male pronucleus

WordNet

1. for or pertaining to or composed of men or boys; "the male lead"; "the male population"
2. an animal that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that can fertilize female gametes (ova)
3. a person who belongs to the sex that cannot have babies (同)male person
4. characteristic of a man; "a deep male voice"; "manly sports" (同)manful, manlike, manly, virile
5. being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that perform the fertilizing function in generation; "a male infant"; "a male holly tree"
6. informal terms for a mother (同)mama, mamma, mom, momma, mommy, mammy, mum, mummy
7. the nucleus of the ovum or sperm after fertilization but before they fuse to form the nucleus of the zygote
8. the capital of Maldives in the center of the islands

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 『男性の』,男の;(動物が)雄の,(植物が)雄性の / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(機械・器具などが)雄の差し込み口のある / 『男性』;(動物の)雄,雄性植物
2. 《M-》《話》おかあちゃん(mamma)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/14 09:53:25」(JST)

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The process of fertilization in the ovum of a mouse.

A pronucleus (plural: pronuclei) is the nucleus of a sperm or an egg cell during the process of fertilization, after the sperm enters the ovum, but before they fuse. Sperm and egg cells are haploid, meaning they carry half the number of chromosomes. The male and female pronuclei don't fuse, although their genetic material does. Instead, their membranes dissolve, leaving no barriers between the male and female chromosomes. Their chromosomes can then combine and become part of a single diploid nucleus in the resulting embryo, containing a full set of chromosomes.

The appearance of two pronuclei is the first sign of successful fertilization as observed during in vitro fertilisation, and is usually observed 18 hours after insemination or ICSI. The zygote is then termed a two-pronuclear zygote (2PN). Two-pronuclear zygotes transitioning through 1PN or 3PN states tend to develop into poorer-quality embryos than ones who remain 2PN throughout development, and may be significant in embryo selection in IVF.

References

External links

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 生殖能力および妊娠に対する父親の高齢化の影響 effect of advanced paternal age on fertility and pregnancy
• 2. 性腺機能低下を呈する男性の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of male hypogonadism
• 3. Uncommon congenital adrenal hyperplasias
• 4. アンドロゲン受容体障害の診断および治療 diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the androgen receptor
• 5. 先天性性腺刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン欠乏症（特発性低ゴナドトロピン性性腺機能低下） congenital gonadotropin releasing hormone deficiency idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism

English Journal

• Distinct sperm nucleus behaviors between genotypic and temperature-dependent sex determination males are associated with replication and expression-related pathways in a gynogenetic fish.

• Zhu YJ1, Li XY1, Zhang J1, Li Z1, Ding M1, Zhang XJ1, Zhou L1, Gui JF2,3.
• BMC genomics.BMC Genomics.2018 Jun 5;19(1):437. doi: 10.1186/s12864-018-4823-6.
• PMID 29866041

• ASF1 is required to load histones on the HIRA complex in preparation of paternal chromatin assembly at fertilization.

• Horard B1, Sapey-Triomphe L2, Bonnefoy E2, Loppin B3.
• Epigenetics & chromatin.Epigenetics Chromatin.2018 May 11;11(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s13072-018-0189-x.
• PMID 29751847

• Involvement of sperm acetylated histones and the nuclear isoform of Glutathione peroxidase 4 in fertilization.

• Pipolo S1, Puglisi R1, Mularoni V1, Esposito V1, Fuso A2, Lucarelli M3, Fiorenza MT4, Mangia F4, Boitani C1.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2018 Apr;233(4):3093-3104. doi: 10.1002/jcp.26146. Epub 2017 Sep 20.
• PMID 28802016

Japanese Journal

• High incidence of multiple aster formation in vitrified-warmed bovine oocytes after in vitro fertilization

• Hara H,Hwang I-S,Kagawa N,Kuwayama M,Hirabayashi M,Hochi S
• THERIOGENOLOGY 77(5), 908-915, 2012-03-15
• … In the next experiment, multiple asters observed in 5.5 vs 8 hpi pronuclear zygotes were located near the male pronucleus, suggesting that those multiple asters were not the cytoplasmic asters of maternal origin. …
• NAID 120005055192

• Sperm Pretreatment with Dithiothreitol Increases Male Pronucleus Formation Rates After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) in Swamp Buffalo Oocytes

• CHANKITISAKUL Vibuntita,AM-IN Nutthee,THARASANIT Theerawat,SOMFAI Tamas,NAGAI Takashi,TECHAKUMPHU Mongkol
• Journal of Reproduction and Development, 2012
• … Failure of male pronucleus formation has hampered the success of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in swamp buffalo. … The aim of the present study was to improve male pronucleus formation by pretreating sperm with various chemicals before ICSI. … At 18 h post-ICSI, pronucleus (PN) formation was found only in activated oocytes. …
• NAID 130001854906

Related Links

• Male pronucleus | definition of Male pronucleus by Medical ...

pronucleus [pro-noo´kle-us] the haploid nucleus of a germ cell. female pronucleus the haploid nucleus of the fully mature oocyte, which loses its nuclear envelope and liberates its chromosomes to meet the synapsis with those from ...

• Pronucleus | definition of pronucleus by Medical dictionary

In Werlin's study, 75 patients undergoing PGD treatment were retrospectively reviewed to determine if embryos obtained from second day intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), single pronucleus and no pronuclei exhibited ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「male pronuclei」
関連記事	「male」「pronucleus」「males」

「male pronuclei」

　　[★]

雄性前核

関

male pronucleus

「male」

　　[★]

• n.

• オス、男性

• adj.

• 雄性の、男の

関

female、glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta、male sex、males、man、men

　 　 　 　 　 　

「pronucleus」

　　[★]

• 前核

関

anterior nuclei、anterior nucleus、pronuclear、pronuclei

　

「males」

　　[★]

• np.

• オス、男

関

male