WordNet

of or relating to the cerebrum or brain; "cerebral hemisphere"; "cerebral activity"
involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct; "a cerebral approach to the problem"; "cerebral drama" (同)intellectual
of or near the head end or toward the front plane of a body
earlier in time (同)prior
a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel

PrepTutorEJDIC

大脳の,脳の / 頭脳的な,知的な
(場所などが)前の,前部の;(…より)前に位置する《+『to』+『名』》 / (時・事件などが)以前の,先の;(…より)前の《+『to』+『名』》
動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/04/21 07:26:30」(JST)

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The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) is one of a pair of arteries on the brain that supplies oxygenated blood to most medial portions of the frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes. The two anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery and are part of the Circle of Willis.

The left and right anterior cerebral arteries are connected by the anterior communicating artery.

Segments and branches

The ACA is classified into 5 segments with the smaller branches from the ACA "callosal" arteries (supracallosal) considered as the A4 and A5 segments:^[1]

A1: this segment originates from the internal carotid artery and extends to the anterior communicating artery (AComm). The anteromedial central (medial lenticulostriate) arteries arise from this segment as well as the AComm, which irrigate the caudate nucleus and the anterior limb of the internal capsule
A2: this segment extends from the AComm to the bifurcation forming the pericallosal and callosomarginal arteries. The recurrent artery of Heubner (distal medial striate artery), which irrigate the internal capsule, usually arises at the beginning of this segment near the AComm. 4 branches arise from this segment, the:
- Orbitofrontal artery (medial frontal basal): Arises first a small distance away from the AComm
- Frontopolar artery (polar frontal): Arises after the orbitofrontal close to when A2 curves posteriorly over the corpus callosum. Could also originate from the callosal marginal.
A3: Also termed the pericallosal artery this is one of (or the only) the main terminal branches of the ACA, which extends posteriorly in the pericallosal sulcus to form the internal parietal arteries (superior, inferior) and the precuneal artery. This artery may form an anastomosis with the posterior cerebral artery.
- Callosal marginal artery: A commonly present terminal branch of the ACA, which bifurcates from the pericallosal artery. This artery in turn branches into the medial frontal arteries (Anterior, Intermediate, Posterior), and the paracentral artery, with the cingulate branches arising throughout its length. Depending on anatomical variation, the callosal marginal artery may be none discrete or not be visible. In the latter case, the branches mentioned will originate from the pericallosal artery. In a study of 76 hemispheres, the artery was present in only 60% of the cases.^[2] Angiography studies cite that the vessel can be seen 67% ^[1] or 50%^[3] of the time.

Areas supplied

Areas supplied by the anterior cerebral artery include:^{[citation needed]}

The medial surface of the frontal lobe by the medial orbito-frontal artery, and parietal lobes
The anterior four- fifths of the corpus callosum
Approximately 1 inch of the medial surfaces of frontal and parietal lobes, next to the medial longitudinal fissure
Anterior portions of the basal ganglia and internal capsule
Olfactory bulb and tract

Occlusion

Occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery may result in the following defects:^[4] If stroke occurs prior to the anterior communicating artery it is usually well tolerated secondary to collateral circulation. Occlusion of A2 segment(Post communal segment of Anterior cerebral artery) the following signs and symptoms may be noted.

Paralysis or weakness of the contralateral foot and leg due to involvement of Motor leg area
Cortical Sensory loss in the contralateral foot and leg
Gait apraxia Impairtment of gait and stance
Abulia akinetic mutism, slowness and lack of spontaneity
Urinary incontinence which usually occurs with bilateral damage in the acute phase
Frontal Cortical release reflexes: Contralateral grasp reflex, sucking reflex, gegenhalten(paratonic rigidity)

Additional images

Anterior cerebral artery

Medial surface of cerebral hemisphere, showing areas supplied by cerebral arteries. Areas supplied by the anterior cerebral artery are shown in blue.

Anterior view of cerebral circulation, including rough courses of A1, A2, and A3 with pericallosal and supracallosal branches.

References

^ ^a ^b Krayenbühl, Hugo; Yaşargil, Mahmut Gazi; Huber, Peter; Bosse, George (1982), Cerebral Angiography, Thieme, pp. 79–91, ISBN 978-0-86577-067-6
^ SCHNEIDER, MARCO A. STEFANI; MARRONE, ANTONIO C. H.; SEVERINO, ANTONIO G.; JACKOWSKI, ANDREA P.; WALLACE, M. CHRISTOPHER (2000), "Anatomic Variations of Anterior Cerebral Artery Cortical Branches", Clinical Anatomy (13): 321–236
^ Osborn, Anne G.; Jacobs, John M. (1999), Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 143–144, ISBN 978-0-397-58404-8
^ Harrison's Priciples of Internal Medicine 18th Edition vol. 2 Chapter 370, Cerebrovascular Diseases,page 3286, Fig 370-8

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Anterior cerebral artery

MedEd at Loyola Neuro/neurovasc/navigation/aca.htm
SUNY Labs 28:09-0218
http://neuroangio.org/anatomy-and-variants/anterior-cerebral-artery/
Atlas of anatomy at UMich n3a8p1
Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 13048.000-1
Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 13048.000-3

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English Journal

The assessment of intracranial dynamics by transcranial Doppler sonography in perioperative period in paediatric hydrocephalus.

Kolarovszki B, Zubor P, Kolarovszka H, Benco M, Richterova R, Matasova K.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Kollarova 2, Martin, 03601, Slovak Republic, kolarovszki@jfmed.uniba.sk.
Archives of gynecology and obstetrics.Arch Gynecol Obstet.2013 Feb;287(2):229-38. doi: 10.1007/s00404-012-2576-z. Epub 2012 Sep 25.
PURPOSE: To evaluate Doppler parameters of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and relationship to morphological parameters of cerebral ventricles and periventricular brain tissue in paediatric hydrocephalus before and after drainage procedure.METHODS: Forty newborns with hydrocephalus were evaluated bef
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Anterior cerebral artery dissecting aneurysm associated with untreated craniopharyngioma.

Takeuchi S, Wada K, Sakakibara F, Nawashiro H, Mori K.SourceDepartment of Neurosurgery, National Defense Medical College , Saitama , Japan.
British journal of neurosurgery.Br J Neurosurg.2013 Feb;27(1):102-4. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2012.701677. Epub 2012 Jul 5.
Abstract Coexistence of cerebral aneurysm and untreated craniopharyngioma is extremely rare. We present an extremely rare case of anterior cerebral artery dissecting aneurysm associated with untreated craniopharyngioma, and discuss the relationship between these two lesions.
PMID 22762270

Japanese Journal

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Association of Adventitial Vasa Vasorum and Inflammation With Coronary Hyperconstriction After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Pigs In Vivo

Nishimiya Kensuke,Matsumoto Yasuharu,Shindo Tomohiko,Hanawa Kenichiro,Hasebe Yuhi,Tsuburaya Ryuji,Shiroto Takashi,Takahashi Jun,Ito Kenta,Ishibashi-Ueda Hatsue,Yasuda Satoshi,Shimokawa Hiroaki
Circulation Journal 79(8), 1787-1798, 2015
… Background:The importance of adventitial inflammation has been implicated for the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. …
NAID 130005089365

前脈絡叢動脈と後交通動脈の共通幹との分岐部に発生した未破裂内頚動脈瘤の1 例

早瀬睦,服部悦子,北原孝宏,宮腰明典,多喜純也,中村威彦,波多野武人
脳神経血管内治療 advpub(0), 2015
【目的】前脈絡叢動脈と後交通動脈の共通幹と内頚動脈の分岐部に発生した未破裂脳動脈瘤に対しコイル塞栓術を行った．この稀な動脈瘤について前脈絡叢動脈の解剖学的バリエーションに関する文献的考察を加え報告する．【症例】73 歳女性，脳ドックで左内頚動脈瘤を指摘された．脳血管撮影で前脈絡叢動脈と後交通動脈の共通幹と内頚動脈との分岐部に動脈瘤を認めた．これに対しコイル塞栓術を施行し良好な転帰が得られた．【結論 …
NAID 130005088413

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「前大脳動脈」「ACA」
関連記事	「cerebral」「anterior」

「前大脳動脈」

Artery: Anterior cerebral artery
	Outer surface of cerebral hemisphere, showing areas supplied by cerebral arteries. (Blue is region supplied by anterior cerebral artery.)
	The arterial circle and arteries of the brain. The anterior cerebral arteries (top of figure) arise from the trifurcations of the internal carotid arteries into the anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery and posterior communicating artery on each side.
Latin	arteria cerebri anterior
Gray's	subject #146 571
Supplies	cerebrum
Source	internal carotid artery
Vein	cerebral veins
MeSH	Anterior+Cerebral+Artery