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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/11/01 08:18:33」(JST)

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Carbon dioxide molecule.

The pCO₂, PCO₂, $p_{CO_{2}}$ or $P_{CO_{2}}$ is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO₂), often used in reference to blood, but also used in Oceanography to describe the partial pressure of CO₂ in the Ocean and in life support systems engineering and underwater diving to describe the partial pressure in a breathing gas. Usually the arterial blood is the relevant context; the symbol for $P_{CO_{2}}$ in arterial blood is $P_{a_{CO_{2}}}$ . Measurement of $P_{a_{CO_{2}}}$ in the systemic circulation indicates the effectiveness of ventilation at the lungs' alveoli, given the diffusing capacity of the gas. It is a good indicator of respiratory function and the closely related factor of acid–base homeostasis, reflecting the amount of acid in the blood (without lactic acid).

Values

Its normal values are in the range 35–45 mmHg.
If the $P_{CO_{2}}$ is less than 35 mmHg, the patient is hyperventilating, and if the pH (potential hydrogen) is greater than 7.45, corresponding to a respiratory alkalosis.
If the $P_{CO_{2}}$ is higher than 45 mmHg, the patient is hypoventilating, and if the pH is less than 7.35, is in respiratory acidosis.^[1]^[2]

References

^ Dugdale DC, Zieve D. Gasometría arterial. Medline Plus. 09/01/2012.
^ Leticia Godoy Dias Sanderson. Gasometria arterial - Artigo de revisão. Fevereiro 2012.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Environmental salinity modulates the effects of elevated CO2 levels on juvenile hard-shell clams, Mercenaria mercenaria.

Dickinson GH, Matoo OB, Tourek RT, Sokolova IM, Beniash E.SourceDepartment of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 589 Salk Hall, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
The Journal of experimental biology.J Exp Biol.2013 Jul 15;216(Pt 14):2607-18. doi: 10.1242/jeb.082909. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations results in a decrease in seawater pH and shifts in the carbonate chemistry that can negatively affect marine organisms. Marine bivalves such as the hard-shell clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, serve as ecosystem engineers in estuaries a
PMID 23531824

Network activity in hippocampal slice cultures revealed by long-term in vitro recordings.

Albus K, Heinemann U, Kovács R.SourceInstitute of Neurophysiology, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: klaus.albus@charite.de.
Journal of neuroscience methods.J Neurosci Methods.2013 Jul 15;217(1-2):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.04.014. Epub 2013 Apr 29.
Organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs) are widely used for anatomical, molecular and electrophysiological studies of the development of neuronal networks. Electrophysiological recordings are usually limited to a single time point during development, and recording conditions differ greatly ba
PMID 23639918

Japanese Journal

神経筋疾患に対する呼吸リハビリテーションの実際 (特集神経筋疾患のリハビリテーション : up to date)

The Japanese journal of rehabilitation medicine = リハビリテーション医学 53(7), 534-539, 2016-07
NAID 40020913575

Estimation of CO₂ partial pressure and bicarbonate concentration in the hemolymph of the noble scallop Mimachlamys nobilis

水産大学校研究報告 64(3), 188-194, 2016-03
NAID 120005860925

牛窓における表面海水中pCO₂の測定(7)瀬戸内海沿岸の渋川と牛窓における大気中CO₂の挙動

岡山理科大学技術科学研究所年報 (34), 13-22, 2016
NAID 40021058313

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