- 同
- li
WordNet
- Chinese distance measure; approximately 0.5 kilometers
- fasten or secure with chains; "Chain the chairs together"
- a unit of length
- a necklace made by a stringing objects together; "a string of beads"; "a strand of pearls"; (同)string, strand
- a linked or connected series of objects; "a chain of daisies"
- a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament
- anything that acts as a restraint
- (chemistry) a series of linked atoms (generally in an organic molecule) (同)chemical chain
- a series of things depending on each other as if linked together; "the chain of command"; "a complicated concatenation of circumstances" (同)concatenation
- (business) a number of similar establishments (stores or restaurants or banks or hotels or theaters) under one ownership
- connect or arrange into a chain by linking
- unaffected by a designated operation or transformation
- a feature (quantity or property or function) that remains unchanged when a particular transformation is applied to it
- British biochemist (born in Germany) who isolated and purified penicillin, which had been discovered in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming (1906-1979) (同)Ernst Boris Chain, Sir Ernst Boris Chain
- bound with chains; "enchained demons strained in anger to gnaw on his bones"; "prisoners in chains" (同)enchained
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『鎖』;(装飾用の)鎖 / 《複数形で》『束縛』,拘束;囚人をつなぐ鎖 / (物事の)『連続』,つながり《+『of』+『名』》 / (商店・銀行・ホテルなどの)チェーン(一連の店が同一資本のもとで連携して経営される方式;その店) / チェーン(測量で用いられる単位;約21.7m) / …'を'『鎖でつなぐ』《+『up』(『together』)+『名,』+『名』+『up』(『together』)》
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/12/20 21:26:18」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
CD74 molecule, major histocompatibility complex, class II invariant chain |
PDB rendering based on 1icf. |
Available structures |
PDB |
Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB |
List of PDB id codes |
1A6A, 1ICF, 1IIE, 1L3H, 1MUJ, 3PDO, 3PGC, 3PGD, 3QXA, 3QXD, 4AEN, 4AH2
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Identifiers |
Symbols |
CD74 ; DHLAG; HLADG; II; Ia-GAMMA |
External IDs |
OMIM: 142790 MGI: 96534 HomoloGene: 3209 ChEMBL: 4692 GeneCards: CD74 Gene |
Gene ontology |
Molecular function |
• beta-amyloid binding
• cytokine receptor activity
• protein binding
• cytokine binding
• MHC class II protein complex binding
• macrophage migration inhibitory factor binding
• MHC class II protein binding
• MHC class II protein binding, via antigen binding groove
• identical protein binding
• protein binding involved in protein folding
• nitric-oxide synthase binding
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Cellular component |
• Golgi membrane
• intracellular
• lysosomal membrane
• multivesicular body
• vacuole
• plasma membrane
• external side of plasma membrane
• cell surface
• ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane
• membrane
• integral component of membrane
• transport vesicle membrane
• endocytic vesicle membrane
• clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane
• trans-Golgi network membrane
• macrophage migration inhibitory factor receptor complex
• NOS2-CD74 complex
• MHC class II protein complex
• lysosomal lumen
• extracellular vesicular exosome
• integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane
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Biological process |
• activation of MAPK activity
• prostaglandin biosynthetic process
• positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
• positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation
• negative regulation of peptide secretion
• positive regulation of type 2 immune response
• negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process
• protein complex assembly
• intracellular protein transport
• defense response
• signal transduction
• cell proliferation
• immunoglobulin mediated immune response
• antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen
• antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II
• positive regulation of B cell proliferation
• macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway
• regulation of macrophage activation
• negative regulation of apoptotic process
• negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
• T cell selection
• positive thymic T cell selection
• negative thymic T cell selection
• negative regulation of T cell differentiation
• positive regulation of T cell differentiation
• positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation
• positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
• chaperone mediated protein folding requiring cofactor
• positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production
• positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
• positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis
• negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator
• positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production
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Sources: Amigo / QuickGO |
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RNA expression pattern |
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More reference expression data |
Orthologs |
Species |
Human |
Mouse |
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Entrez |
972 |
16149 |
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Ensembl |
ENSG00000019582 |
ENSMUSG00000024610 |
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UniProt |
P04233 |
P04441 |
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RefSeq (mRNA) |
NM_001025158 |
NM_001042605 |
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RefSeq (protein) |
NP_001020329 |
NP_001036070 |
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Location (UCSC) |
Chr 5:
149.78 – 149.79 Mb |
Chr 18:
60.8 – 60.81 Mb |
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PubMed search |
[1] |
[2] |
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HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain also known as HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain or CD74 (Cluster of Differentiation 74), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD74 gene.[1][2] The invariant chain (Abbreviated Ii) is a polypeptide involved in the formation and transport of MHC class II protein.[3] The cell surface form of the invariant chain is known as CD74.
Contents
- 1 Function
- 2 Possible interactions
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 Further reading
- 6 External links
Function
The nascent MHC class II protein in the rough ER has its peptide-binding cleft blocked by the invariant chain (Ii; a trimer) to prevent it from binding cellular peptides or peptides from the endogenous pathway. The invariant chain also facilitates MHC class II's export from the ER in a vesicle. The signal for endosomal targeting resides in the cytoplasmic tail of the invariant chain. This fuses with a late endosome containing the endocytosed, degraded proteins. It is then cleaved by cathepsin S (cathepsin L in cortical thymic epithelial cells), leaving only a small fragment called CLIP which blocks peptide binding until HLA-DM binds to MHC II, releasing CLIP and allowing other peptides to bind. The stable MHC class-II is then presented on the cell surface.
Possible interactions
In limited cases, CD74 might interact with Macrophage migration inhibitory factor.[4]
See also
- Cluster of differentiation
References
- ^ Claesson L, Larhammar D, Rask L, Peterson PA (December 1983). "cDNA clone for the human invariant gamma chain of class II histocompatibility antigens and its implications for the protein structure". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 (24): 7395–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.80.24.7395. PMC 389957. PMID 6324166.
- ^ Kudo J, Chao LY, Narni F, Saunders GF (December 1985). "Structure of the human gene encoding the invariant gamma-chain of class II histocompatibility antigens". Nucleic Acids Res. 13 (24): 8827–41. doi:10.1093/nar/13.24.8827. PMC 318954. PMID 3001652.
- ^ Cresswell P (1994). "Assembly, transport, and function of MHC class II molecules". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 12: 259–93. doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.001355. PMID 8011283.
- ^ Shan ZX, Lin QX, Deng CY, Tan HH, Kuang SJ, Xiao DZ, Zhu JN, Fu YH, Yu XY (December 2009). "[Identification of the interactions between the truncated fragments of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and CD74 using a yeast two-hybrid system]". Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao (in Chinese) 29 (12): 2383–6, 2390. PMID 20034881. Wang F, Shen X, Guo X, Peng Y, Liu Y, Xu S, Yang J (February 2010). "Spinal macrophage migration inhibitory factor contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats". Pain 148 (2): 275–83. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2009.11.011. PMID 20005040. Dobson SE, Augustijn KD, Brannigan JA, Schnick C, Janse CJ, Dodson EJ, Waters AP, Wilkinson AJ (December 2009). "The crystal structures of macrophage migration inhibitory factor from Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium berghei". Protein Sci. 18 (12): 2578–91. doi:10.1002/pro.263. PMC 2798171. PMID 19827093. Piette C, Deprez M, Roger T, Noël A, Foidart JM, Munaut C (November 2009). "The Dexamethasone-induced Inhibition of Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Glioma Cell Lines Is Antagonized by Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and Can Be Enhanced by Specific MIF Inhibitors". J. Biol. Chem. 284 (47): 32483–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.014589. PMC 2781663. PMID 19759012. Verjans E, Noetzel E, Bektas N, Schütz AK, Lue H, Lennartz B, Hartmann A, Dahl E, Bernhagen J (2009). "Dual role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in human breast cancer". BMC Cancer 9: 230. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-9-230. PMC 2716369. PMID 19602265.
Further reading
- Stove V, Verhasselt B (2006). "Modelling thymic HIV-1 Nef effects". Curr. HIV Res. 4 (1): 57–64. doi:10.2174/157016206775197583. PMID 16454711.
- Riberdy JM, Newcomb JR, Surman MJ et al. (1992). "HLA-DR molecules from an antigen-processing mutant cell line are associated with invariant chain peptides". Nature 360 (6403): 474–7. doi:10.1038/360474a0. PMID 1448172.
- Bakke O, Dobberstein B (1990). "MHC class II-associated invariant chain contains a sorting signal for endosomal compartments". Cell 63 (4): 707–16. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90137-4. PMID 2121367.
- Marks MS, Blum JS, Cresswell P (1990). "Invariant chain trimers are sequestered in the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the absence of association with HLA class II antigens". J. Cell Biol. 111 (3): 839–55. doi:10.1083/jcb.111.3.839. PMC 2116304. PMID 2391366.
- Spiro RC, Quaranta V (1989). "The invariant chain is a phosphorylated subunit of class II molecules". J. Immunol. 143 (8): 2589–94. PMID 2507633.
- O'Sullivan DM, Noonan D, Quaranta V (1987). "Four Ia invariant chain forms derive from a single gene by alternate splicing and alternate initiation of transcription/translation". J. Exp. Med. 166 (2): 444–60. doi:10.1084/jem.166.2.444. PMC 2189580. PMID 3036998.
- Genuardi M, Saunders GF (1988). "Localization of the HLA class II-associated invariant chain gene to human chromosome band 5q32". Immunogenetics 28 (1): 53–6. doi:10.1007/BF00372530. PMID 3132422.
- O'Sullivan DM, Larhammar D, Wilson MC et al. (1986). "Structure of the human Ia-associated invariant (gamma)-chain gene: identification of 5' sequences shared with major histocompatibility complex class II genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (12): 4484–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.12.4484. PMC 323758. PMID 3459184.
- Koch N, Hämmerling GJ (1986). "Ia-associated invariant chain is fatty acylated before addition of sialic acid". Biochemistry 24 (22): 6185–90. doi:10.1021/bi00343a023. PMID 3866610.
- Claesson L, Peterson PA (1983). "Association of human gamma chain with class II transplantation antigens during intracellular transport". Biochemistry 22 (13): 3206–13. doi:10.1021/bi00282a026. PMID 6576808.
- Strubin M, Mach B, Long EO (1984). "The complete sequence of the mRNA for the HLA-DR-associated invariant chain reveals a polypeptide with an unusual transmembrane polarity". EMBO J. 3 (4): 869–72. PMC 557440. PMID 6586420.
- Kvist S, Wiman K, Claesson L et al. (1982). "Membrane insertion and oligomeric assembly of HLA-DR histocompatibility antigens". Cell 29 (1): 61–9. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(82)90090-3. PMID 6955026.
- Machamer CE, Cresswell P (1983). "Biosynthesis and glycosylation of the invariant chain associated with HLA-DR antigens". J. Immunol. 129 (6): 2564–9. PMID 6982931.
- Ghosh P, Amaya M, Mellins E, Wiley DC (1995). "The structure of an intermediate in class II MHC maturation: CLIP bound to HLA-DR3". Nature 378 (6556): 457–62. doi:10.1038/378457a0. PMID 7477400.
- Bijlmakers MJ, Benaroch P, Ploegh HL (1994). "Mapping functional regions in the lumenal domain of the class II- associated invariant chain". J. Exp. Med. 180 (2): 623–9. doi:10.1084/jem.180.2.623. PMC 2191624. PMID 7519244.
- Brown JH, Jardetzky TS, Gorga JC et al. (1993). "Three-dimensional structure of the human class II histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR1". Nature 364 (6432): 33–9. doi:10.1038/364033a0. PMID 8316295.
- Naujokas MF, Morin M, Anderson MS et al. (1993). "The chondroitin sulfate form of invariant chain can enhance stimulation of T cell responses through interaction with CD44". Cell 74 (2): 257–68. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90417-O. PMID 8343954.
- Roche PA, Teletski CL, Stang E et al. (1993). "Cell surface HLA-DR-invariant chain complexes are targeted to endosomes by rapid internalization". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (18): 8581–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.18.8581. PMC 47401. PMID 8397411.
External links
- CD74 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Overview at Davidson College (student generated)
- School of Crystallography The Invariant Chain
PDB gallery
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1icf: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF MHC CLASS II ASSOCIATED P41 II FRAGMENT IN COMPLEX WITH CATHEPSIN L
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1iie: HLA-DR ANTIGENS ASSOCIATED INVARIANT CHAIN
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1l3h: NMR structure of P41icf, a potent inhibitor of human cathepsin L
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UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Adenovirus-Based Vaccine against Listeria monocytogenes: Extending the Concept of Invariant Chain Linkage.
- Jensen S, Steffensen MA, Jensen BA, Schlüter D, Christensen JP, Thomsen AR.SourceDepartment of International Health, Immunology, and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).J Immunol.2013 Oct 15;191(8):4152-64. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301290. Epub 2013 Sep 16.
- The use of replication-deficient adenoviruses as vehicles for transfer of foreign genes offers many advantages in a vaccine setting, eliciting strong cellular immune responses involving both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. Further improving the immunogenicity, tethering of the inserted target Ag to MHC c
- PMID 24043891
- Mimicry epitope from Ehrlichia canis for interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein 201-216 prevents autoimmune uveoretinitis by acting as altered peptide ligand.
- Gangaplara A, Massilamany C, Steffen D, Reddy J.SourceSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States.
- Journal of neuroimmunology.J Neuroimmunol.2013 Oct 15;263(1-2):98-107. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2013.08.006. Epub 2013 Aug 17.
- We report here identification of novel mimicry epitopes for interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) 201-216, a candidate ocular antigen that causes experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in A/J mice. One mimicry epitope from Ehrlichia canis (EHC), designated EHC 44-59, induced cross-
- PMID 24029580
- HLA-DO increases bacterial superantigen binding to human MHC molecules by inhibiting dissociation of class II-associated invariant chain peptides.
- Pezeshki AM, Azar GA, Mourad W, Routy JP, Boulassel MR, Denzin LK, Thibodeau J.SourceLaboratoire d'Immunologie Moléculaire, Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, H3C 3J7, Canada.
- Human immunology.Hum Immunol.2013 Oct;74(10):1280-7. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.05.010. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
- HLA-DO (H2-O in mice) is an intracellular non-classical MHC class II molecule (MHCII). It forms a stable complex with HLA-DM (H2-M in mice) and shapes the MHC class II-associated peptide repertoire. Here, we tested the impact of HLA-DO and H2-O on the binding of superantigens (SAgs), which has been
- PMID 23756162
Japanese Journal
- Stochastic Bifurcations in the Plankton-fish System
- Stochastic Bifurcation in the Plankton System under the Fish School
- Proceedings of the ISCIE International Symposium on Stochastic Systems Theory and its Applications 2015(0), 225-230, 2015
- NAID 130005107453
- Synthesis and Self-Assembly of His-tag Hybrid of Substrate-Binging Short Domain in Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 for Vanillin Sensing Application
- Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan 40(2), 175-178, 2015
- NAID 130005089539
Related Links
- HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain also known as HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain or CD74 (Cluster of Differentiation 74), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD74 gene. The invariant chain ...
- The invariant chain also facilitates the export of class II MHC from the ER to the golgi, followed by fusion with a late endosome containing endocytosed, degraded proteins. The invariant chain is then broken down in stages by proteases called ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- invariant chain, Ii
- 同
- Ii鎖 Ii chain
- 関
- HLA-DM
[★]
-
- the variable chains of antigen receptors are associated with nivvariant accessory chains that carry out the signaling function of the receptor.
- 関
- eternal、immutable、invariable、standing、unabated、unaltered、unchanged、unchanging
[★]
- 関
- open-chain、strand