WordNet
- bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations; "We cannot regulate the way people dress"; "This town likes to regulate" (同)regularize, regularise, order, govern
- fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of; "regulate the temperature"; "modulate the pitch" (同)modulate
- of a compound having atoms arranged in a ring structure
- recurring in cycles (同)cyclical
- conforming to the Carnot cycle
- forming a whorl or having parts arranged in a whorl; "cyclic petals"; "cyclic flowers"
- marked by repeated cycles
- any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
- an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a proenzyme to an active enzyme
- a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA) (同)base
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (規則などで)…‘を'『規制する』,『統制する』 / 〈機械など〉‘を'『調整する』 / 〈量や率など〉‘を'ある限度内におさえる
- 蛋白(たんばく)質
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 心臓の虚血性再潅流障害 ischemic reperfusion injury of the heart
- 2. 黒色腫（メラノーマ）の分子生物学 the molecular biology of melanoma
- 3. 慢性骨髄性白血病の細胞生物学および分子生物学 cellular and molecular biology of chronic myeloid leukemia
- 4. 血小板生物学 platelet biology
- 5. 肥大型心筋症の遺伝学 genetics of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
English Journal
- Recent Advances in the Discovery of Small Molecules Targeting Exchange Proteins Directly Activated by cAMP (EPAC).
- Chen H1, Wild C, Zhou X, Ye N, Cheng X, Zhou J.Author information 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas 77555, United States.Abstract3',5'-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a pivotal second messenger that regulates numerous biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer, diabetes, heart failure, inflammation, and neurological disorders. In the past, all effects of cAMP were initially believed to be mediated by protein kinase A (PKA) and cyclic nucleotide-regulated ion channels. Since the discovery of exchange proteins directly activated by cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate (EPACs) in 1998, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the net cellular effects of cAMP are also regulated by EPAC. The pursuit of the biological functions of EPAC has benefited from the development and applications of a growing number of pharmacological probes targeting EPACs. In this review, we seek to provide a concise update on recent advances in the development of chemical entities including various membrane-permeable analogues of cAMP and newly discovered EPAC-specific ligands from high throughput assays and hit-to-lead optimizations.
- Journal of medicinal chemistry.J Med Chem.2013 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print]
- 3',5'-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a pivotal second messenger that regulates numerous biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions, including cancer, diabetes, heart failure, inflammation, and neurological disorders. In the past, all effects of cAMP were initially
- PMID 24256330
- The Role of Cyclic Nucleotides in Pituitary Lactotroph Functions.
- Kucka M1, Bjelobaba I, Tomić M, Stojilkovic SS.Author information 1Section on Cellular Signaling, Program in Developmental Neuroscience, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD , USA.AbstractLactotrophs are one of the five secretory anterior pituitary cell types specialized to synthesize and release prolactin. In vitro, these cells fire action potentials (APs) spontaneously and the accompanied Ca2+ transients are of sufficient amplitude to keep the exocytotic pathway, the transcription of prolactin gene, and de novo hormone synthesis continuously active. Basal cyclic nucleotide production is also substantial in cultured cells but not critical for the APs secretion/transcription coupling in lactotrophs. However, elevated intracellular cAMP levels enhance the excitability of lactotrophs by stimulating the depolarizing non-selective cationic hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-regulated and background channels, whereas cGMP inhibits it by activating Ca2+-controlled K+ channels. Elevated cAMP also modulates prolactin release downstream of Ca2+ influx by changing the kinetic of secretory pores: stimulate at low and inhibit at high concentrations. Induction of prolactin gene and lactotroph proliferation is also stimulated by elevated cAMP through protein kinase A. Together, these observations suggest that in lactotrophs cAMP exhibits complex regulatory effects on voltage-gated Ca2+ influx and Ca2+-dependent cellular processes.
- Frontiers in endocrinology.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne).2013 Sep 13;4:122. eCollection 2013.
- Lactotrophs are one of the five secretory anterior pituitary cell types specialized to synthesize and release prolactin. In vitro, these cells fire action potentials (APs) spontaneously and the accompanied Ca2+ transients are of sufficient amplitude to keep the exocytotic pathway, the transcription
- PMID 24062725
- Molecular mechanisms of pituitary endocrine cell calcium handling.
- Stojilkovic SS.Author information Section on Cellular Signaling, Program in Developmental Neuroscience, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4510, United States. stankos@helix.nih.govAbstractEndocrine pituitary cells express numerous voltage-gated Na(+), Ca(2+), K(+), and Cl(-) channels and several ligand-gated channels, and they fire action potentials spontaneously. Depending on the cell type, this electrical activity can generate localized or global Ca(2+) signals, the latter reaching the threshold for stimulus-secretion coupling. These cells also express numerous G-protein-coupled receptors, which can stimulate or silence electrical activity and Ca(2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels and hormone release. Receptors positively coupled to the adenylyl cyclase signaling pathway stimulate electrical activity with cAMP, which activates hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-regulated channels directly, or by cAMP-dependent kinase-mediated phosphorylation of K(+), Na(+), Ca(2+), and/or non-selective cation-conducting channels. Receptors that are negatively coupled to adenylyl cyclase signaling pathways inhibit spontaneous electrical activity and accompanied Ca(2+) transients predominantly through the activation of inwardly rectifying K(+) channels and the inhibition of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. The Ca(2+)-mobilizing receptors activate inositol trisphosphate-gated Ca(2+) channels in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to Ca(2+) release in an oscillatory or non-oscillatory manner, depending on the cell type. This Ca(2+) release causes a cell type-specific modulation of electrical activity and intracellular Ca(2+) handling.
- Cell calcium.Cell Calcium.2012 Mar-Apr;51(3-4):212-21. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.11.003. Epub 2011 Dec 3.
- Endocrine pituitary cells express numerous voltage-gated Na(+), Ca(2+), K(+), and Cl(-) channels and several ligand-gated channels, and they fire action potentials spontaneously. Depending on the cell type, this electrical activity can generate localized or global Ca(2+) signals, the latter reaching
- PMID 22138111
Related Links
- 英語をクリック → Cyclic Nucleotide-Regulated Protein Kinase との組み合わせでEntrez を検索 5型サイクリックヌクレオチドホスホジエステラーゼ (Type 5 Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase); 環状ヌクレオチド (Cyclic Nucleotide); (); ...
- "Cyclic Nucleotide-Regulated Protein Kinases" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cyclic ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「環状ヌクレオチド依存性キナーゼ」「サイクリックヌクレオチド依存性キナーゼ」「環状ヌクレオチド依存性プロテインキナーゼ」 |
| 関連記事 | 「regulate」「cyclic」「kinase」「protein kinase」 |
「環状ヌクレオチド依存性キナーゼ」
「サイクリックヌクレオチド依存性キナーゼ」
「環状ヌクレオチド依存性プロテインキナーゼ」
「regulate」
- 制御する、調節する、(法的に)規制する
- 関
- accommodation、accommodative、adjust、adjustment、baffle、control、modulate、modulation、regulation、regulatory
「cyclic」
- adj.
- 環状の、環式の、周期性の、サイクリック
「kinase」
[★] キナーゼ カイネース リン酸化酵素 phosphoenzyme phosphotransferase