WordNet

abnormal narrowing of a bodily canal or passageway (同)stricture
a narrowing that reduces the flow through a channel (同)bottleneck, chokepoint
the action or process of compressing
tight or narrow compression (同)coarctation
a tight feeling in some part of the body; "he felt a constriction in her chest"; "she felt an alarming tightness in her chest"; "emotion caused a constriction of his throat" (同)tightness
become tight or as if tight; "Her throat constricted" (同)constringe, narrow
severe criticism

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉締めつけること,圧縮・〈U〉(胸などが)締めつけられる感じ / 〈C〉締めつけるもの
締めつける,圧縮する
〈物など〉'を'締めつける,圧縮する
《しばしば複数形で》(…についての)非難,酷評《+on(upon)+名》 / (管状器官の)狭窄

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/16 12:47:24」(JST)

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A stenosis (/stəˈnoʊsəs/;^[1]^[2] plural: stenoses, /stəˈnoʊˌsiːs/) (from Ancient Greek στένωσις, "narrowing") is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure. It is also sometimes called a stricture (as in urethral stricture).^[3] The term coarctation is a synonym,^[4] but is commonly used only in the context of aortic coarctation.

Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis after a procedure.

Diagnosis

Stenoses of the vascular type are often associated with unusual blood sounds resulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This sound can be made audible by a stethoscope, but diagnosis is generally made or confirmed with some form of medical imaging.

Causes

atherosclerosis causes stenotic lesions in arteries.
birth defects
diabetes
iatrogenic, e.g. secondary to radiation therapy
infection
inflammation
ischemia
neoplasm – in such cases, the stenosis is often said to be "malignant" or "benign", although this attribute actually refers to the neoplasm itself.
smoking
ureteral
urethral

Types

The resulting syndrome depends on the structure affected.

Examples of vascular stenotic lesions include:

Intermittent claudication (peripheral artery stenosis)
Angina (coronary artery stenosis)
Carotid artery stenosis which predispose to (strokes and transient ischaemic episodes)
Renal artery stenosis

The types of stenoses in heart valves are:

Pulmonary valve stenosis
Mitral stenosis
Tricuspid valve stenosis
Aortic valve stenosis

Stenoses/strictures of other bodily structures/organs include:

Pyloric stenosis (gastric outflow obstruction)
Lumbar, cervical or thoracic spinal stenosis
Subglottic stenosis (SGS)
Tracheal stenosis
Obstructive jaundice (biliary tract stenosis)
Bowel obstruction
Phimosis
Non-communicating hydrocephalus
Stenosing tenosynovitis

References

Notes

^ OED 2nd edition, 1989, as /stɪ'nəʊsɪs/.
^ Entry "stenosis" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
^ "Dorlands Medical Dictionary:stenosis". www.mercksource.com. http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands_split.jsp?pg=/ppdocs/us/common/dorlands/dorland/seven/000100588.htm#000100588. Retrieved 2010-05-05.
^ "coarctation" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

External links

Tracheal Stenosis Audio and Video

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Safety of early carotid artery stenting after systemic thrombolysis: a single center experience.

Sallustio F, Koch G, Rocco A, Rossi C, Pampana E, Gandini R, Meschini A, Diomedi M, Stanzione P, Di Legge S.SourceDepartment of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Stroke Unit, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Stroke research and treatment.Stroke Res Treat.2012;2012:904575. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
Background. Patients with acute ischemic stroke due to internal carotid artery (ICA) disease are at high risk of early stroke recurrence. A combination of IV thrombolysis and early carotid artery stenting (CAS) may result in more effective secondary stroke prevention. Objective. We tested safety and
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Tracheoesophageal fistula with tracheal stenosis resulting from retained esophageal foreign body.

Ahn D, Heo SJ, Park JH, Sohn JH.SourceDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Auris, nasus, larynx.Auris Nasus Larynx.2011 Dec;38(6):753-6. Epub 2011 Feb 12.
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PMID 21320762

Japanese Journal

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