関: pachydermoperiostosis

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of first rank or importance or value; direct and immediate rather than secondary; "primary goals"; "a primary effect"; "primary sources"; "a primary interest"
a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen (同)primary_election
one of the main flight feathers projecting along the outer edge of a birds wing (同)primary feather, primary quill
(astronomy) a celestial body (especially a star) relative to other objects in orbit around it
not derived from or reducible to something else; basic; "a primary instinct"

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『第一の』,『主要な』 / 『初期の』,『初等の』,初級の / 『根本的な』,基本的な,本来の,直接的な / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(回路・コイル・巻き・電流などが)一次の / 原色(三原色の一つ) / 《米》=primary election

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/13 19:05:07」(JST)

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A periosteal reaction is the formation of new bone in response to injury or other stimuli of the periosteum surrounding the bone.^[1] It is most often identified on X-ray films of the bones.

Etiology

Examples of periosteal reactive bone in selected specimens of Triceratops

A periosteal reaction can result from a large number of causes, including injury and chronic irritation due to a medical condition such as hypertrophic osteopathy, bone healing in response to fracture, chronic stress injuries, subperiosteal hematomas, osteomyelitis, and cancer of the bone. It may also occur as part of thyroid acropachy, a severe sign of the autoimmune thyroid disorder Grave's disease.

Other causes include Menkes kinky hair syndrome and hypervitaminosis A.^[2]

It can take about three weeks to appear.^[3]

Diagnosis

The morphological appearance can be helpful in determining the cause of a periosteal reaction (for example, if other features of periostitis are present), but is usually not enough to be definitive. Diagnosis can be helped by establishing if bone formation is localized to a specific point or generalized to a broad area. The appearance of the adjacent bone will give clues as to which of these is the most likely cause.

Appearances include solid, laminated, spiculated, and Codman's triangle.^[4]

References

^ Ved N, Haller JO (November 2002). "Periosteal reaction with normal-appearing underlying bone: a child abuse mimicker". Emerg Radiol 9 (5): 278–82. doi:10.1007/s10140-002-0252-5. PMID 15290554.
^ Wood W. Lovell; Robert B. Winter; Raymond T. Morrissy; Stuart L. Weinstein (2006). Lovell and Winter's pediatric orthopaedics. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 196–. ISBN 978-0-7817-5358-6. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
^ Francis A. Burgener; Martti Kormano; Tomi Pudas (23 November 2005). Bone and Joint Disorders. Thieme. pp. 41–. ISBN 978-1-58890-445-4. Retrieved 15 April 2010.
^ Richard H. Daffner (1 February 2007). Clinical radiology: the essentials. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 405–. ISBN 978-0-7817-9968-3. Retrieved 15 April 2010.

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English Journal

Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: ultrasound and MRI findings.

Adams B1, Amin T2, Leone V2, Wood M2, Kraft JK3.
Pediatric radiology.Pediatr Radiol.2016 Mar 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy is a rare genetic disorder related to failures in prostaglandin metabolism. Patients present with joint pain, limb enlargement, skin thickening and finger clubbing. Radiographs show characteristic periosteal reaction and thickening along the long bones. We prese
PMID 26939972

Successful treatment of pachydermoperiostosis with etoricoxib in a patient with a homozygous splice-site mutation in the SLCO2A1 gene.

Li ZT1, Wang D1, Wang S1.
The British journal of dermatology.Br J Dermatol.2016 Feb 15. doi: 10.1111/bjd.14480. [Epub ahead of print]
Pachydermoperiostosis (PDP), also named primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO: MIM 167100), is a rare genetic disease characterized by 3 major symptoms: pachydermia including cutis verticis gyrata (CVG), periostosis, and digital clubbing. Additional clinical signs and symptoms include seborrhei
PMID 26875533

Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Correlates With Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy.

Rotas I1, Cito G2, Letovanec I3, Christodoulou M2, Perentes JY4.
The Annals of thoracic surgery.Ann Thorac Surg.2016 Feb;101(2):e51-3. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2015.09.023.
Hypertrophic osteoarthrpathy (HO) is a rare paraneoplasic syndrome associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The pathophysiology of HO is unknown but was recently related to enhanced levels of urine prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Here, we report the case of a patient that presented HO in associa
PMID 26777972

Japanese Journal

研究・症例肺性肥大性骨関節症を合併した肺癌の3手術例

小舘満太郎,大崎敏弘,小野憲司 [他]
日本胸部臨床 74(7), 810-816, 2015-07
NAID 40020527023

肺性肥大性骨関節症を発症した肺扁平上皮癌の1例

宮田亮,喜夛村次郎,河野朋哉,野口哲男,黒澤学,田久保康隆
肺癌 54(6), 800-805, 2014
背景．肺性肥大性骨関節症は，ばち状指，長管骨の骨膜新生，関節炎を三徴とする，腫瘍随伴症候群の一つである．症例．49歳，男性．前医で両膝関節痛の対症療法を受け，経過観察されていた．6か月後の胸部単純X線写真で腫瘤を指摘され，精査で非小細胞肺癌の診断が得られた．ばち状指，関節痛に伴う運動障害，骨シンチグラフィで長管骨に両側対称性の取り込みが認められることから，肺性肥大性骨関節症と診断された．対側縦隔リ …
NAID 130004705033