WordNet

of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
one of greater rank or station or quality (同)higher-up, superordinate
the head of a religious community
(often followed by `to'
(sometimes followed by `to'
having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earths orbit; "Mars and Jupiter are the closest in of the superior planets"
of high or superior quality or performance; "superior wisdom derived from experience"; "superior math students"
become tight or as if tight; "Her throat constricted" (同)constringe, narrow
any of various large nonvenomous snakes that kill their prey by crushing it in its coils
a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth

PrepTutorEJDIC

(程度・質が)『普通(平均)以上に優れた』,優秀な / (地位・階級などが)『上位の』,上級の,目上の / (数量的に)勝る,優勢な / (用動が)偉ぶった,高慢な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…に)屈しない,動じない《+to+名》 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(動・植物の器官や部分が)上位の,上についている / (地位・階級などが)『上位の人』,上役,上司,先輩 / 『いっそう優れた人』 / 《しばしば S-》修道院長
〈物など〉'を'締めつける,圧縮する
括役筋・周縮筋 / 獲物を締め殺ず大蛇(ぼあなと)
スペリオル湖(lake~;北米五大湖中で最北最大のもの)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/02/13 09:11:32」(JST)

wiki en

The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a muscle in the pharynx. It is the highest located muscle of the three pharyngeal constrictors. The muscle is a quadrilateral muscle, thinner and paler than the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle.

The muscle can divided into four parts: A pterygopharyngeal, buccopharyngeal, myolopharyngeal and a glossopharyngeal part.

Origin and insertion

The four parts of this muscle arise from:
- the lower third of the posterior margin of the medial pterygoid plate and its hamulus (Pterygopharyngeal part)
- from the pterygomandibular raphe (Buccopharyngeal part)
- from the alveolar process of the mandible above the posterior end of the mylohyoid line (Myolopharyngeal part)
- and by a few fibers from the side of the tongue (Glossopharyngeal part)

The fibers curve backward to be inserted into the median raphe, being also prolonged by means of an aponeurosis to the pharyngeal spine on the basilar part of the occipital bone.

The superior fibers arch beneath the levator veli palatini muscle and the Eustachian tube.

Relations

The interval between the upper border of the muscle and the base of the skull is closed by the pharyngeal aponeurosis, and is known as the sinus of Morgagni.

Action

As soon as the bolus of food is received in the pharynx, the elevator muscles relax, the pharynx descends, and the constrictors contract upon the bolus, and convey it downward into the esophagus.

Innervation

The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is innervated by the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus.

Additional images

Occipital bone seen from outside
Inner surface of the Mandible seen from the side.
The internal carotid and vertebral arteries. Right side.
Muscles of the palate seen from behind.
Dissection of the pharyngeal constrictors
Deep dissection of the floor of mouth. Anterior view.
Deep dissection of larynx, pharynx and tongue seen from behind

References

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

External links

26869838 at GPnotebook
Origin, insertion and nerve supply of the muscle at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine
lesson8 at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (latpharyngealitems3)
Anatomy diagram: 05287.011-1 at Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, Elsevier

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 頭頸部癌患者における下顎および口蓋再建 mandibular and palatal reconstruction in patients with head and neck cancer
2. 外反母趾変形（バニオン） hallux valgus deformity bunion
3. 新生児の神経学的検査 neurologic examination of the newborn
4. 運動誘発性気管支収縮 exercise induced bronchoconstriction
5. The "choking game" and other strangulation activities in children and adolescents

English Journal

Nerve fiber analysis on the morphology of the lingual nerve.

Takezawa K1, Kageyama I.
Anatomical science international.Anat Sci Int.2015 Sep;90(4):298-302. doi: 10.1007/s12565-014-0267-5. Epub 2014 Dec 3.
The route of fine fascicles of nerve fibers in the lingual nerve was clarified. Contemporary anatomy textbooks describe the lingual nerve as supplying sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the presulcal part of the tongue, the floor and side wall of the mouth, and the mandibular gums. In add
PMID 25467528

Spatial relationship between the palatopharyngeus and the superior constrictor of the pharynx.

Sakamoto Y1.
Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA.Surg Radiol Anat.2015 Aug;37(6):649-55. doi: 10.1007/s00276-015-1444-5. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
PURPOSE: The palatopharyngeus and the superior constrictor act during swallowing. However, because they overlap one another, their morphologies have been controversial. This study examined these muscles to clarify their configuration and interrelationships.METHODS: The attachments and the fiber arra
PMID 25669143

Optimum AT1 receptor-neprilysin inhibition has superior cardioprotective effects compared with AT1 receptor blockade alone in hypertensive rats.

Roksnoer LC1, van Veghel R1, de Vries R1, Garrelds IM1, Bhaggoe UM1, Friesema EC1, Leijten FP1, Poglitsch M2, Domenig O3, Clahsen-van Groningen MC4, Hoorn EJ5, Jan Danser AH1, Batenburg WW1.
Kidney international.Kidney Int.2015 Jul;88(1):109-20. doi: 10.1038/ki.2015.107. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Neprilysin inhibitors prevent the breakdown of bradykinin and natriuretic peptides, promoting vasodilation and natriuresis. However, they also increase angiotensin II and endothelin-1. Here we studied the effects of a low and a high dose of the neprilysin inhibitor thiorphan on top of AT1 receptor b
PMID 25830765

Japanese Journal

第2鰓溝の遺残による内瘻孔が原因であった扁桃周囲および深頸部膿瘍の1例

日本気管食道科学会会報 66(1), 40-45, 2015
NAID 130004915941

Newly identified thin membranous tissue in the deep infratemporal region

Anatomical science international 87(3), 136-140, 2012-09-01
NAID 10031167930

外側咽頭後リンパ節転移を生じた頬粘膜癌の2例と本邦報告例に関する文献的考察

日本口腔腫瘍学会誌 22(3), 107-114, 2010-09-15
NAID 10029089518

「上咽頭収縮筋」

Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle
	Muscles of the pharynx and cheek.
	Muscles of the pharynx, viewed from behind, together with the associated vessels and nerves.
Details
Latin	Musculus constrictor pharyngis superior
Origin	Medial pterygoid plate, pterygomandibular raphé, alveolar process
Insertion	Pharyngeal raphe, pharyngeal tubercle
Artery	Ascending pharyngeal artery and tonsillar branch of facial artery
Nerve	Pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve
Actions	Swallowing
Identifiers
Gray's	p.1143
Dorlands; /Elsevier	m_22/12548650
TA	A05.3.01.103
FMA	46621
	Anatomical terms of muscle