tophaceous

• adj.

(痛風)結節性の

関

nodal、nodosity、nodular、tubercular

WordNet

1. relating to tuberculosis or those suffering from it; "a tubercular hospital"
2. constituting or afflicted with or caused by tuberculosis or the tubercle bacillus; "a tubercular child"; "tuberculous patients"; "tubercular meningitis" (同)tuberculous
3. characterized by the presence of tuberculosis lesions or tubercles; "tubercular leprosy"
4. pertaining to or of the nature of a normal tuberosity or tubercle; "a tubercular process for the attachment of a ligament or muscle"
5. relating to or characterized by or having nodules; "Nodular vaginitis"
6. having nodules or occurring in the form of nodules; "nodular ores" (同)nodulated, noduled

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 結節のある,結節状の / (また tuberculous)結核の,結核性の
2. 節(ふし)の[ような]
3. 節(こぶ)の[ような]

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/27 09:45:08」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Tophus (Harrison Syndrome)
A tophus on the elbow of a middle aged man with chronic gout
Classification and external resources
ICD-9-CM	274.0
DiseasesDB	29389

A tophus (Latin: "stone", plural tophi) is a deposit of uric acid crystals, in the form of monosodium urate crystals, in people with longstanding hyperuricemia (high levels of uric acid in the blood). Tophi are pathognomonic for the disease gout. Most people with tophi have had previous attacks of acute arthritis, eventually leading to the formation of tophi. Chronic tophaceous gout is known as Harrison Syndrome.

Tophi form in the joints, cartilage, bones, and other places throughout the body. Sometimes, tophi break through the skin and appear as white or yellowish-white, chalky nodules. Without treatment, tophi may develop on average about ten years after the onset of gout, although their first appearance can range from three to forty-two years. The development of gouty tophi can also limit joint function and cause bone destruction, leading to noticeable disabilities, especially when gout cannot successfully be treated. When uric acid levels and gout symptoms cannot be controlled with standard gout medicines that decrease the production of uric acid (e.g., allopurinol, febuxostat) or increase uric acid elimination from the body through the kidneys (e.g., probenecid), this can be referred to as refractory chronic gout (RCG). They are more apt to appear early in the course of the disease in people who are older.

Although less common, tophi can also form in the kidneys and nasal cartilage.

Additional images

• Micrograph of a gouty tophus

• A tophus inside a knee joint being removed by arthroscopic surgery

See also

• Chondrocalcinosis (pseudogout)

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 痛風患者への尿酸生成抑制薬の投与と痛風結節の治療 pharmacologic urate lowering therapy and treatment of tophi in patients with gout
• 2. 痛風の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of gout
• 3. 変形性関節症の臨床症状と診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of osteoarthritis
• 4. 痛風の病態生理 pathophysiology of gout
• 5. 尿酸による腎疾患 uric acid renal diseases

English Journal

• Tendon involvement in the feet of patients with gout: a dual-energy CT study.

• Dalbeth N, Kalluru R, Aati O, Horne A, Doyle AJ, McQueen FM.SourceBone and Joint Research Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, , Auckland, New Zealand.
• Annals of the rheumatic diseases.Ann Rheum Dis.2013 Sep 1;72(9):1545-8. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-202786. Epub 2013 Jan 19.
• OBJECTIVES: To examine the frequency and patterns of monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition in tendons and ligaments in patients with gout using dual-energy CT (DECT).METHODS: Ninety-two patients with tophaceous gout had DECT scanning of both feet. Two readers scored the DECT scans for MSU crysta
• PMID 23334212

• Crystal arthritis: Intensive urate-lowering therapy improves structural joint damage in patients with tophaceous gout.

• Buckland J.
• Nature reviews. Rheumatology.Nat Rev Rheumatol.2013 Sep;9(9):506. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2013.120. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
• PMID 23897441

• Primary care providers' knowledge, beliefs and treatment practices for gout: results of a physician questionnaire.

• Harrold LR, Mazor KM, Negron A, Ogarek J, Firneno C, Yood RA.SourceDepartment of Orthopedics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. leslie.harrold@umassmed.edu.
• Rheumatology (Oxford, England).Rheumatology (Oxford).2013 Sep;52(9):1623-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket158. Epub 2013 Apr 25.
• Objective. We sought to examine primary care providers' gout knowledge and reported treatment patterns in comparison with current treatment recommendations. Methods. We conducted a national survey of a random sample of US primary care physicians to assess their treatment of acute, intercritical and
• PMID 23620554

Japanese Journal

• 症例 腓骨頭周囲に発生した結節性偽痛風の1例

• 臨床放射線 61(3), 477-481, 2016-03
• NAID 40020767473

• 屈筋腱内に生じた多発痛風結節により手根管症候群および手指ロッキング現象を生じた1例

• 中部日本整形外科災害外科学会雑誌 59(4), 817-818, 2016
• NAID 130005352186

• 多発関節炎を呈した慢性結節性痛風の高齢男性

• 日本老年医学会雑誌 52(4), 415-420, 2015
• NAID 130005116896

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「nodal」「tubercular」「nodular」「結節性」「nodosity」

「nodal」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 結節性の、結節状の、結節型の、節の

関

clause、ganglia、ganglion、ganglionic、knot、node、nodosity、nodular、section、tophaceous、tubercular、varicose

　

「tubercular」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 結節性の、結節の

関

nodal、node、nodose、nodosity、nodular、nodulate、tophaceous、tubercle、tuberosity

　 　 　 　 　

「nodular」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 結節状の、結節性の、小結節の、結節型の

関

nodal、nodosity、nodule、tophaceous、tubercular、varicose

　 　 　

「結節性」

　　[★]

英

nodosity、nodal、nodular、tubercular、tophaceous

関

結節、結節型、結節状、小結節、節

「nodosity」

　　[★]

• n.

• 結節性

関

nodal、nodular、tophaceous、tubercular