WordNet

the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit); "the compressed gas exerts an increased pressure" (同)pressure level, force per unit area
an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress
the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin; "the sensitivity of his skin to pressure and temperature was normal" (同)pressure_sensation
a force that compels; "the public brought pressure to bear on the government"
showing favoritism
being or affecting only a part; not total; "a partial description of the suspect"; "partial collapse"; "a partial eclipse"; "a partial monopoly"; "partial immunity"
an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms: amorphous carbon and graphite and diamond; occurs in all organic compounds (同)C, atomic number 6
a copy made with carbon paper (同)carbon_copy
of or involving or contained in the arteries; "arterial disease"; "the arterial system"; "arterial blood"

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉『押すこと』,『押しつけること』,圧搾,圧縮;〈C〉〈U〉『圧力』,圧力の強さ / 〈U〉『圧迫』,『強制』 / 〈U〉(不快な)圧迫感 / 〈C〉〈U〉(精神的な)重荷,苦脳;(時間・金銭的)切迫 / 〈U〉多忙,あわただしさ / 《おもに米》…‘に'圧力をかける,強制する(《英》pressurise)
《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
(また『part』)『一部分の』,部分的な;不完全な / 不公平な,偏った / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…が)特に好きで《+『to』+『名』》
『炭素』(化学記号は『C』) / 〈C〉炭素棒 / 〈C〉《時に〈U〉》=carbon paper
動脈の,動脈状の / 動脈血の / 幹線の

UpToDate Contents

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1. 動脈血液ガス arterial blood gases
2. 高炭酸ガス血症を伴う急性呼吸不全を有する成人患者の評価、診断、および治療 the evaluation diagnosis and treatment of the adult patient with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
3. 換気調節 control of ventilation
4. 高二酸化炭素血症の発症機序、原因、および影響 mechanisms causes and effects of hypercapnia
5. 肺切除術前評価 preoperative evaluation for lung resection

English Journal

The role of venous blood gas in the Emergency Department: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bloom BM1, Grundlingh J, Bestwick JP, Harris T.Author information 1aEmergency Department bAdult Critical Care Unit cLondon HEMS, The Royal London Hospital dWolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and the London Queen Mary School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.AbstractThe aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature reporting agreement between arterial and venous pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), base excess and lactate; and to perform a meta-analysis of the differences. Medline and Embase searches using Eduserv Athens from 1950 to present were conducted using the terms 'VBG', 'ABG', 'arterial', 'venous', 'blood', 'gas', 'lactate', 'emergency' and 'department'. References of the published papers were hand searched and full-text versions of those deemed helpful to the question were obtained. Mean difference (MD) and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were either reported or calculated from the published data. Pooled MDs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for differences between arterial and venous pH, PCO2, bicarbonate and lactate. Thirteen articles relevant to pH, 12 relevant to PCO2, 10 relevant to bicarbonate and three relevant to lactate were found. The pooled MD (venous-arterial) for pH was -0.033 pH units (95% CI -0.039 to 0.027) with narrow 95% LOA, the pooled MD for PCO2 was 4.41 mmHg (95% CI 2.55-6.27) with 95% LOA ranging from -20.4 to 25.8 mmHg, the pooled MD for bicarbonate was 1.03 mmol/l (95% CI 0.56-1.50) with 95% LOA ranging from -7.1 to 10.0 mmol/l and the pooled MD for lactate was 0.25 mmol/l (95% CI 0.15-0.35) with 95% LOA ranging from -2.0 to 2.3 mmol/l. Venous and arterial pH and bicarbonate agree reasonably at all values, but the agreement is highest at normal values. Arteriovenous agreement for PCO2 is poor and PvCO2 cannot be relied upon as an absolute representation of PaCO2. However, normal peripheral PvCO2 has a good negative predictive value for normal arterial PCO2, and a normal PvCO2 can be used as a screen to exclude hypercapnic respiratory disease. There may be a poor agreement between arterial and venous lactate at abnormal values; however, if the venous lactate is normal, it is likely the arterial values of this parameter will also be normal.
European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine.Eur J Emerg Med.2014 Apr;21(2):81-8. doi: 10.1097/MEJ.0b013e32836437cf.
The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the literature reporting agreement between arterial and venous pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3), base excess and lactate; and to perform a meta-analysis of the differences. Medline and Embase searches using E
PMID 23903783

Efficacy and safety of artificial pneumothorax under two-lung ventilation in thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in the prone position.

Saikawa D1, Okushiba S, Kawata M, Okubo T, Kitashiro S, Kawarada Y, Suzuki Y, Kato H.Author information 1Department of Surgery, Tonan Hospital, North 1 West 6 Chuo-ku, Hokkaido, Sapporo, 060-0001, Japan, 99040ds@jichi.ac.jp.AbstractBACKGROUND: Thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer performed using two-lung ventilation in the prone position has many advantages, such as convenient anesthesia induction and maintenance, and good oxygenation. We examined the safety of surgery and anesthetic management by following chronological changes in intraoperative respiration and hemodynamics.
General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.2014 Mar;62(3):163-70. doi: 10.1007/s11748-013-0335-0. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
BACKGROUND: Thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer performed using two-lung ventilation in the prone position has many advantages, such as convenient anesthesia induction and maintenance, and good oxygenation. We examined the safety of surgery and anesthetic management by following chrono
PMID 24174380

Buccal partial pressure of carbon dioxide outweighs traditional vital signs in predicting the severity of hemorrhagic shock in a rat model.

Lu H1, Zheng J2, Zhao P3, Zhang G1, Wu T4.Author information 1Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China.2Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China. Electronic address: zhengjiewen5@gmail.com.3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.4Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China. Electronic address: wutaihu@vip.sina.com.AbstractBACKGROUND: Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is a leading cause of death in both military and civilian settings. Researchers have investigated different parameters as predictors of HS, but reached inconsistent conclusions. We hypothesized that buccal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) was a better predictor of HS than traditional vital signs.
The Journal of surgical research.J Surg Res.2014 Mar;187(1):262-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.10.015. Epub 2013 Oct 14.
BACKGROUND: Hemorrhagic shock (HS) is a leading cause of death in both military and civilian settings. Researchers have investigated different parameters as predictors of HS, but reached inconsistent conclusions. We hypothesized that buccal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) was a better pred
PMID 24220106

Japanese Journal

動脈血ガス検査,パルスオキシメータ (特集 COPD--生命予後の改善を目指して) -- (COPDの診断・検査法)

本間敏明
日本臨床 69(10), 1797-1801, 2011-10
NAID 40019003899

エアートノメトリー法による再建遊離空腸の血流評価の有用性について

小澤宏之,和佐野浩一郎,行木一郎太,加藤高志,今西順久,磯部潔,行木英生
頭頸部外科 = Journal of
トノメトリー法はトノメトリーカテーテルを用い，管腔臓器の二酸化炭素分圧（PiCO2）を計測する方法である。われわれは遊離空腸再建を行った16症例を対象に，自動測定器を用いたエアートノメトリー法で空腸内のPiCO2測定を行った。移植空腸のPiCO2値は空腸血流を良好に反映し，PiCO2値が持続的に上昇した症例で静脈血栓を認めた。本法は計数器がPiCO2を自動的に測定し，PiCO2値が数値で示されるた …
NAID 10029079042