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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/05/08 18:43:59」(JST)

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Alfacalcidol (or 1-hydroxycholecalciferol) is an analogue of vitamin D used for supplementation in humans and as a poultry feed additive.

Alfacalcidol has a weaker impact on calcium metabolism^[1] and parathyroid hormone levels^[2] than calcitriol, however alfacalcidol has significant effects on the immune system, including regulatory T cells.^[3] It is considered to be a more useful form of vitamin D supplementation, mostly due to much longer half-life and lower kidney load.^[4] It is the most commonly prescribed vitamin D metabolite for patients with end stage renal disease, given that impaired renal function alters the ability to carry out the second hydroxylation step required for the formation of the physiologically active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Alfacalcidol is an active vitamin D3 metabolite, and therefore does not require the second hydroxylation step in the kidney.^[5]

Used as a poultry feed additive, it prevents tibial dyschondroplasia and increases phytate bioavailability.^[6]^{[original research?]}

Trade names

Pharmaceutical trade names include AlphaD and One-Alpha.

References

^ "Biological effects of various regimes of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (calcidiol) administration on bone mineral metabolism in postmenopausal women". Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 6 (2): 169–173. 2009. PMC 2781231 . PMID 22461169.
^ "Oral calcitriol versus oral alfacalcidol for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients receiving hemodialysis: a randomized, crossover trial". Can J Clin Pharmacol. 15 (1): e36–e43. 2008.
^ Alfacalcidol treatment restores derailed immune-regulation in patients with undifferentiated connective tissue disease, Autoimmunity Reviews, August 2010;
^ "Superiority of alfacalcidol compared to vitamin D plus calcium in lumbar bone mineral density in postmenopausal osteoporosis". Rheumatol Int. 26 (5): 445–53. Mar 2006. doi:10.1007/s00296-005-0073-4. PMID 16283320.
^ "Alfacalcidol in the therapy of renal bone disease.". Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 39: 546–50. Dec 2001. doi:10.5414/cpp39546. PMID 11770836.
^ VDI Product Data

UpToDate Contents

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1. 低カルシウム血症の治療 treatment of hypocalcemia
2. 小児における、慢性腎臓病に伴う骨ミネラル代謝異常（CKD-MBD） pediatric chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder ckd mbd
3. 慢性腎疾患を有する透析前の成人患者における二次性副甲状腺機能亢進症およびミネラル代謝異常のマネージメント management of secondary hyperparathyroidism and mineral metabolism abnormalities in adult predialysis patients with chronic kidney disease
4. 透析患者における二次性副甲状腺機能亢進症およびミネラル代謝異常のマネージメント management of secondary hyperparathyroidism and mineral metabolism abnormalities in dialysis patients
5. 腎移植後の副甲状腺とミネラル代謝 parathyroid and mineral metabolism after renal transplantation

English Journal

Bone effects of vitamin D - Discrepancies between in vivo and in vitro studies.

Suda T, Takahashi F, Takahashi N.SourceResearch Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-1241, Japan.
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.Arch Biochem Biophys.2012 Jul 1;523(1):22-9. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
Vitamin D was discovered as an anti-rachitic agent, but even at present, there is no direct evidence to support the concept that vitamin D directly stimulates osteoblastic bone formation and mineralization. It appears to be paradoxical, but vitamin D functions in the process of osteoclastic bone res
PMID 22107950

Successful treatment of osteomalacia caused by renal tubular acidosis associated with Sjögren's syndrome.

Yamamoto S, Okada Y, Mori H, Hirata S, Saito K, Inokuchi N, Tanaka Y.SourceThe First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
Modern rheumatology / the Japan Rheumatism Association.Mod Rheumatol.2012 Jun 28. [Epub ahead of print]
A 62-year-old woman was diagnosed with severe osteomalacia caused by renal tubular acidosis associated with Sjögren's syndrome. She was treated with sodium bicarbonate, risedronate, alfacalcidol, and prednisolone (1 mg/kg). By 24 months, renal tubular acidosis was improved and the bone density ha
PMID 22740247

Japanese Journal

Effect of eldecalcitol, an active vitamin D analog, on hip structure and biomechanical properties: 3D assessment by clinical CT.

Ito Masako,Nakamura Toshitaka,Fukunaga Masao,Shiraki Masataka,Matsumoto Toshio
Bone 49(3), 328-334, 2011-09
… The subjects - a subgroup of a recent randomized, double-blind study comparing anti-fracture efficacy of ELD with alfacalcidol (ALF) - constituted 193 ambulatory patients with osteoporosis (189 postmenopausal women and 4 men aged 52-85years, average±SD: 70.9±6.92years) enrolled at 11 institutions. …
NAID 120003220727

Effects of alfacalcidol on circulating cytokines and growth factors in rat skeletal muscle

Testerink Janwillem,Jaspers Richard T.,Rittweger Jorn [他]
The journal of physiological sciences 61(6), 525-535, 2011-11
NAID 40019052981

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「アルファカルシドール」「1-hydroxycholecalciferol」

「アルファカルシドール」

Alfacalcidol
Names
	IUPAC name (1R,3S,5Z)-5-[(2E)-2-[(1R,3aS,7aR)-7a-Methyl-1-[(2R)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]-4-methylidenecyclohexane-1,3-diol
	Other names Alphacalcidol; 1-Hydroxycholecalciferol
Identifiers
CAS Number	41294-56-8 ;
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:31186 ;
ChemSpider	4445376 ;
DrugBank	DB01436 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.050.253
KEGG	D01518 ;
PubChem CID	5282181;
UNII	URQ2517572 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C27H44O2/c1-18(2)8-6-9-19(3)24-13-14-25-21(10-7-15-27(24,25)5)11-12-22-16-23(28)17-26(29)20(22)4/h11-12,18-19,23-26,28-29H,4,6-10,13-17H2,1-3,5H3/b21-11+,22-12-/t19-,23-,24-,25+,26+,27-/m1/s1 Key: OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKSA-N ; InChI=1/C27H44O2/c1-18(2)8-6-9-19(3)24-13-14-25-21(10-7-15-27(24,25)5)11-12-22-16-23(28)17-26(29)20(22)4/h11-12,18-19,23-26,28-29H,4,6-10,13-17H2,1-3,5H3/b21-11+,22-12-/t19-,23-,24-,25+,26+,27-/m1/s1 Key: OFHCOWSQAMBJIW-AVJTYSNKBM ;
	SMILES O[C@@H]1CC(\C(=C)[C@@H](O)C1)=C\C=C2/CCC[C@]3([C@H]2CC[C@@H]3[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)C ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C27H44O2
Molar mass	400.64 g/mol
Pharmacology
ATC code	A11CC03 (WHO)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references