WordNet

a sudden uncontrollable attack; "a paroxysm of giggling"; "a fit of coughing"; "convulsions of laughter" (同)fit, convulsion
accompanied by or of the nature of paroxysms
difficult or labored respiration (同)dyspnoea

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(病気の周期的な)発作《+『of』+『名』》 / (感情・行動などの)激発,発作的行動《+『of』+『名』》

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/09/29 06:53:09」(JST)

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Cardiac asthma is a medical diagnosis of wheezing, coughing or shortness of breath due to congestive heart failure. It is known as cardiac asthma because the symptoms mimic ordinary asthma. One study found that patients with cardiac asthma represented one third of congestive heart failure in elderly patients.^[1]

Depending on severity, it may be classified as a medical emergency as it can be a symptom of acute heart failure leading to the buildup of fluids in the lungs (pulmonary edema) as well as within and around the airways.

The distinction between true asthma and cardiac asthma is especially important because some treatments for true asthma, including inhalers, may actually worsen cardiac asthma and cause severe heart arrhythmias.

True asthma, in contrast, is caused by the inflammation and eventual narrowing down of airways. This is what causes the breathing difficulties that are characteristic to asthma. True asthma has nothing to do with fluid in the lungs or heart disease, or even the heart failure which is so associated with cardiac asthma.

See

Dyspnea
Trepopnea
Congestive heart failure

References

^ Jorge S, Becquemin MH, Delerme S, Bennaceur M, Isnard R, Achkar R, et al. (2007). "Cardiac asthma in elderly patients: incidence, clinical presentation and outcome.". BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 7: 16. doi:10.1186/1471-2261-7-16. PMC 1878501. PMID 17498318.

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1. 呼吸困難患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with dyspnea
2. 救急外来における呼吸困難の成人の評価 evaluation of the adult with dyspnea in the emergency department
3. 妊娠中の呼吸困難 dyspnea during pregnancy
4. 心不全が疑われる患者の評価 evaluation of the patient with suspected heart failure
5. 心不全または心筋症患者の評価 evaluation of the patient with heart failure or cardiomyopathy

English Journal

Flash pulmonary edema in multiple sclerosis.

Plummer C, Campagnaro R.SourceCentre for Neuroscience and Neurological Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
The Journal of emergency medicine.J Emerg Med.2013 Feb;44(2):e169-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.02.074. Epub 2012 Sep 16.
BACKGROUND: Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) occurs in the setting of an acute neurological insult and in the absence of a primary cardiopulmonary cause. No unifying theory on NPE pathogenesis exists. NPE triggered by a discrete neurological lesion is rare, but such cases offer valuable insight into
PMID 22989694

Differences in Clinical and Echocardiographic Parameters between Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Flutter in the AURUM 8 Study: Targets for Prevention of Persistent Arrhythmia?

Lickfett L, Mittmann-Braun E, Weiss C, Spencker S, Jung W, Haverkamp W, Willems S, Deneke T, Kautzner J, Wiedemann M, Siebels J, Pitschner HF, Hoffmann E, Hindricks G, Zabel M, Vester E, Schwacke H, Leyen JV, Mewis C, Bauer W, Lewalter T.SourceUniversitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol.2013 Feb;36(2):194-202. doi: 10.1111/pace.12051.
PURPOSE: Cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent atrial flutter (AFL) can occur in a paroxysmal or persistent pattern. The aim of this study was to identify clinical, echocardiographic, and electrophysiological risk factors independently associated with persistence of AFL.METHODS: Patients of the recently p
PMID 23379836

Type A aortic dissection presenting as superior vena cava syndrome.

Raja FS, Islam A, Khan M, Abbasi I.AbstractABSTRACTA 51-year-old man presented with a 5-day history of progressive facial swelling, sensation of head fullness, increasing shortness of breath and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. He denied chest pain, syncope or presyncope. Past medical history included mechanical aortic valve replacement 7 years prior and atrial fibrillation treated with warfarin. A clinical diagnosis of acute superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome was made. Portable chest radiograph showed a widened superior mediastinum. Computed tomography scan of the thorax demonstrated a large type A aortic dissection almost completely effacing the SVC. Acute type A aortic dissection (AD) is an emergency requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. Patients typically present with acute onset of chest and/or back pain, classically described as "ripping" or "tearing." SVC syndrome is rarely, if ever, mentioned as a presentation, as it is usually due to more chronic conditions. This case illustrates a rare incidence of type A AD actually presenting as SVC syndrome.
CJEM.CJEM.2013 Jan 1;15(1):59-62.
ABSTRACTA 51-year-old man presented with a 5-day history of progressive facial swelling, sensation of head fullness, increasing shortness of breath and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. He denied chest pain, syncope or presyncope. Past medical history included mechanical aortic valve replacement 7 years
PMID 23283125