WordNet

a modified bud consisting of a thickened globular underground stem serving as a reproductive structure
anything with a round shape resembling a teardrop
a rounded part of a cylindrical instrument (usually at one end); "the bulb of a syringe"
a rounded dilation or expansion in a canal or vessel or organ
any of a variety of loose fitting cloaks extending to the hips or knees
an enveloping or covering membrane or layer of body tissue (同)tunica, adventitia
a transparent lubricating mucous membrane that covers the eyeball and the under surface of the eyelid

PrepTutorEJDIC

『球根』(ユり・タマネギなどの地下茎),りん(鱗)茎,球茎 / 球根状のもの;電球,真空管
チュニカ(古代ギリシア・ローマで男女が用いたひざまである半そでまたはそでなしの上着) / (ゆったりしたそでなしの)チューニック(婦人用スポーツ服,女子学生の制服などに用いる) / 《英》軍人・警官などが制服として着る一種の上着

UpToDate Contents

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1. ペイロニー病の外科的マネージメント surgical management of peyronies disease
2. 結核と眼 tuberculosis and the eye
3. コンタクトレンズの合併症 complications of contact lenses
4. 小児および思春期における陰嚢損傷 scrotal trauma in children and adolescents
5. 外傷性前房出血：疫学、解剖学、および病態生理 traumatic hyphema epidemiology anatomy and pathophysiology

English Journal

[Nanopathology as a new scientific disciplineMinireview].

Dvořáčková J, Bielniková H, Mačák J.AbstractThe detection of metal particles in the pathologically altered tissues (eg. in inflammatory lesions or tumors) led to the idea that they might be associated with emergence of some idiopathic diseases. To understand the etiopathogenesis of diseases associated with the presence of nanoparticles in the tissue there is a new area of patology - nanopathology. Numerous studies have shown that nanoparticles can enter the human body through inhalation or ingestion. Through the pulmonary alveoli, skin and intestinal mucosa, the nanoparticles may reach the blood and lymphatic system, which subsequently distributes them to other target organs. Epithelial surfaces of conjunctiva and skin represent another potential way of penetration of nanoparticles into the body. There is a number of studies, which described the adverse effects of ultrafine particles on respiratory and cardiovascular system. Recent studies have also shown that some nanoparticles are able to pass through the pores of the nuclear membrane, where they may pose a risk of damage to cells and genetic information and they are also potentially capable to cross the placental and hematoencephalic barriers. Further, their role in the induction of oxidative stress is significant in relation to the mutagenesis. Scanning electron microscopy with energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) represents a suitable tool for identification of metal-based particles in tissues and body fluids. Importance of nanopathogy can be seen in the elucidation of the etiopathogenesis of many diseases, not only of respiratory and cardiovascular systems, but also of many other organ systems. Keywords: nanoparticles - nanopathology - diseases of nanoparticles (nanopathologies) - ESEM-EDS.
Ceskoslovenská patologie.Cesk Patol.2013 Dec;49(1):46-50.
The detection of metal particles in the pathologically altered tissues (eg. in inflammatory lesions or tumors) led to the idea that they might be associated with emergence of some idiopathic diseases. To understand the etiopathogenesis of diseases associated with the presence of nanoparticles in the
PMID 23432076

Trends in the incidence of cancer in the black population of Harare, Zimbabwe 1991-2010.

Chokunonga E, Borok MZ, Chirenje ZM, Nyakabau AM, Parkin DM.SourceZimbabwe National Cancer Registry, P.O. Box A449, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe.
International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer.Int J Cancer.2013 Aug 1;133(3):721-9. doi: 10.1002/ijc.28063. Epub 2013 Mar 4.
Incidence rates of different cancers have been calculated for the black population of Harare, Zimbabwe for a 20-year period (1991-2010) coinciding with continuing social and lifestyle changes, and the peak, and subsequent wane, of the HIV-AIDS epidemic. The overall risk of cancer increased during th
PMID 23364833

Topical chemotherapy for ocular surface squamous neoplasia.

Nanji AA, Sayyad FE, Karp CL.SourceBascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Current opinion in ophthalmology.Curr Opin Ophthalmol.2013 Jul;24(4):336-42. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e3283622a13.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is an umbrella term for a spectrum of epithelial dysplasias of the cornea, conjunctiva, and limbus. Treatment for OSSN has historically been surgery, but nonsurgical interventions have been increasingly adopted. Advantages of medical treatm
PMID 23680759