経腸栄養法
WordNet
- come on stage
- to come or go into; "the boat entered an area of shallow marshes" (同)come_in, get_into, get_in, go_into, go in, move into
- become a participant; be involved in; "enter a race"; "enter an agreement"; "enter a drug treatment program"; "enter negotiations" (同)participate
- (physiology) the organic process of nourishing or being nourished; the processes by which an organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and maintenance
- the scientific study of food and drink (especially in humans)
PrepTutorEJDIC
- …‘に'『入る』,入り込む / 〈弾丸などが〉…‘を'突き通す,‘に'入り込む(penetrate) / …‘の'『一員となる』,‘に'入る;…‘に'参加する / (…に)〈人〉‘を'入学させる;(競争などに)〈人・動物など〉‘を'参加させる《+『名』+『in』(『for』)+『名』》 / (…に)…‘を'記入する,登録する《+『名』+『in』(『into, on』)+『名』》 / 〈新しい生活・局面など〉‘に'入る / 〈異議など〉‘を'正式に申し出る / 『入る』 / 登場する
- (生物の)栄養摂取 / 栄養分,食物
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/11/18 00:11:00」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
In general medicine, enteral nutrition or drug administration (Greek enteros , "intestine") is feeding or drug administration by the digestion process of a gastrointestinal (GI) tract, such as the human gastrointestinal tract. This contrasts with parenteral nutrition or drug administration (Greek para, "besides" + enteros), which occurs from routes outside the GI tract, such as intravenous routes.Generally, drugs are given by two general methods: enteral and parenteral administration. Enteral administration involves the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines (i.e., the gastrointestinal tract). Methods of administration include oral, sublingual (dissolving the drug under the tongue), and rectal. Parenteral routes do not involve the gastrointestinal tract.[1] In pharmacology, the route of drug administration is important because it affects drug metabolism, drug clearance, and thus dosage.
Contents
- 1 Forms of enteral administration
- 2 Drug absorption from the intestine
- 3 First pass metabolism
- 4 See also
- 5 References
Forms of enteral administration
Enteral administration may be divided into three different categories, depending on the entrance point into the GI tract: oral (by mouth), gastric (through the stomach), and rectal (from the rectum). (Gastric introduction involves the use of a tube through the nasal passage (NG tube) or a tube in the belly leading directly to the stomach (PEG tube). Rectal administration usually involves rectal suppositories.)
Oral administration |
Rectal administration |
Solids |
Liquids |
- |
Pill |
Solution |
Ointment |
Tablet |
Softgel |
Suppository |
Time release technology |
Suspension |
Enema |
Osmotic controlled release capsule |
Emulsion |
Murphy drip |
|
Syrup |
Nutrient enema |
|
Elixir |
|
|
Tincture |
|
|
hydrogel |
|
Drug absorption from the intestine
The mechanism for drug absorption from the intestine is for most drugs passive transfer, a few exceptions include levodopa and fluorouracil, which are both absorbed through carrier-mediated transport. For passive transfer to occur, the drug has to diffuse through the lipid cell membrane of the epithelial cells lining the inside of the intestines. The rate at which this happens is largely determined by two factors: Ionization and lipid solubility.[2]
Factors influencing gastrointestinal absorption:
- Gastrointestinal motility.
- Splanchnic blood flow.
- Particle size and formulation.
- Physicochemical factors.
First pass metabolism
Drugs given by enteral administration may be subjected to significant first pass metabolism, and therefore, the amount of drug entering the systemic circulation following administration may vary significantly for different individuals and drugs. Rectal administration is not subject to extensive first pass metabolism.
See also
- Enteric (disambiguation)
- Enteral Nutrition
References
- ^ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/188838/enteral-administration
- ^ Rang, H. P. (2007). Rang and Dale's Pharmacology. Elsevier. p. 104. ISBN 0-443-06911-5.
Routes of administration / Dosage forms
|
|
Oral |
Digestive tract (enteral)
|
Solids
|
- Pill
- Tablet
- Capsule
- Pastille
- Time release technology
- Osmotic delivery system (OROS)
|
|
Liquids
|
- Decoction
- Elixir
- Electuary
- Emulsion
- Extended-release syrup
- Effervescent powder or tablet
- Herbal tea
- Hydrogel
- Molecular encapsulation
- Powder
- Softgel
- Solution
- Suspension
- Syrup
- Syrup Concentrate for dilution and/or addition of carbonated water
- Tincture
|
|
|
Buccal (Sublabial) Sublingual
|
Solids
|
- Orally disintegrating tablet (ODT)
- Film
- Lollipop
- Sublingual drops
- Lozenges
- Effervescent buccal tablet
- Chewing gum
|
|
Liquids
|
- Mouthwash
- Toothpaste
- Ointment
- Oral spray
|
|
|
Respiratory
tract
|
Solids
|
- Smoking device
- Dry powder inhaler (DPI)
|
|
Liquids
|
- Anaesthetic vaporizer
- Vaporizer
- Nebulizer
- metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
|
|
Gas
|
- Oxygen mask and Nasal cannula
- Oxygen concentrator
- Anaesthetic machine
- Relative analgesia machine
|
|
|
|
|
Ophthalmic /
Otologic / Nasal |
- Nasal spray
- Ear drops
- Eye drops
- Ointment
- Hydrogel
- Nanosphere suspension
- Insufflation
- Mucoadhesive microdisc (microsphere tablet)
|
|
Urogenital |
- Ointment
- Pessary (vaginal suppository)
- Vaginal ring
- Vaginal douche
- Intrauterine device (IUD)
- Extra-amniotic infusion
- Intravesical infusion
|
|
Rectal (enteral) |
- Ointment
- Suppository
- Enema
- Murphy drip
- Nutrient enema
|
|
Dermal |
- Ointment
- Topical cream
- Topical gel
- Liniment
- Paste
- Film
- DMSO drug solution
- Electrophoretic dermal delivery system
- Hydrogel
- Liposomes
- Transfersome vesicles
- Cream
- Lotion
- Lip balm
- Medicated shampoo
- Dermal patch
- Transdermal patch
- Contact (rubbed into break in the skin)
- Transdermal spray
- Jet injector
|
|
Injection /
Infusion
(into tissue/
blood)
|
Skin
|
- Intradermal
- Subcutaneous
- Transdermal implant
|
|
Organs
|
- Intracavernous
- Intravitreal
- Intra-articular injection
- Transscleral
|
|
Central nervous system
|
- Intracerebral
- Intrathecal
- Epidural
|
|
Circulatory / Musculoskeletal
|
- Intravenous
- Intracardiac
- Intramuscular
- Intraosseous
- Intraperitoneal
- Nanocell injection
- Patient-Controlled Analgesia pump
- PIC line
|
|
|
Category Commons WikiProject
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|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Nutritional treatment for acute and chronic traumatic brain injury patients.
- Curtis L1, Epstein P.
- Journal of neurosurgical sciences.J Neurosurg Sci.2014 Sep;58(3):151-60. Epub 2014 May 20.
- Proper nutrition is critical for recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prompt enteral feeding of moderate to severe TBI patients has been associated with significantly lower mortality and rates of infection. Probiotic supplementation has been associated with significantly lower rates of infect
- PMID 24844176
- Randomized clinical trial: nasoenteric tube or jejunostomy as a route for nutrition after major upper gastrointestinal operations.
- Torres Júnior LG1, de Vasconcellos Santos FA, Correia MI.
- World journal of surgery.World J Surg.2014 Sep;38(9):2241-6. doi: 10.1007/s00268-014-2589-9.
- BACKGROUND: Curative treatment of upper gastrointestinal tract neoplasms is complex and associated with high morbidity and mortality. In general, the patients are already malnourished, and early postoperative enteral nutrition is recommended. However, there is no consensus concerning the best entera
- PMID 24806623
- Artificial Nutritional Support in Cancer Patients after Esophagectomy: 11 Years of Experience.
- Llop-Talaveron JM1, Farran-Teixidor L, Badia-Tahull MB, Virgili-Casas M, Leiva-Badosa E, Galán-Guzmán MC, Miró-Martin M, Aranda-Danso H.
- Nutrition and cancer.Nutr Cancer.2014 Aug 7:1-9. [Epub ahead of print]
- Esophageal cancer represents a high-risk group of patients. This study determines the association of artificial nutrition with morbidity, mortality, and survival and studies clinical situations that determine the choice between enteral (EN) and parenteral support (PN). This retrospective single-cent
- PMID 25102052
Japanese Journal
- 日本PTEG研究会の設立と軌跡-亀岡信悟会長に心からの感謝を込めて-,
- 大石 英人
- 東京女子医科大学雑誌 85(E1), E71-E75, 2015-03-31
- 経皮経食道胃管挿入術Percutaneous Trans-Esophageal Gastro-tubing (PTEG/ピーテグ)は、経皮内視鏡的胃瘻造設術Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG/ペグ)の実施が不能もしくは困難な症例に対し平成6年に考案開発され、主に経管経腸栄養法や腸管減圧法に用いられている。平成14年には日本PTEG研究会Japan As …
- NAID 110009888986
- 脳梗塞患者の褥瘡予防における多価不飽和脂肪酸栄養投与の検討
- 黒川 佳子,小川 薫,桑村 淳子 [他]
- 順天堂保健看護研究 = Juntendo journal of health sciences and nursing 3, 15-20, 2015-03
- NAID 40020415208
- 静脈栄養単独から経腸栄養併用への切替により生じた血清リチウム濃度上昇の症例
Related Links
- ASPEN American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Leading the science and practice of clinical nutrition. ... Health Leaders Convene Intravenous Fat Emulsion Workshop in Quest for More and Safer Products October 28 ...
- What is Enteral Nutrition? All people need food to live. Sometimes a person cannot eat any or en ... Tube feeding can be given through different types of tubes. One type of tube can be placed through the nose into the stomach or ...
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★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- gavage、tube feeding、tubal feeding
- 同
- ?経管栄養法(方法)
- 関
- 胃管栄養法、経腸栄養、経腸栄養法、胃管栄養、enteral nutrition。栄養法
概念
- 狭義には経口摂取が不可能あるいは不十分な患者に対し、体外から消化管内に通したチューブを用いて流動食を投与する処置(経腸栄養)を指すが、広義には静脈栄養を含めることがある。すなわち、経腸栄養と静脈栄養を指す (参考1)
適応
- YN.N-18
- 慢性疾患による全身衰弱
- 意識障害
- 上部消化管手術後
- 外傷、熱傷
分類
- SSUR.239 YN.N-19
注入栄養剤
- SSUR.239
投与法法
- 下痢や満腹などの症状が出ることがある (SSUR.239)。下痢は開始から3-4日後に発生しやすい(YN.N-19)
- →開始当初は低濃度都市、次第に濃度・投与速度をあげ維持濃度にする (SSUR.239)
参考
[★]
- 英
- enteral nutrition EN, enteral alimentation
- 関
- 経管栄養法
概念
分類
- SSUR.239 YN.N-19
- 経口栄養:天然食品、人工食品
- 経管栄養: → 経鼻、胃瘻、腸瘻など非経口経路で腸に栄養剤、食品を投与
-
- 消化態栄養剤(成分栄養)
- 半消化態栄養剤(低残渣)
参考
- http://www.peg.or.jp/eiyou/doctor/kawasaki.html
- 2. キーワードでわかる臨床栄養|経腸栄養法の適応と投与方法
- http://www.nutri.co.jp/dic/ch6-1/
[★]
- 関
- enteral alimentation、enteral hyperalimentation、enteral nutrition、tube feeding
[★]
- 関
- enteral feeding、enteral hyperalimentation、enteral nutrition
[★]
結節性紅斑 erythema nodosum
経腸栄養法 enteral nutrition
[★]
- 関
- HPN
[★]
非経腸栄養法、PN
[★]
末梢静脈栄養, PPN
[★]
- 同
- enteric
[★]