low-fat diet

WordNet

1. to be on base at the end of an inning, of a player
2. pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life; "She died from cancer"; "The children perished in the fire"; "The patient went peacefully"; "The old guy kicked the bucket at the age of 102" (同)decease, perish, go, exit, pass_away, expire, pass, kick the bucket, cash in one''s chips, buy the farm, conk, give-up the ghost, drop dead, pop_off, choke, croak, snuff it
3. disappear or come to an end; "Their anger died"; "My secret will die with me!"
4. suffer spiritual death; be damned (in the religious sense); "Whosoever..believes in me shall never die"
5. a small cube with 1 to 6 spots on the six faces; used in gambling to generate random numbers (同)dice
6. a cutting tool that is fitted into a diestock and used for cutting male (external) screw threads on screws or bolts or pipes or rods
7. a device used for shaping metal
8. cut or shape with a die; "Die out leather for belts" (同)die_out
9. lose sparkle or bouquet; "wine and beer can pall" (同)pall, become flat
10. be brought to or as if to the point of death by an intense emotion such as embarrassment, amusement, or shame; "I was dying with embarrassment when my little lie was discovered"; "We almost died laughing during the show"
11. feel indifferent towards; "She died to worldly things and eventually entered a monastery"
12. languish as with love or desire; "She dying for a cigarette"; "I was dying to leave"
13. suffer or face the pain of death; "Martyrs may die every day for their faith"
14. unrefined in character; "low comedy"
15. an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation; "a low moved in over night bringing sleet and snow" (同)depression
16. a low level or position or degree; "the stock market fell to a new low"
17. used of sounds and voices; low in pitch or frequency (同)low-pitched
18. very low in volume; "a low murmur"; "the low-toned murmur of the surf" (同)low-toned
19. in a low position; near the ground; "the branches hung low"
20. less than normal in degree or intensity or amount; "low prices"; "the reservoir is low"
21. literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; "low ceilings"; "low clouds"; "low hills"; "the sun is low"; "low furniture"; "a low bow"
22. follow a regimen or a diet, as for health reasons; "He has high blood pressure and must stick to a low-salt diet"
23. the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods) (同)dieting
24. a legislative assembly in certain countries (e.g., Japan)
25. a prescribed selection of foods
26. the usual food and drink consumed by an organism (person or animal)
27. eat sparingly, for health reasons or to lose weight
28. having an (over)abundance of flesh; "he hadnt remembered how fat she was"
29. a soft greasy substance occurring in organic tissue and consisting of a mixture of lipids (mostly triglycerides); "pizza has too much fat"
30. marked by great fruitfulness; "fertile farmland"; "a fat land"; "a productive vineyard"; "rich soil" (同)fertile, productive, rich
31. lucrative; "a juicy contract"; "a nice fat job" (同)juicy
32. having a relatively large diameter; "a fat rope"
33. the syllable naming the fourth (subdominant) note of the diatonic scale in solmization

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈人・動物が〉『死ぬ』,〈植物が〉『枯れる』 / 《副詞[句]を伴って》〈音・光・風などが〉消えてゆく《+『away』》;〈火・感情などが〉次第に収まる《+『down』》;〈家系・習慣などが〉絶えてなくなる《+『out』》 / 〈機械が〉動かなくなる,止まる / 《話》《進行形で》死ぬほど望む
2. さい,さいころ / ダイス,雄ねじ切り / (貨幣・メダルなどの)打ち型,打ち抜き型
3. (高さ・位置が)『低い』,低い所にある / (価格・数量・程度などが)『低い』,少ない / (身分・地位などが)『低い』,卑しい / (人格・行為などが)『卑しい』,下劣な,下品な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(体が)『弱った』;元気のない,憂うつな / (供給が)不十分な;(…が)乏しい《+『in』(『on』)+『名』》 / (音・声が)低い,小さい / (生物が)下等な / 『低く』,低い所に / (価格・程度などが)『安く』,低く / 低い声(調子)で;静かに / 最低点,最低水準
4. (牛の)モーという鳴き声 / (牛が)モーと鳴く
5. (日本・デンマーク・スウェーデンなどの)『議会』,国会
6. (日常の)『飲食物』,常食 / (健康・体重調節などのための)『規定食』,制限食 / (健康増進などのために)〈人〉‘に'規定食を取らせる / 規定食を取る,食物を制限する
7. 『脂肪』,脂肪分 / (動物の)あぶら身 / (料理用の)油,ヘット / 肥満,太り過ぎ / 『太った』,肥満した / 『脂肪の多い』 / たっぷりとはいった,分厚い / もうかる / (土地が)肥えた / …‘を'太らせる / ふとる,肥える
8. ファ(全音階の第4音)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/30 22:49:54」(JST)

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USDA's Food Pyramid

New Version of the Food Guide Pyramid

A low-fat diet is one that restricts fat and often saturated fat and cholesterol as well. Low-fat diets are intended to reduce diseases such as heart disease and obesity. Reducing fat in the diet can make it easier to cut calories. Fat provides nine calories per gram while carbohydrates and protein each provide four calories per gram, so choosing low-fat foods makes it possible to eat a larger volume of food for the same number of calories. The Institute of Medicine recommends limiting fat intake to 35% of total calories to help prevent obesity and to help control saturated fat intake.

Evidence

Reducing total fat intake leads to reductions in caloric intake, resulting in weight loss or less weight gain. The overall benefit is small but beneficial. With respect to weight loss low-fat diets do not appear to differ from other diets that also reduce overall calories.

Low-fat diets have been promoted for the prevention of heart disease. Lowering fat intake from 35-40% of total calories to 15-20% of total calories has been shown to decrease total and LDL cholesterol by 10 to 20%; however, most of this decrease is due to a reduction in saturated fat intake. Saturated fat has been shown to raise total and LDL cholesterol in a large number of studies and has also been correlated with a higher risk of heart disease.

A 2013 meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of low- and high-fat diets showed low-fat diets decreased total cholesterol and LDL, but these decreases were not found when only considering low-calorie diets. It also showed HDL increases and triglyceride decreases in high-fat diets. Furthermore, lower total cholesterol was associated with lower intake of saturated fat and higher intake of polyunsaturated fat, HDL increases were associated with high monounsaturated fat intake and triglycerides associated with high carbohydrate intake. Decrease in saturated fat intake was only marginally related to decrease in LDL cholesterol. The meta-analysis concluded that neither high-fat nor low-fat diets could be unequivocally recommended.

According to the National Academies Press, a high-fat diet can contain "unacceptably high" amounts of saturated fat, even if saturated fats from animal products and tropical oils are avoided. This is because all fats contain some saturated fatty acids. For example, if a person chose fats with only 20% saturated fatty acids, setting fat intake at 35% of total calories would mean that 7% of calories would come from saturated fat. For this reason, the Institute of Medicine recommends consuming no more than 35% of calories from fat.

The influence of carbohydrates on body fat

Notwithstanding the impact of fat intake in plasma levels of fats, the proportion of carbohydrates in diet also has a strong influence on plasma levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. While a gradual increase in the carbohydrate content of the diet prevents hypertriglyceridemia, a sudden increase has been shown to rise plasma triglycerides. In agreement to this observation, a randomized trial comparing a low-carbohydrate diet (<40 g/day) and a low-fat diet (<30% of daily energy intake from total fat [<7% saturated fat]) revealed that low-carbohydrate diet was more effective at reducing fat mass, total-HDL cholesterol ratio, and triglycerides level.

References

External links

• British Heart Foundation: Fats Explained page
• NHS Choices: Fat - the facts

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 食事中の脂肪 dietary fat
• 2. 成人における肥満：食事療法 obesity in adults dietary therapy
• 3. 成人における健康食 healthy diet in adults
• 4. 食事または栄養補助食品による脂質低下 lipid lowering with diet or dietary supplements
• 5. 患者情報：減量法（ダイエット）（詳細） weight loss treatments beyond the basics

English Journal

• Amino acid, mineral, and polyphenolic profiles of black vinegar, and its lipid lowering and antioxidant effects in vivo.

• Chou CH1, Liu CW2, Yang DJ3, Wu YH4, Chen YC5.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Feb 1;168:63-9. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.035. Epub 2014 Jul 11.
• Black vinegar (BV) contains abundant essential and hydrophobic amino acids, and polyphenolic contents, especially catechin and chlorogenic acid via chemical analyses. K and Mg are the major minerals in BV, and Ca, Fe, Mn, and Se are also measured. After a 9-week experiment, high-fat/cholesterol-diet
• PMID 25172684

• Adult Weight Loss Diets: Metabolic Effects and Outcomes.

• Matarese LE1, Pories WJ2.
• Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.Nutr Clin Pract.2014 Dec;29(6):759-767. Epub 2014 Oct 7.
• The global prevalence of overweight and obesity as a public health concern is well established and reflects the overall lack of success in our ability to achieve and maintain a healthy body weight. Being overweight and obese is associated with numerous comorbidities and is a risk factor for several
• PMID 25293593

Japanese Journal

• 低炭水化物食の肥満と脂質代謝改善効果

• 小野 紗都子,大槻 眞
• 神戸女子大学家政学部紀要 45, 1-13, 2012-03
• NAID 40019248450

Related Links

• Low-fat dietとは - goo Wikipedia (ウィキペディア)

A low-fat diet is one that restricts fat and often saturated fat and cholesterol as well. Low-fat diets are intended to reduce diseases such as heart disease and obesity. Reducing fat in the diet can make it easier to cut calories. Fat ...

• Low-Fat Diet - Diet and Weight Loss

Low-Fat Diet: Different medical organizations, governments, and diet plans define ’low fat’ slightly different ways. In this essay, a low fat diet is one where 30% or less of the total dai

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「fat-free diet」「低脂肪食」「fat-restricted diet」
関連記事	「low」「diet」「die」「dieting」「fat」

「fat-free diet」

　　[★]

• 無脂肪食

関

fat-restricted diet、low-fat diet

「低脂肪食」

　　[★]

英

low-fat diet

関

無脂肪食、脂肪制限食

「fat-restricted diet」

　　[★]

• 脂肪制限食

関

fat-free diet、low-fat diet

「low」

　　[★]

• adj.

• (比較級lower-最上級lowest)低い、不十分な

関

deficient、inadequate、insufficiency、insufficient、insufficiently、poorly、scanty

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「diet」

　　[★]

• n.

• 食べ物、食事。食生活、食習慣。ダイエット、食事療法、治療食、規定食、節食

関

feeding, nutrition

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「die」

　　[★]

• v.

• 死ぬ

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「dieting」

　　[★]

• n.

• ダイエット

関

diet

「fat」

　　[★] 脂肪