関: GTPgammaS、Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)

WordNet

a unit of magnetic field strength equal to one-hundred-thousandth of an oersted
the 3rd letter of the Greek alphabet
the 19th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)s
a herd of whales
the 7th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)g

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ガンマ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第3字Γ,γ;英語のG,gに相当)
sulfurの化学記号 / {略}South[ern]
(特に女性の)魅力的な脚,すんなりした脚

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/02 21:29:20」(JST)

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GTPgammaS (GTPγS, guanosine 5'-O-[gamma-thio]triphosphate) is a non-hydrolyzable or slowly-hydrolyzable G-protein-activating analog of guanosine triphosphate (GTP). Many GTP binding proteins demonstrate activity when bound to GTP, and are inactivated via the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond that links the γ-phosphate to the remainder of the nucleotide, leaving a bound guanosine diphosphate (GDP) and releasing an inorganic phosphate. This usually occurs rapidly, and the GTP binding protein can then only be activated by exchanging the GDP for a new GTP molecule. The substitution of sulfur for one of the oxygens of the γ-phosphate of GTP creates a nucleotide that either cannot be hydrolyzed or is only slowly hydrolyzed. This prevents the GTP binding proteins from being inactivated, and allows the cellular processes that they carry out when active to be more easily studied. The consequences of the constitutive activation of GTP binding proteins include stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation or elimination, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes. The ³⁵S labelled radioligand of the compound, ³⁵SGTPγS, is used in autoradiography and G-protein binding studies.

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1. 胆汁うっ滞系酵素の測定（アルカリホスファターゼ、5' -ヌクレオチダーゼ、γ-グルタミルトランスペプチダーゼなど） enzymatic measures of cholestasis eg alkaline phosphatase 5 nucleotidase gamma glutamyl transpeptidase
2. 肝酵素および肝機能検査値の異常が認められた患者に対するアプローチ approach to the patient with abnormal liver biochemical and function tests
3. Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-uninfected adults
4. Treatment of moderate to severe dry eye in Sjögren's syndrome treatment of moderate to severe dry eye in sjogrens syndrome
5. 抗酸菌易感染性を示すメンデル型遺伝性疾患：特異的な遺伝子異常 mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases specific defects

English Journal

G protein modulation of K2P potassium channel TASK-2 : A role of basic residues in the C terminus domain.

Añazco C, Peña-Münzenmayer G, Araya C, Cid LP, Sepúlveda FV, Niemeyer MI.SourceCentro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Avenida Arturo Prat 514, Valdivia, Chile.
Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology.Pflugers Arch.2013 Dec;465(12):1715-26. doi: 10.1007/s00424-013-1314-0. Epub 2013 Jun 28.
TASK-2 (K2P5.1) is a background K(+) channel opened by extra- or intracellular alkalinisation that plays a role in renal bicarbonate handling, central chemoreception and cell volume regulation. Here, we present results that suggest that TASK-2 is also modulated by Gβγ subunits of heterotrimeric G
PMID 23812165

β-Arrestin 2 knockout mice exhibit sensitized dopamine release and increased reward in response to a low dose of alcohol.

Björk K, Tronci V, Thorsell A, Tanda G, Hirth N, Heilig M, Hansson AC, Sommer WH.SourceTranslational Neuropharmacology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, karl.bjork@ki.se.
Psychopharmacology.Psychopharmacology (Berl).2013 Dec;230(3):439-49. doi: 10.1007/s00213-013-3166-x. Epub 2013 Jun 19.
RATIONALE: The rewarding effects of alcohol have been attributed to interactions between opioid and dopaminergic system within the mesolimbic reward pathway. We have previously shown that ablation of β-arrestin 2 (Arrb2), a crucial regulator of μ-opioid receptor function, attenuates alcohol-induce
PMID 23779257

Muscarinic modulation of high frequency oscillations in pedunculopontine neurons.

Kezunovic N, Hyde J, Goitia B, Bisagno V, Urbano FJ, Garcia-Rill E.SourceDepartment of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock, AR , USA.
Frontiers in neurology.Front Neurol.2013 Nov 6;4:176. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2013.00176.
We previously reported that persistent application of the non-specific cholinergic agonist carbachol (CAR) increased the frequency of calcium channel-mediated oscillatory activity in pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) neurons, which we identified as dependent on voltage-gated, high-threshold P/Q-type ch
PMID 24223570

Japanese Journal

VAMP-2 and cellubrevin are expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and are essential for Ca(2+)-but not for GTP gamma S-induced insulin secretion

REGAZZI R
EMBO J 14, 2723-2730, 1995
NAID 80008360098

Involvement of rho in GTP gamma S-induced enhancement of phosphorylation of 20 kDa myosin light chain in vascular smooth muscle cells : inhibition of phosphatase activity

NODA M
FEBS Lett 367, 246-250, 1995
NAID 30002583621

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「GTPgammaS」「Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)」
関連記事	「GTP」「G」「S」「gamma」

「GTPgammaS」

GTPgammaS
	IUPAC name [(2S,3R,4S,5S)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-3H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydroxyphosphinothioyl hydrogen phosphate
Identifiers
CAS number	37589-80-3
PubChem	37792
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES S=P(O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OC[C@H]3O[C@@H](n1cnc2c1NC(=N/C2=O)\N)[C@H](O)[C@@H]3O ;
	InChI InChI=1/C10H16N5O13P3S/c11-10-13-7-4(8(18)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(17)5(16)3(26-9)1-25-29(19,20)27-30(21,22)28-31(23,24)32/h2-3,5-6,9,16-17H,1H2,(H,19,20)(H,21,22)(H2,23,24,32)(H3,11,13,14,18)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1; Key: XOFLBQFBSOEHOG-UUOKFMHZBU ;
Properties
Molecular formula	C10H16N5O13P3S
Molar mass	539.25 g mol−1
	(verify) (what is: /?); Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
	Infobox references