juxtaglomerular cells

傍糸球体装置、傍糸球体細胞

WordNet

1. small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
2. a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
3. a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
4. (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
5. any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
6. a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/01/06 23:45:11」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Not to be confused with granule cell.

Juxtaglomerular cell
Microscopic image of juxtaglomerular cells
Drawing of renal corpuscle (juxtaglomerular cells (granular cells) are labeled as number 6. Macula densa cells are labeled 7, extra glomerular mesangium are labeled 5b.
Anatomical terminology [edit on Wikidata]

The juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells, or granular cells) are cells in the kidney that synthesize, store, and secrete the enzyme renin. They are specialized smooth muscle cells mainly in the walls of the afferent arterioles, and some in the efferent arterioles, that deliver blood to the glomerulus. In synthesizing renin, they play a critical role in the renin-angiotensin system and thus in autoregulation of the kidney.

Juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin in response to a drop in pressure detected by stretch receptors in the vascular walls, or when stimulated by macula densa cells. Macula densa cells are located in the distal convoluted tubule, and stimulate juxtaglomerular cells to release renin when they detect a drop in sodium concentration in tubular fluid. Together, juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and macula densa cells comprise the juxtaglomerular complex.

In appropriately stained tissue sections, juxtaglomerular cells are distinguished by their granulated cytoplasm.

The juxtaglomerular cell is a cell that is located near the glomerulus, hence its name.

Similar to cardiac tissue, juxtaglomerular cells harbor β1 adrenergic receptors. When stimulated by epinephrine or norepinephrine, these receptors induce the secretion of renin. These cells also respond directly to a decrease in systemic blood pressure which is manifested as a lower renal perfusion pressure.

See also

• Juxtaglomerular cell tumor
• Juxtaglomerular apparatus

External links

• Histology image: 16010loa – Histology Learning System at Boston University

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. Antigen-presenting cells
• 2. ヘルパーT細胞サブセット：疾患における分化および役割 t helper subsets differentiation and role in disease
• 3. 適応細胞性免疫応答 the adaptive cellular immune response
• 4. BおよびTリンパ球の正常な発生 normal b and t lymphocyte development
• 5. 肥満細胞由来のメディエーター mast cell derived mediators

English Journal

• Spatial distribution of synapses on tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing juxtaglomerular cells in the mouse olfactory glomerulus.

• Kiyokage E1, Kobayashi K2, Toida K1,3.
• The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2017 Apr 1;525(5):1059-1074. doi: 10.1002/cne.24147. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
• Olfactory sensory axons converge in specific glomeruli where they form excitatory synapses onto dendrites of mitral/tufted (M/T) and juxtaglomerular (JG) cells, including periglomerular (PG), external tufted (ET), and superficial-short axon cells. JG cells consist of heterogeneous subpopulations wit
• PMID 27864931

• Dendritic Arborization Patterns of Small Juxtaglomerular Cell Subtypes within the Rodent Olfactory Bulb.

• Bywalez WG1, Ona-Jodar T2, Lukas M2, Ninkovic J3, Egger V4.
• Frontiers in neuroanatomy.Front Neuroanat.2017 Jan 20;10:127. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00127. eCollection 2016.
• Within the glomerular layer of the rodent olfactory bulb, numerous subtypes of local interneurons contribute to early processing of incoming sensory information. Here we have investigated dopaminergic and other small local juxtaglomerular cells in rats and mice and characterized their dendritic arbo
• PMID 28163674

• Bimodal dynamics of granular organelles in primary renin-expressing cells revealed using TIRF microscopy.

• Buckley C1, Dun AR2, Peter A3, Bellamy C4, Gross KW5, Duncan RR2, Mullins JJ3.
• American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2017 Jan 1;312(1):F200-F209. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00384.2016. Epub 2016 Nov 9.
• Renin is the initiator and rate-limiting factor in the renin-angiotensin blood pressure regulation system. Although renin is not exclusively produced in the kidney, in nonmurine species the synthesis and secretion of the active circulatory enzyme is confined almost exclusively to the dense core gran
• PMID 28069661

Japanese Journal

• Visualisation of cellular Ca concentration change in association with tubulo-glomerular feedback

• 生体医工学 52(Supplement), O-273-O-274, 2014
• … Renal blood flow is regulated within an appropriate range, in which Glomerular efferent arteriolar diameter is controlled by the juxtaglomerular apparatus as tubulo-glomerular feedback. … The purpose of this study is to visualise Ca concentration change in those cells associated with tubulo-glomerular feedback.After anaesthetising a Wistar rat (n=6), its left kidney was exposed and the surface of its kidney was peeled shallowly for observation. …
• NAID 130004948183

• 嗅覚系脳神経回路の解明 : 鼻閉モデルマウスを用いた嗅入力遮断効果の解析

• 谷口 美季,清蔭 恵美,小林 和人,樋田 一徳
• 川崎医学会誌 40(2), 67-75, 2014
• 匂いの情報は嗅細胞軸索を介して,嗅球表面の糸球体に入り投射ニューロンの樹状突起とシナプスし,さらに糸球体を構成する様々な神経化学物質を含有するニューロンによって調整される.臨床の場において,慢性副鼻腔炎や鼻茸等で長期間鼻が遮蔽されると症状改善後に嗅覚異常を認めることがある.また,げっ歯類の片鼻閉実験では,糸球体近傍ニューロンのtyrosine hydroxylase(TH)の発現が低下・消失するこ …
• NAID 110009866502

• Histological Properties of the Glomerular Layer in the Mouse Accessory Olfactory Bulb

• Experimental animals 61(1), 13-24, 2012-01-01
• … (ii) many juxtaglomerular cells (JGCs) are GABA immunopositive, but subpopulations of cells distributed in the AOB are tyrosine hydroxylase- or calcium-binding protein immunopositive; …
• NAID 10030286560

Related Links

• Juxtaglomerular cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells, or granular cells) are cells in the kidney that synthesize, store, and secrete the enzyme renin. They are specialized smooth muscle cells in the wall of the afferent arteriole (and sometimes the efferent ...

• Juxtaglomerular apparatus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus consists of: (1) the juxtaglomerular cells, (2) the macula densa, (3) the lacis celles or agranular cells. [edit.

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「傍糸球体装置」
関連記事	「cell」

「傍糸球体装置」

　　[★]

英

juxtaglomerular apparatus (SP,Z), JGA

同

糸球体傍装置、糸球体近接装置

傍糸球体細胞 juxtaglomerular cells、傍糸球体細胞装置

関

糸球体、輸入細動脈、輸出細動脈

• 図：SP.777,HIS.380
• 傍糸球体装置 = 緻密斑(=密集斑細胞) + 糸球体外メサンギウム細胞 + 傍糸球体細胞(=輸入細動脈顆粒細胞)

• 糸球体の血管極付近の次の構造を傍糸球体装置と呼ぶ (出典不明)

• 輸入細動脈：平滑筋細胞、顆粒細胞
• 遠位尿細管：緻密斑の細胞
• 輸出細動脈：平滑筋細胞
• 糸球体外メサンギウム細胞：両細動脈と緻密斑に囲まれる
• 糸球体内メサンギウム細胞

臨床関連

• 傍糸球体装置の過形成：バーター症候群：循環血漿量の減少によりRAA系が亢進。

「cell」

　　[★] 細胞