yoshida A3, Nakanishi A2, Hasunuma T2, Ogino C1, Kondo A4.
- Bioresource technology.Bioresour Technol.2016 Jul;211:224-30. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.062. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
- The presence of phospholipid has been a challenge in liquid enzymatic biodiesel production. Among six lipases that were screened, lipase AY had the highest hydrolysis activity and a competitive transesterification activity. However, it yielded only 21.1% FAME from oil containing phospholipids. By re
- PMID 27019125
- High-performance liquid chromatography - Ultraviolet method for the determination of total specific migration of nine ultraviolet absorbers in food simulants based on 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylguanidine and organic phase anion exchange solid phase extraction to remove glyceride.
- Wang J1, Xiao X2, Chen T1, Liu T1, Tao H1, He J1.
- Journal of chromatography. A.J Chromatogr A.2016 Jun 17;1451:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.010. Epub 2016 May 5.
- The glyceride in oil food simulant usually causes serious interferences to target analytes and leads to failure of the normal function of the RP-HPLC column. In this work, a convenient HPLC-UV method for the determination of the total specific migration of nine ultraviolet (UV) absorbers in food sim
- PMID 27189432
Japanese Journal
- ラーメン残渣汁由来BDFの製造方法の検討とエンジン性能
- Improved systemic delivery of insulin by condensed drug loading in a dimpled suppository
Related Links
- Glyceride definition, any of a group of esters obtained from glycerol by the replacement of one, two, or three hydroxyl groups with a fatty acid: the principal constituent of adipose tissue. See more. Thesaurus Translate Reference ...
- glycerideとは。意味や和訳。[名]《化学》グリセリド：グリセリンの脂肪酸エステル. - goo英和辞書は14万項目以上を収録し、発音、音声、慣用句、例文が分かる英和辞書です。
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- glyceride
- 同
- アシルグリセロール acylglycerol、中性脂肪 neutral fat、油脂 fat and oil
- 関
- トリグリセリド、脂肪酸、グリセロール
[★]
- 英
- neutral fat
- 同
- アシルグリセロール acylglycerol、グリセリド glyceride
- 関
- 脂質、脂肪反応
[★]
中鎖トリアシルグリセロール MCT
[★]
トリアシルグリセロール TG
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トリアシルグリセロール