interferon-beta

インターフェロンβ、インターフェロンベータ

WordNet

1. to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form; "let her be"
2. work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function; "He is a herpetologist"; "She is our resident philosopher" (同)follow
3. have life, be alive; "Our great leader is no more"; "My grandfather lived until the end of war" (同)live
4. be identical to; be someone or something; "The president of the company is John Smith"; "This is my house"
5. happen, occur, take place; "I lost my wallet; this was during the visit to my parents house"; "There were two hundred people at his funeral"; "There was a lot of noise in the kitchen"
6. have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); "John is rich"; "This is not a good answer"
7. occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere; "Where is my umbrella?" "The toolshed is in the back"; "What is behind this behavior?"
8. spend or use time; "I may be an hour"
9. stake on the outcome of an issue; "I bet $100 on that new horse"; "She played all her money on the dark horse" (同)wager, play
10. the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet" (同)wager
11. maintain with or as if with a bet; "I bet she will be there!" (同)wager
12. second in order of importance; "the candidate, considered a beta male, was perceived to be unable to lead his party to victory"
13. the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet
14. preliminary or testing stage of a software or hardware product; "a beta version"; "beta software"
15. an antiviral protein produced by cells that have been invaded by a virus; inhibits replication of the virus

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 《連結語として補語を伴なって…『である』,…だ,…です / 《位置・場所を表す語句を伴って》(…に)『ある』,いる(occupy a place or situation) / 〈物事が〉『存在する』,ある(exist);〈生物が〉生存する,生きている(live) / 行われる,起こる,発生する(take place, occur) / 存続する,そのままでいる(remain as before) / 《『be to』 do》 / …する予定である,…することになっている / …すべきだ / 《受動態の不定詞を伴って》…できる / 《命令》…するのだ / 《条件節に》…する意図がある / 《『if…were to』 do》…するとしたなら / 《『be』 do『ing』》《進行形》 / 《進行中の動作》…している,しつつある / 《近い未来》…しようとしている,するつもり / 《動作の反復》(いつも)…している / 《『be』+『他動詞の過去分詞』》《受動態》…される,されている / 《『be』+『自動詞の過去分詞』》《完了形》…した[状態にある]
2. 『かけ』・(…との)かけ《+『with』+『名』》 / かけた物(金) / かけの対象 / 〈金・物〉'を'『かける』 / (かけ事・ゲームなどで)〈人〉‘と'『かけをする』《+『名』〈人〉+『on』+『名』》 / (…に)『かける』《+『on』(『against』)+『名』(one's do『ing』)》
3. ベータ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第2文字;B,β;英語のB,b に遭当)
4. インターフェロン(ウイルス増殖抑制物質)
5. インターフェロン (virusの増殖を抑制する)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/23 06:32:07」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

The 3D structure of human IFN-β

Human type I interferons comprise a vast and growing group of IFN proteins.

All type I IFNs bind to a specific cell surface receptor complex known as the IFN-α receptor (IFNAR) that consists of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 chains.

Homologous molecules to type I IFNs are found in many species, including all mammals, and some have been identified in birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish species. Joyce Taylor-Papadimitriou was the first to identify that the action of interferon type 1 requires the synthesis of effector proteins.

Mammalian types

The mammalian types are designated IFN-α (alpha), IFN-β (beta), IFN-κ (kappa), IFN-δ (delta), IFN-ε (epsilon), IFN-τ (tau), IFN-ω (omega), and IFN-ζ (zeta, also known as limitin).

IFN-α

The IFN-α proteins are produced by leukocytes. They are mainly involved in innate immune response against viral infection. They come in 13 subtypes that are called IFNA1, IFNA2, IFNA4, IFNA5, IFNA6, IFNA7, IFNA8, IFNA10, IFNA13, IFNA14, IFNA16, IFNA17, IFNA21. These genes for these IFN-α molecules are found together in a cluster on chromosome 9.

IFN-α is also made synthetically as medication. Types are:

• Pegylated interferon alfa-2a
• Pegylated interferon alfa-2b

IFN-β

The IFN-β proteins are produced in large quantities by fibroblasts. They have antiviral activity that is involved mainly in innate immune response. Two types of IFN-β have been described, IFN-β1 (IFNB1) and IFN-β3 (IFNB3) (a gene designated IFN-β2 is actually IL-6). IFN-β1 is used as a treatment for multiple sclerosis as it reduces the relapse rate.

IFN-β1 is not an appropriate treatment for patients with progressive, non-relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.

IFN-ε, –κ, -τ, -δ, and –ζ

IFN-ε, –κ, -τ, and –ζ appear, at this time, to come in a single isoform in humans, IFNK. Only ruminants encode IFN-τ, a variant of IFN-ω. So far, IFN-ζ is found only in mice, while a structural homolog, IFN-δ is found in a diverse array of non-primate and non-rodent placental mammals. Most but not all placental mammals encode functional IFN-ε and IFN-κ genes.

IFN-ω

IFN-ω, although having only one functional form described to date (IFNW1), has several pseudogenes: IFNWP2, IFNWP4, IFNWP5, IFNWP9, IFNWP15, IFNWP18, and IFNWP19 in humans. Many non-primate placental mammals express multiple IFN-ω subtypes

IFN-ν

This subtype of Type I IFN was recently described as a pseudogene in human, but potentially functional in the domestic cat genome. In all other genomes of non-feline placental mammals, IFN-ν is a pseudogene; in some species, the pseudogene is well preserved, while in others, it is badly mutilated or is undetectable. Moreover, in the cat genome, the IFN-ν promoter is deleteriously mutated. It is likely that the IFN-ν gene family was rendered useless prior to mammalian diversification. Its presence on the edge of the Type I IFN locus in mammals may have shielded it from obliteration, allowing its detection.

Sources and functions

IFN-α and IFN-β are secreted by many cell types including lymphocytes (NK cells, B-cells and T-cells), macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, osteoblasts and others. They stimulate both macrophages and NK cells to elicit an anti-viral response, and are also active against tumors. Recently, plasmacytoid dendritic cells have been identified as being the most potent producers of type I IFNs in response to antigen, and have thus been coined natural IFN producing cells.

IFN-ω is released by leukocytes at the site of viral infection or tumors.

IFN-α acts as a pyrogenic factor by altering the activity of thermosensitive neurons in the hypothalamus thus causing fever. It does this by binding to opioid receptors and eliciting the release of prostaglandin-E₂ (PGE₂).

A similar mechanism is used by IFN-α to reduce pain; IFN-α interacts with the μ-opioid receptor to act as an analgesic.

In mice, IFN-β inhibits immune cells to produce growth factors, thereby slowing tumor growth, and inhibits other cells from producing vessel producing growth factors, thereby blocking tumor angiogenesis and hindering the tumour from connecting into the blood vessel system.

Non-mammalian types

Avian Type I IFNs have been characterized and preliminarily assigned to subtypes (IFN I, IFN II, and IFN III), but their classification into subtypes should await a more extensive characterization of avian genomes.

Functional lizard Type I IFNs can be found in lizard genome databases.

Turtle Type I IFNs have been purified (references from 1970s needed). They resemble mammalian homologs.

The existence of amphibian Type I IFNs have been inferred by the discovery of the genes encoding their receptor chains. They have not yet been purified, or their genes cloned.

Piscine (bony fish) Type I IFN has been cloned in several teleost species. With few exceptions, and in stark contrast to avian and especially mammalian IFNs, they are present as single genes (multiple genes are however seen in polyploid fish genomes, possibly arising from whole-genome duplication). Unlike amniote IFN genes, piscine Type I IFN genes contain introns, in similar positions as do their orthologs, certain interleukins.

References

External links

• Interferon Type I at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人における再発寛解型多発性硬化症の治療 treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis in adults
• 2. 成人における進行性多発性硬化症の治療 treatment of progressive multiple sclerosis in adults
• 3. 生物学的製剤を用いた癌治療の神経学的合併症 neurologic complications of cancer treatment with biologic agents
• 4. 小児多発性硬化症の治療および予後 treatment and prognosis of pediatric multiple sclerosis
• 5. 多発性硬化症が疑われる最初のエピソードからなる症候群 clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis

English Journal

• Porcine ISG15 modulates the antiviral response during pseudorabies virus replication.

• Liu H1, Li S2, Yang X2, Wang X2, Li Y2, Wang C2, Chen L3, Chang H4.
• Gene.Gene.2018 Dec 30;679:212-218. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.007. Epub 2018 Sep 7.
• PMID 30201339

• Triggering microglia through toll-like receptor 2 pathway induced interferon β expression in cell and animal model of Alzheimer's disease.

• Heshmati-Fakhr N1,2, Sotoodehnejadnematalahi F2, Yousefi N1,2, Sayyah M1, Hosseini SM3, Pourbadie HG1.
• Neuroreport.Neuroreport.2018 Dec 5;29(17):1456-1462. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000001132.
• PMID 30222725

• Interferon-stimulated gene 60 (ISG60) constitutes a negative feedback loop in the downstream of TLR3 signaling in hCMEC/D3 cells.

• Imaizumi T1, Sassa N2, Kawaguchi S3, Matsumiya T2, Yoshida H2, Seya K2, Shiratori T4, Hirono K5, Tanaka H6.
• Journal of neuroimmunology.J Neuroimmunol.2018 Nov 15;324:16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.08.016. Epub 2018 Sep 2.
• PMID 30195920

Japanese Journal

• 遺伝子組換え型インターフェロン-β-1b製剤の注射部位に発生した皮膚・軟部組織障害 : MRIが深達度判定に有用であった1例 (特集 薬疹・薬物障害)

• 倉繁 祐太,清水 知道,徳山 道生,山田 貴彦,馬渕 智生,本間 一成
• 皮膚科の臨床 61(1), 35-38, 2019-01
• NAID 40021782928

• 中型の先天性色素性母斑に生じた悪性黒色腫の1例

• 佐々木 優,岸 晶子,吉田 亜希,大原 國章,馬場 加那子,岩渕 千雅子,林 伸和
• Ｓｋｉｎ　Ｃａｎｃｅｒ 33(3), 173-178, 2019
• <p>65歳，男性。かかりつけ内科医に右腰背部の先天性色素性母斑上の色調変化と隆起性病変を指摘された。14×3cm大の褐色結節が集簇する局面の辺縁に，紅褐色結節と黒褐色斑を認めた。病理組織学的に複合母斑を背景に表皮および真皮浅層に異型メラノサイトが孤立性または大小の胞巣を形成して増殖していた。Tumor thicknessは2.7 mm。PET-CTで遠隔転移なし。2 cm離して拡大切 …
• NAID 130007605070

• ダブラフェニブ/トラメチニブのリチャレンジが無効だった頭部悪性黒色腫の1例

• 三浦 慎平,大西 正純,中川 倫代,角田 加奈子,佐藤 隆亮,馬場 俊右,前田 文彦,天野 博雄
• Ｓｋｉｎ　Ｃａｎｃｅｒ 33(3), 206-210, 2019
• <p>17歳，女性。頭部悪性黒色腫Stage IIIC（pT4aN3M0）の診断で術後に化学療法およびインターフェロン<i>β</i>による維持療法を行っていた。しかし，下垂体転移，乳房内転移が出現し，外科的に切除を行った。BRAF変異は陽性であった。術後に確認した頭部MRIで下垂体転移が残存していた。BRAF変異が陽性であり，ダブラフェニブ/トラメチニブの投与 …
• NAID 130007605025

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「インターフェロンβ」「インターフェロンベータ」「インターフェロン-β」「IFN-beta」
関連記事	「beta」「interferon」「be」

「インターフェロンβ」

　　[★]

英

interferon-β IFN-β, interferon-beta

同

インターフェロン-β、(添付文書)インターフェロンベータ、βインターフェロン beta-interferon β-interferon

商

IFNβ、アボネックス、フエロン

関

インターフェロン

概念

• インターフェロンの一つ。
• 線維芽細胞が産生する抗ウイルス性タンパク質。

IFN-β SMB.426

• 種類：I型インターフェロン
• 産生：線維芽細胞、上皮細胞など
• 種類：1種類
• 誘因：ウイルス、2本鎖RNA
• 作用：抗ウイルス効果、抗腫瘍効果

適応

• 多発性硬化症

「インターフェロンベータ」

　　[★]

英

interferon-β IFN-β, interferon-beta

商

IFNβモチダ、アボネックス、フエロン

関

インターフェロンβ、インターフェロンβ-1a

「インターフェロン-β」

　　[★]

英

interferon-beta

関

インターフェロンβ、インターフェロンベータ

「IFN-beta」

　　[★]

• インターフェロンβ

関

beta-interferon、interferon-beta

「beta」

　　[★]

β、ベータ 　 　 　 　

「interferon」

　　[★] インターフェロン 　 　

「be」

　　[★]