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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/14 11:00:55」(JST)

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Leukotriene E4 is a cysteinyl leukotriene involved in inflammation. It is known to be produced by several types of white blood cells, including eosinophils, mast cells, tissue macrophages, and basophils, and recently was also found to be produced by platelets adhering to neutrophils.^[1] It is formed from the sequential conversion of LTC4 to LTD4 and then to LTE4, which is the final and most stable cysteinyl leukotriene.^[2] Compared to the short half lives of LTC4 and LTD4, LTE4 is relatively stable and accumulates in breath condensation, in plasma, and in urine, making it the dominate cysteinyl leukotriene detected in biologic fluids.^[3] Therefore, measurements of LTE4, especially in the urine, are commonly monitored in clinical research studies.

Increased production and excretion of LTE4 has been linked to several respiratory diseases, and urinary LTE4 levels are increased during severe asthma attacks and are especially high in people with Aspirin-induced asthma, also known as Samter’s Triad or aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD).^[4]

Studies have suggested that LTE4 works through its own distinct receptor, and although one has not yet been discovered, research is ongoing to isolated and characterize an LTE4-specific receptor.^[5]^[6]

Eicosanoid synthesis. (Leukotrienes at right.)

References[edit]

^ Laidlaw TM, Kidder MS, Bhattacharyya N, Xing W, Shen S, Milne GL, Castells MC, Chhay H, Boyce JA (2012). "Cysteinyl leukotriene overproduction in aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease is driven by platelet-adherent leukocytes". Blood 119 (16): 3790–3798. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-10-384826. PMC 3335383. PMID 22262771.
^ Lee CW, Lewis RA, Corey EJ, Austen KF (1983). "Conversion of leukotriene D4 to leukotriene E4 by a dipeptidase released from the specific granule of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes". Immunology 48 (1): 27–35. PMC 1453997. PMID 6293969.
^ Sala A, Voelkel N, Maclouf J, Murphy RC (1990). "Leukotriene E4 elimination and metabolism in normal human subjects". J Biol Chem 265 (35): 21771–21778. PMID 2174886.
^ Lee TH, Christie PE (1993). "Leukotrienes and aspirin induced asthma". Thorax 48 (12): 1189–1190. doi:10.1136/thx.48.12.1189. PMC 464963. PMID 8303620.
^ Maekawa A, Kanaoka Y, Xing W; Kanaoka; Xing; Austen (2008). "Functional recognition of a distinct receptor preferential for leukotriene E4 in mice lacking the cysteinyl leukotriene 1 and 2 receptors". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105 (43): 16695–16700. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10516695M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0808993105. PMC 2575482. PMID 18931305.
^ Paruchuri, S; Tashimo, H; Feng, C; Maekawa, A; Xing, W; Jiang, Y; Kanaoka, Y; Conley, P; Boyce, JA (2009). "Leukotriene E4-induced pulmonary inflammation is mediated by the P2Y12 receptor". The Journal of experimental medicine 206 (11): 2543–55. doi:10.1084/jem.20091240. PMC 2768854. PMID 19822647.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 喘息の治療において5-リポキシゲナーゼ経路に影響する薬剤 agents affecting the 5 lipoxygenase pathway in the treatment of asthma
2. 肥満細胞由来のメディエーター mast cell derived mediators
3. 好酸球の生物学および好酸球増多症の原因 eosinophil biology and causes of eosinophilia
4. 12歳未満の小児における慢性喘息：持続性喘息の治療およびコントロール薬 asthma in children younger than 12 years treatment of persistent asthma with controller medications
5. 喘息のマネージメントの概要 an overview of asthma management

English Journal

Lack of effect of common single nucleotide polymorphisms in leukotriene pathway genes on platelet reactivity in patients with diabetes.

Rosiak M, Postula M, Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Kondracka A, Trzepla E, Zaremba M, Filipiak KJ, Kosior DA, Czlonkowski A, Opolski G, Janicki PK.SourceDepartment of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02‑927, Poland.
Molecular medicine reports.Mol Med Rep.2013 Sep;8(3):853-60. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1567. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of genetic polymorphisms in candidate genes within the leukotriene (LT) pathway on platelet reactivity and the concentration of selected LTs in diabetic patients treated with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). The study cohort consisted of 287 C
PMID 23828562

Leukotriene receptor antagonists, LY293111 and ONO-1078, protect neurons from the sPLA2-IB-induced neuronal cell death independently of blocking their receptors.

Yagami T, Yamamoto Y, Kohma H.SourceFaculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, 2-1, kami-ohno 7-Chome, Himeji, Hyogo 670-8524, Japan. yagami@himeji-du.ac.jp
Neurochemistry international.Neurochem Int.2013 Sep;63(3):163-71. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.06.009. Epub 2013 Jun 19.
In the ischemic brain, leukotrienes (LTs) are increased and their receptor antagonists protect neurons. However, it has not yet been sufficiently clarified how antagonists for LT receptors exhibit neuroprotective effects. In the present study, we evaluated protective effects of receptor antagonists
PMID 23792223

Isotope-dilution UPLC-MS/MS determination of cell-secreted bioactive lipids.

Meyer AF, Thompson JW, Wang Y, Koseoglu S, Dalluge JJ, Haynes CL.SourceUniversity of Minnesota, Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. chaynes@umn.edu jdalluge@umn.edu.
The Analyst.Analyst.2013 Aug 27;138(19):5697-705. doi: 10.1039/c3an00875d.
Secreted bioactive lipids play critical roles in cell-to-cell communication and have been implicated in inflammatory immune responses such as anaphylaxis, vasodilation, and bronchoconstriction. Analysis of secreted bioactive lipids can be challenging due to their relatively short lifetimes and struc
PMID 23923125

Japanese Journal

O63-4 ヒト気道上皮におけるLTE4受容体の発現と機能(気道上皮細胞・ケラチノサイト2,口演,第62回日本アレルギー学会秋季学術大会)

白崎英明,才川悦子,関伸彦,菊池めぐみ,氷見徹夫
アレルギー 61(9・10), 1549, 2012-10-25
NAID 110009621101

P5-8-6 家族内発症したウェステルマン肺吸虫症の2例における尿中LTE4とECP値の検討(P5-8その他,一般演題,第22回日本アレルギー学会春季臨床大会)

森田あかね,石田明,駒瀬裕子,本間千絵,東憲孝,山口裕礼,三田晴久,宮澤輝臣
アレルギー 59(3・4), 462, 2010-04-10
NAID 110008015696

P24 アスピリン喘息7例のエトドラク内服試験における尿中LTE4の検討(GERD,アスピリン喘息,第20回日本アレルギー学会春季臨床大会)

磯谷澄都,井水ひろみ,米田有希子,清水秀康,星野多美,内山康裕,竹内保雄,戸谷嘉孝,齋藤雄二,岡澤光芝,榊原博樹
アレルギー 57(3・4), 386, 2008-04-30
NAID 110006894081

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ロイコトリエン」「leukotriene E」「leukotriene E4」「ロイコトリエンE4」
関連記事	「LT」

「ロイコトリエン」

Leukotriene E4
	Systematic name (5S,6R,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-6-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)sulfanyl-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid
Identifiers
Abbreviations	LTE4
CAS number	75715-89-8
PubChem	5280749
ChemSpider	4444402
KEGG	C05952
MeSH	Leukotriene+E4
ChEBI	CHEBI:15650
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES CCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C=C\C=C\[C@H]([C@H](CCCC(=O)O)O)SCC(C(=O)O)N ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C23H37NO5S/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-16-21(30-18-19(24)23(28)29)20(25)15-14-17-22(26)27/h6-7,9-13,16,19-21,25H,2-5,8,14-15,17-18,24H2,1H3,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)/b7-6-,10-9-,12-11+,16-13+/t19?,20-,21+/m0/s1; Key: OTZRAYGBFWZKMX-MPWKMEBCSA-N ;
Properties
Molecular formula	C23H37NO5S
Molar mass	439.61 g mol−1
	Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C (77 °F), 100 kPa)
	Infobox references

　　[★]

英: leukotriene, LT
関: アラキドン酸、5-リポキシゲナーゼ

合成

ホスホリパーゼA₂の作用によりホスファチジルコリンから遊離したアラキドン酸から合成される。

アラキドン酸→LTA4→LTB4

白血球遊走

アラキドン酸→LTA4→LTC4→LTD4→LTE4

気管支平滑筋収縮、細動脈収縮、血管透過性亢進

構造

二重結合を複数持つ不飽和脂肪酸。トリエン構造

種類

ロイコトリエンA₄	ロイコトリエンB₄とロイコトリエンC₄の前駆物質
ロイコトリエンB₄	chemotaxis
ロイコトリエンC₄	気管支収縮、血管拡張、血管透過性亢進、ロイコトリエンD₄の前駆物質
ロイコトリエンD₄	気管支収縮、血管拡張、血管透過性亢進、ロイコトリエンE₄の前駆物質
ロイコトリエンE₄	気管支収縮、血管拡張、血管透過性亢進