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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/07/20 18:35:43」(JST)

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Cefotiam is a parenteral second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. As a beta-lactam, its bactericidal activity results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins.

Cefotiam was launched as Pansporin in February 1981 by Takeda Pharmaceutical of Japan and has been available as a generic since February 1993.

Mechanism of action[edit]

Cefotiam inhibits final cross-linking stage of peptidoglycan production thus inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It has similar or less activity against Gram positive staphylococci and streptococci, but is resistant to some beta-lactamases produced by Gram negative bacteria. It is more active against many of the Enterobacteriaceae including Enterobacter, E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella and indole-positive Proteus species.

In clinical use, high concentrations of cefotiam are observed in several tissues (kidney, heart, ear, prostate and genital tract) as well as in fluids and secretions (bile, ascitic fluid).

Indications[edit]

Prophylaxis for surgical infection, postoperative infections, bacterial septicaemia, bone and joint infections, cholangitis, cholecystitis, peritonitis, prostatitis, pyelonephritis, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, cystitis, urethritis and infections caused by susceptible organisms.

It does not have activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Dosage[edit]

Adult: Up to 6 grams daily via intravenous or intramuscular route in divided doses according to severity of infection.

In patients with renal impairment a dose reduction may be needed.

Adverse effects[edit]

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, hypersensitivity reactions, nephrotoxicity, convulsions, CNS toxicity, hepatic dysfunction, haematologic disorders, pain at injection site, thrombophloebitis, Pseudomembranous colitis, superinfection with prolonged use.

External links[edit]

Müller R, Böttger C, Wichmann G (2003). "Suitability of cefotiam and cefuroxime axetil for the perioperative short-term prophylaxis in tonsillectomy patients.". Arzneimittelforschung 53 (2): 126–32. PMID 12642969.
Kolben M, Mandoki E, Ulm K, Freitag K (2001). "Randomized trial of cefotiam prophylaxis in the prevention of postoperative infectious morbidity after elective cesarean section.". Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 20 (1): 40–2. doi:10.1007/s100960000365. PMID 11245321.
Shimizu S, Chen K, Miyakawa S (1996). "Cefotiam-induced contact urticaria syndrome: an occupational condition in Japanese nurses.". Dermatology 192 (2): 174–6. doi:10.1159/000246352. PMID 8829507.

UpToDate Contents

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1. セフェム系 cephalosporins
2. セファロスポリン-アレルギー患者：セファロスポリンおよび関連抗菌薬のその後の使用 cephalosporin allergic patients subsequent use of cephalosporins and related antibiotics
3. ペニシリン-アレルギー患者：セフェム系、カルバペネム系、およびモノバクタム系の使用 penicillin allergic patients use of cephalosporins carbapenems and monobactams
4. セファロスポリンアレルギー：臨床症状および診断 cephalosporin allergy clinical manifestations and diagnosis
5. Intracranial epidural abscess

English Journal

Post-operative infection of endoscopic submucosal dissection of early colorectal neoplasms: a case-controlled study using a Japanese database.

Muro T1, Higuchi N1, Imamura M1, Nakagawa H1, Honda M2, Nakao K3, Izumikawa K4, Sasaki H1, Kitahara T1.
Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics.J Clin Pharm Ther.2015 Aug 6. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.12313. [Epub ahead of print]
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Endoscopic submucosal dissection of early colorectal neoplasms (ESD-ECN) is known to be an operation with risk of contamination, possibly requiring pre-operative antimicrobial prophylaxis for the prevention of post-operative infection. However, an evaluation of the need
PMID 26249257

An Incarcerated Colon Inguinal Hernia That Perforated into the Scrotum and Exhibited an Air-Fluid Level.

Ota S1, Noguchi T1, Takao T2, Sakamoto T3, Kanie Y3, Omae K3, Fujie S3, Kanaya Y2, Kasahara A1, Matsumra T1.
Case reports in medicine.Case Rep Med.2015;2015:105183. doi: 10.1155/2015/105183. Epub 2015 May 13.
There are few reports of a transverse colon inguinal hernia; furthermore, an inguinal hernia perforating the scrotum is rare. Here we report the case of a 79-year-old man who died after developing an incarcerated colon inguinal hernia that perforated the scrotum and exhibited an air-fluid level. The
PMID 26074967

The dynamic observation of plasma concentration of antimicrobial agents during balanced ultrafiltration in vitro.

Fang Y1, Guan Y, Wan C, Fu Z, Jiang J, Wu C, Zhao J, Sun P, Long C.
Artificial organs.Artif Organs.2014 Jan;38(1):48-55. doi: 10.1111/aor.12113. Epub 2013 Jul 19.
Routine perioperative intravenous antimicrobial agents are administered as surgical prophylaxis. However, whether balanced ultrafiltration during extracorporeal circulation has substantial effect on the concentration of antimicrobial agents remains unclear. The concentrations of antimicrobial agents
PMID 23865445

Japanese Journal

エンドトキシン吸着療法により救命しえたESBL産生大腸菌による経直腸前立腺針生検後敗血症の1例

河野友亮,福井直隆,影山幸雄,東四雄
泌尿器科紀要 59(9), 593-596, 2013-09-00
… After prophylactic administration of antibiotics (cefotiam), transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate was performed. …
NAID 120005333764

臨床研究・症例報告 A群溶連菌T28およびG群溶連菌を検出した扁桃周囲膿瘍の1男児例

森本佳子,肌勢知雅,佐藤加奈子 [他]
小児科臨床 64(6), 1099-1104, 2011-06-00
NAID 40018792097

Neisseria subflava 腹膜炎を発症した1型糖尿病の腹膜透析患者の1例

小寺永章,三瀬直文,内田梨沙 [他],石本遊,田中基嗣,田中真司,栗田宜明,杉本徳一郎
日本透析医学会雑誌 = Journal of Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy 44(4), 319-322, 2011-04-28
34歳，男性．1型糖尿病による腎不全のため，2008年4月腹膜透析（peritoneal dialysis：PD）導入し，マニュアル接続によるダブルバッグシステムにて夜間間欠的腹膜透析（nocturnal intermittent peritoneal dialysis：NIPD）を施行していた．2009年1月22日腹痛・下痢・嘔吐・PD排液混濁を認め受診．来院時体温37.4℃，腹膜刺激症状あり， …
NAID 10029406293

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「Hafnia alvei」「セフォチアム」「CTM」
拡張検索	「cefotiam hexetil hydrochloride」

「Hafnia alvei」

Cefotiam
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(6R,7R)-7-{[2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetyl]; amino}-3-{[1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)tetrazol-5-yl]; sulfanylmethyl}-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]; oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
Trade names	Pansporin
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	℞ Prescription only
Routes	Intravenous, intramuscular
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	60% (intramuscular)
Protein binding	40%
Metabolism	Nil
Half-life	Approximately 1 hour
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
CAS number	61622-34-2
ATC code	J01DC07
PubChem	CID 43708
DrugBank	DB00229
ChemSpider	39831
UNII	91W6Z2N718
KEGG	D07648
ChEBI	CHEBI:355510
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1296
Chemical data
Formula	C18H23N9O4S3
Mol. mass	525.631 g/mol
	SMILES CN(C)CCN1N=NN=C1SCC1=C(N2[C@H](SC1)[C@H](NC(=O)CC1=CSC(N)=N1)C2=O)C(O)=O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C18H23N9O4S3/c1-25(2)3-4-26-18(22-23-24-26)34-7-9-6-32-15-12(14(29)27(15)13(9)16(30)31)21-11(28)5-10-8-33-17(19)20-10/h8,12,15H,3-7H2,1-2H3,(H2,19,20)(H,21,28)(H,30,31)/t12-,15-/m1/s1 ; Key:QYQDKDWGWDOFFU-IUODEOHRSA-N ;
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