瞳孔括約筋
- 関
- pupillary sphincter
WordNet
- a ring of muscle that contracts to close an opening (同)anatomical sphincter, sphincter_muscle
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 括約筋(かつやくきん)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/27 14:22:04」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Iris sphincter muscle |
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Iris, front view. (Muscle visible but not labeled.)
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The upper half of a sagittal section through the front of the eyeball. ("Sphincter of pupil" labeled near bottom-center.)
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| Details |
| Latin |
Musculus sphincter pupillae |
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Origin
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encircles iris[1] |
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Insertion
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encircles iris[1] |
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Artery
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long posterior ciliary arteries |
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Nerve
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short ciliary nerves |
| Actions |
constricts pupil |
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Antagonist
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iris dilator muscle |
| Identifiers |
| Gray's |
p.1013 |
Dorlands
/Elsevier |
m_22/12550831 |
| TA |
A15.2.03.029 |
| FMA |
49157 |
| Anatomical terms of muscle |
The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, pupillary constrictor, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in the part of the eye called the iris. It encircles the pupil of the iris, appropriate to its function as a constrictor of the pupil.
Contents
- 1 Comparative Anatomy
- 2 General Structure
- 3 Mode of Action
- 4 Innervation
- 5 See also
- 6 References
- 7 External links
Comparative Anatomy
It is found in vertebrates and some cephalopods.
General Structure
Initially, all the myocytes are of the smooth muscle type but, later in life, most cells are of the striated muscle type.[2]
Its dimensions are about 0.75 mm wide by 0.15 mm thick.
Mode of Action
In humans, it functions to constrict the pupil in bright light (pupillary light reflex) or during accommodation.
Innervation
It is controlled by parasympathetic fibers that originate from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, travel along the oculomotor nerve (CN III), synapse in the ciliary ganglion, and then enter the eye via the short ciliary nerves.
See also
References
- ^ a b Gest, Thomas R; Burkel, William E. "Anatomy Tables - Eye." Medical Gross Anatomy. 2000. University of Michigan Medical School. 5 Jan. 2010 <http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/nervous_system/eye_tables.html>.
- ^ jneurosci.org Muscarinic and Nicotinic Synaptic Activation of the Developing..
External links
- Overview of function at tedmontgomery.com
- Slide at mscd.edu
- ‹The template EMedicineDictionary is being considered for deletion.› sphincter+pupillae at eMedicine Dictionary
- Histology image: 08010loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University
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Anatomy of the globe of the eye
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| Fibrous tunic (outer) |
| Sclera |
- Episcleral layer
- Schlemm's canal
- Trabecular meshwork
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| Cornea |
- Limbus
- layers
- Epithelium
- Bowman's
- Stroma
- Descemet's
- Endothelium
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| Uvea/vascular tunic (middle) |
| Choroid |
- Capillary lamina of choroid
- Bruch's membrane
- Sattler's layer
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| Ciliary body |
- Ciliary processes
- Ciliary muscle
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| Iris |
- Stroma
- Pupil
- Iris dilator muscle
- Iris sphincter muscle
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| Retina (inner) |
| Layers |
- Inner limiting membrane
- Nerve fiber layer
- Ganglion cell layer
- Inner plexiform layer
- Inner nuclear layer
- Outer plexiform layer
- Outer nuclear layer
- External limiting membrane
- Layer of rods and cones
- Retinal pigment epithelium
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| Cells |
- Photoreceptor cells (Cone cell, Rod cell) → (Horizontal cell) → Bipolar cell → (Amacrine cell) → Retina ganglion cell (Midget cell, Parasol cell, Bistratified cell, Giant retina ganglion cells, Photosensitive ganglion cell) → Diencephalon: P cell, M cell, K cell, Muller glia
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| Other |
- Macula
- Foveola
- Fovea centralis
- Parafovea
- Perifovea
- Optic disc
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| Anterior segment |
- Anterior chamber
- Aqueous humour
- Posterior chamber
- Lens
- Capsule of lens
- Zonule of Zinn
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| Posterior segment |
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| Other |
- Asthenopia
- Keratocytes
- Ocular immune system
- Tapetum lucidum
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Index of the eye
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| Description |
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Phenomena
- appearance
- visual
- optical illusions
- proteins
- Development
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| Disease |
- Congenital
- Corneal dystrophy
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
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| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- infection
- glaucoma and miosis
- mydriatics
- vascular
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Sensory system: Visual system and eye movement pathways
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| Visual perception |
- 1° (Retina bipolar cell) → 2° (Ganglionic cell) → 3° (Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → LGN of Thalamus) → 4° (Optic radiation → Cuneus and Lingual gyrus of Visual cortex → Blobs → Globs)
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| Muscles of orbit |
| Tracking |
| Smooth pursuit: |
- Parietal lobe
- Occipital lobe
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| Saccade: |
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- Nystagmus → Fixation reflex → PPRF
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| Horizontal gaze |
- PPRF → Abducens nucleus → MLF → Oculomotor nucleus → Medial rectus muscle
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| Vertical gaze |
- Rostral interstitial nucleus → Oculomotor nucleus, Trochlear nucleus → Muscles of orbit
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| Vestibulo–ocular reflex |
- Semicircular canal → Vestibulocochlear nerve → Vestibular nuclei → Abducens nucleus → MLF (Vestibulo-oculomotor fibers) → Oculomotor nucleus → Medial rectus muscle
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| Pupillary reflex |
| Pupillary response |
- 1° (Posterior hypothalamus → Ciliospinal center) → 2° (Superior cervical ganglion) → 3° (Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Nasociliary nerve → Long ciliary nerves → Iris dilator muscle)
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Pupillary light reflex
(constriction) |
- 1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Pretectal nucleus) → 2° (Edinger–Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Oculomotor nerve → Parasympathetic root of ciliary ganglion → Ciliary ganglion) → (4° Short ciliary nerves → Iris sphincter muscle)
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Accommodation
vergence |
- 1° (Retina → Optic nerve → Optic chiasm → Optic tract → Visual cortex → Brodmann area 19 → Pretectal area) → 2° (Edinger–Westphal nucleus) → 3° (Short ciliary nerves → Ciliary ganglion → Ciliary muscle)
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| Circadian rhythm |
- Retina → Retinohypothalamic tract → Hypothalamus (Suprachiasmatic nucleus)
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Index of the eye
|
|
| Description |
- Anatomy
- Physiology
- Phenomena
- appearance
- visual
- optical illusions
- proteins
- Development
|
|
| Disease |
- Congenital
- Corneal dystrophy
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
| Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- infection
- glaucoma and miosis
- mydriatics
- vascular
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Intramesencephalic course of the oculomotor nerve fibers: microanatomy and possible clinical significance.
- Vitošević Z1, Marinković S, Cetković M, Stimec B, Todorović V, Kanjuh V, Milisavljević M.
- Anatomical science international.Anat Sci Int.2013 Mar;88(2):70-82. doi: 10.1007/s12565-012-0166-6. Epub 2012 Dec 15.
- Comprehension of the mesencephalic syndromes that affect oculomotor nerve fascicles requires a detailed knowledge of their relationship with the adjacent structures and the blood supply of the central midbrain region. This was the reasoning behind our study, which was performed in ten serially secti
- PMID 23242853
- Entropion uveae: early sphincter atrophy, signposting primary angle closure glaucoma?
- Sihota R1, Saxena R, Agarwal HC.
- European journal of ophthalmology.Eur J Ophthalmol.2004 Jul-Aug;14(4):290-7.
- PURPOSE: An easily recognized clinical marker for early changes of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) or eyes predisposed to angle closure is important so that timely laser iridotomy can prevent morbidity. Pupillary ruff changes, specifically appearance of entropion uveae (EU), are frequent in ey
- PMID 15309973
- The toad iris assay: a simple method for evaluating CRH action on the sympathetic nervous system.
- Carr JA1, Zozzaro PE.
- General and comparative endocrinology.Gen Comp Endocrinol.2004 Jan 1;135(1):134-41.
- Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays a key role in the regulation of stress and arousal associated behaviors in mammals, and contributes to hyperglycemia and activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) during stress. Whether CRH regulates SNS activity in nonmammals has not been well st
- PMID 14644653
Japanese Journal
- <原著>末梢自律神経の終末装置の組織学的構造 1.モルモット瞳孔括約筋
Related Links
- Sign Up|Log In Home | How It Works | Leaderboards | Blog | Help THE CHALLENGE THE DICTIONARY LOOK IT UP VOCABULARY LISTS Search Results Advanced Search List Builder Random Word musculus sphincter pupillae ...
- Synonym(s): musculus sphincter pupillae [TA], sphincter muscle of pupil sphinc·ter pu·pil·lae (sfingk'tĕr pyū-pil' ē) [TA] A ring of smooth muscle fibers surrounding the pupillary border of the iris. Synonym(s): musculus sphincter ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- pupillary sphincter, sphincter pupillae muscle
- ラ
- musculus sphincter pupillae
- 同
- 縮瞳筋
- 関
- 動眼神経、副交感神経、交感神経、瞳孔散大筋、虹彩、対光反射。眼
[★]
括約筋
- 関
- sphincter muscle、sphincteral