WordNet

any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc. (同)hurt, harm, trauma
an act that causes someone or something to receive physical damage
wrongdoing that violates anothers rights and is unjustly inflicted
an accident that results in physical damage or hurt (同)accidental injury
the time when something begins (especially life); "they divorced after the birth of the child"; "his election signaled the birth of a new age"
the event of being born; "they celebrated the birth of their first child" (同)nativity, nascency, nascence
a baby born; an offspring; "the overall rate of incidence of Downs syndrome is one in every 800 births"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『負傷』,『損害』,損傷 / (名誉などを)傷つけること,侮辱《+『to』+『名』》
〈C〉〈U〉『誕生』,出生 / 〈U〉『生まれ』,家柄;家系(lineage) / 〈C〉『起原』,起こり(origin)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/15 19:15:35」(JST)

wiki en

Birth trauma (BT) refers to damage of the tissues and organs of a newly delivered child, often as a result of physical pressure or trauma during childbirth. The term also encompasses the long term consequences, often of a cognitive nature, of damage to the brain or cranium.^[1] Medical study of birth trauma dates to the 16th century, and the morphological consequences of mishandled delivery are described in Renaissance-era medical literature. Birth injury occupies a unique area of concern and study in the medical canon. In ICD-10 "birth trauma" occupied 49 individual codes (P10-Р15).

However, there are often clear distinctions to be made between brain damage caused by birth trauma and that induced by intrauterine asphyxia. It is also crucial to distinguish between "birth trauma" and "birth injury". Birth injuries encompass any systemic damages incurred during delivery (hypoxic, toxic, biochemical, infection factors, etc.), but "birth trauma" focuses largely on mechanical damage. Caput succedaneum, subcutaneous hemorrhages, small subperiostal hemorrhages, hemorrhages along the displacements of cranial bones, intradural bleedings, subcapsular haematomas of liver, are among the more commonly reported birth injuries. Birth trauma, on the other hand, encompasses the enduring side effects of physical birth injuries, including the ensuing compensatory and adaptive mechanisms and the development of pathological processes (pathogenesis) after the damage.

Signs and symptoms[edit]

Sequelae can occur in both the mother and the infant after a traumatic birth.

Birth trauma is uncommon in the Western world in relation to rates in the third world. In the West injury occurs in 1.1% of C-sections.^[2]

Causes[edit]

Cephalo-pelvic disproportion,
the quick and rapid delivery,
delayed and prolonged delivery,
the abnormal birth position,
asinclitic birth (asinclitismus),
abnormal fetal attitude (extensor inserting head),
obstetric turn,
acceleration and stimulation of the birth,
breech presentation,
forceps and vacuum extraction.

Risk factors include vacuum extraction and the use of forceps.^[3]

Infant[edit]

While any number of injuries may occur during the birthing process. A number of specific conditions are well described. Brachial plexus palsy occurs in 0.4 to 5.1 infants per 1000 live birth.^[4] Head trauma and brain damage during delivery can lead to a number of conditions include: caput succedaneum, cephalohematoma, subgaleal hemorrhage, subdural hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage.

The most common fracture during delivery is that of the clavicle (0.5%).^[5]

Mother[edit]

Rates of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as high as 5.9% have been reported.^[6]

Epidemiology[edit]

Disability-adjusted life year for birth asphyxia and birth trauma per 100,000 inhabitants in 2002.^[7]

no data

less than 150

150-300

300-450

450-600

600-750

750-900

900-1050

1050-1200

1200-1350

1350-1500

1500-1750

more than 1750

Additional images[edit]

References[edit]

^ V.V.Vlasyuk Birth trauma and perinatal disorders of cerebral circulation. St. Petersburg, "Nestor History, 2009 - 252 p. ISBN 978-5-98187-373-7.
^ Alexander JM, Leveno KJ, Hauth J, et al. (October 2006). "Fetal injury associated with cesarean delivery". Obstet Gynecol 108 (4): 885–90. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000237116.72011.f3. PMID 17012450. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Demissie K, Rhoads GG, Smulian JC, et al. (July 2004). "Operative vaginal delivery and neonatal and infant adverse outcomes: population based retrospective analysis". BMJ 329 (7456): 24–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7456.24. PMC 443446. PMID 15231617. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Andersen J, Watt J, Olson J, Van Aerde J (February 2006). "Perinatal brachial plexus palsy". Paediatr Child Health 11 (2): 93–100. PMC 2435328. PMID 19030261. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Beall MH, Ross MG (December 2001). "Clavicle fracture in labor: risk factors and associated morbidities". J Perinatol 21 (8): 513–5. doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7210594. PMID 11774010. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Beck CT (2009). "Birth trauma and its sequelae". J Trauma Dissociation 10 (2): 189–203. doi:10.1080/15299730802624528. PMID 19333848.
^ "Mortality and Burden of Disease Estimates for WHO Member States in 2002" (xls). World Health Organization. 2002.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 新生児における機械的人工呼吸 neonatal birth injuries
2. 新生児腕神経叢麻痺 neonatal brachial plexus palsy
3. 腕神経叢症候群 brachial plexus syndromes
4. 手術的経膣分娩 operative vaginal delivery
5. 妊娠期間に比して大きい新生児 large for gestational age newborn

English Journal

Can the preterm lung recover from perinatal stress?

Hütten MC1,2,3,4, Wolfs TG1,4, Kramer BW5,6.
Molecular and cellular pediatrics.Mol Cell Pediatr.2016 Dec;3(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s40348-016-0043-9. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
After birth, adequate lung function is necessary for the successful adaptation of a preterm baby. Both prenatal and postnatal insults and therapeutic interventions have an immediate effect on lung function and gas exchange but also interfere with fetal and neonatal lung development. Prenatal insults
PMID 27075524

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells-a key mediator for regeneration after perinatal morbidity?

Mueller M1,2, Wolfs TG3,4, Schoeberlein A5, Gavilanes AW6,7,8, Surbek D9, Kramer BW10,11,12.
Molecular and cellular pediatrics.Mol Cell Pediatr.2016 Dec;3(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s40348-016-0034-x. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
Perinatal complications in both term- and preterm-born infants are a leading cause of neonatal morbidities and mortality. Infants face different challenges in the neonatal intensive care unit with long-term morbidities such as perinatal brain injury and bronchopulmonary dysplasia being particularly
PMID 26869264

Borderline hypotension: how does it influence cerebral regional tissue oxygenation in preterm infants?

Binder-Heschl C1,2,3,4, Urlesberger B1,2,3, Schwaberger B1,2,3, Koestenberger M5, Pichler G1,2,3.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians.J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2016 Jul;29(14):2341-6. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1085020. Epub 2015 Sep 18.
AIM: To monitor cerebral regional tissue oxygenation (crSO2) of preterm infants continuously and to analyze the influence of arterial hypotension on crSO2.METHODS: In this prospective, observational study crSO2, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate (HR) and mean arterial blood pressure (M
PMID 26381128

Japanese Journal

Unilateral Femoral Fracture in a Low Birth Weight Infant: A Case Report

, ,
Journal of Nippon Medical School 82(2), 106-108, 2015
… Femoral fractures due to birth trauma are an extremely rare but important birth injury. … Here we report on a low birth weight infant who was delivered by cesarean section for breech presentation at 30 1/7 weeks of gestation and sustained a unilateral fracture of the femoral shaft. …
NAID 130005068458

細胞シート移植による脊髄髄膜瘤の胎児期神経組織修復

石井理絵,ウバイダスソブハン,蛇口達造,佐藤智夫,山下紘正,田畑泰彦,澤芳樹,千葉敏雄,土岐彰
外科と代謝・栄養 48(6), 215-218, 2014
脊髄髄膜瘤は胎児期の神経障害により出生後も後遺症をもたらす先天性疾患である．胎児期に手術加療が行われるが損傷された神経組織の修復は難しい．そこでわれわれは再生医療の一つである細胞シート技術を用いて脊髄髄膜瘤の胎児治療への応用を試みた．筋芽細胞（L6 細胞株）を使用して細胞シート作成した．また妊娠10 日目のSD ラットにレチノイン酸を経口投与して脊髄髄膜瘤を誘発した．妊娠21 日目に脊髄髄膜瘤 …
NAID 130005062591

発達期脳病変に続発する持続的筋収縮状態の臨床像

丸山幸一,井合瑞江,荒井洋,横地健治
脳と発達 46(1), 10-15, 2014
【目的】発達期脳病変による運動障害においてときに観察される, 全身の緊張が長時間持続する状態を「持続的筋収縮状態」と定義し, その臨床像を明らかにする. 【方法】診断基準を満たす66症例を後方視的に調査した. 【結果】早産核黄疸の症例では非対称性姿勢をとり, 姿勢保持や快刺激で症状の緩和を認めた. 他の症例は基底核・視床と大脳の両側広汎性病変が中核であり, 後弓反張位が多く, 姿勢保持や刺激によ …
NAID 130005005688

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「分娩損傷」「分娩外傷」
関連記事	「injury」「birth」

「分娩損傷」

Birth trauma
	Classification and external resources
	; Position of the child is important for normal birthing procedure, head-first birth is preferred.
ICD-10	P10–P15
ICD-9	767
eMedicine	article/980112

　　[★]

英: birth injury, birth injuries

巨大児分娩、骨盤位分娩、鉗子分娩、吸引分娩、急速遂娩などで発症しやすい (QB.P-333)
頻度：鎖骨骨折＞顔面神経麻痺＞上腕神経叢麻痺＞頭蓋内出血 (QB.P-333)

「分娩外傷」

　　[★]

英: birth injury
関: 分娩損傷

「injury」

　　[★]

n.

傷害、損傷、外傷、受傷
wound or trauma; harm or hurt; usually applied to damage inflicted on the body by an external force.

関: damage、injure、insult、lesion、spoilage、trauma、traumatic、traumatic injury、wound

「birth」

　　[★]

n.

出生、誕生。出産、分娩
生まれ、血統。家柄
起源、発生、出現

[1] V.V.Vlasyuk Birth trauma and perinatal disorders of cerebral circulation. St. Petersburg, "Nestor History, 2009 - 252 p. ISBN 978-5-98187-373-7.

[2] Alexander JM, Leveno KJ, Hauth J, et al. (October 2006). "Fetal injury associated with cesarean delivery". Obstet Gynecol 108 (4): 885–90. doi:10.1097/01.AOG.0000237116.72011.f3. PMID 17012450. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[3] Demissie K, Rhoads GG, Smulian JC, et al. (July 2004). "Operative vaginal delivery and neonatal and infant adverse outcomes: population based retrospective analysis". BMJ 329 (7456): 24–9. doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7456.24. PMC 443446. PMID 15231617. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[4] Andersen J, Watt J, Olson J, Van Aerde J (February 2006). "Perinatal brachial plexus palsy". Paediatr Child Health 11 (2): 93–100. PMC 2435328. PMID 19030261. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[5] Beall MH, Ross MG (December 2001). "Clavicle fracture in labor: risk factors and associated morbidities". J Perinatol 21 (8): 513–5. doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7210594. PMID 11774010. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[6] Beck CT (2009). "Birth trauma and its sequelae". J Trauma Dissociation 10 (2): 189–203. doi:10.1080/15299730802624528. PMID 19333848.

[7] "Mortality and Burden of Disease Estimates for WHO Member States in 2002" (xls). World Health Organization. 2002.

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案内

birth injury