WordNet

a concavity in a surface produced by pressing; "he left the impression of his fingers in the soft mud" (同)impression, imprint
a long-term economic state characterized by unemployment and low prices and low levels of trade and investment (同)slump, economic crisis
a mental state characterized by a pessimistic sense of inadequacy and a despondent lack of activity
angular distance below the horizon (especially of a celestial object)
pushing down; "depression of the space bar on the typewriter"
sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy
secure against; "immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda"; "immune from criminal prosecution"
a person who is immune to a particular infection
relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection) (同)resistant
(usually followed by `to'
relating to the condition of immunity; "the immune system"
a period during the 1930s when there was a worldwide economic depression and mass unemployment (同)Great_Depression

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉『くぼ地』,くぼみ / 〈U〉〈C〉『意気消沈』,憂うつ;うつ病 / 〈C〉『不景気』,不況 / 〈U〉押し下げること,降下,低下
免疫の / 《補語にのみ用いて》(影響・攻撃・義務・税などを)免れている《+『against』(『from, to』)+『名』》

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児うつ病の治療の概要 overview of treatment for pediatric depression
2. うつ病のスクリーニング screening for depression
3. 成人における単極性うつ病 unipolar depression in adults clinical features
4. 成人における単極性うつ病：疫学、危険因子、評価、および予後 unipolar treatment resistant depression in adults epidemiology risk factors assessment and prognosis
5. 成人におけるうつ病：ニューロモデュレーション治療の概要 depression in adults overview of neuromodulation procedures

English Journal

Severe adverse events from the treatment of advanced melanoma: a systematic review of severe side effects associated with ipilimumab, vemurafenib, interferon alfa-2b, dacarbazine and interleukin-2.

Ma C1, Armstrong AW.Author information 1Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis , Sacramento, CA , USA.AbstractBACKGROUND: Current immunomodulatory agents for stage III and IV melanoma exert different mechanisms of action that manifest in distinct adverse events.
The Journal of dermatological treatment.J Dermatolog Treat.2014 Oct;25(5):401-8. doi: 10.3109/09546634.2013.813897. Epub 2013 Jul 3.
BACKGROUND: Current immunomodulatory agents for stage III and IV melanoma exert different mechanisms of action that manifest in distinct adverse events.OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to synthesize safety data from clinical trials on ipilimumab, vemurafenib, interferon (IFN) alfa-2b, dacarbaz
PMID 23763243

Age-specific transcriptional response to stroke.

Sieber MW1, Guenther M1, Jaenisch N1, Albrecht-Eckardt D2, Kohl M3, Witte OW4, Frahm C5.Author information 1Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.2Biocontrol Jena GmbH, Jena, Germany.3Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.4Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany; CSCC, Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.5Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany. Electronic address: christiane.frahm@med.uni-jena.de.AbstractIncreased age is a major risk factor for stroke incidence and post-ischemic mortality. To develop age-adjusted therapeutic interventions, a clear understanding of the complexity of age-related post-ischemic mechanisms is essential. Transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery-a model that closely resembles human stroke-was used to induce cerebral infarction in mice of 4 different ages (2, 9, 15, 24 months). By using Illumina cDNA microarrays and quantitative PCR we detected a distinct age-dependent response to stroke involving 350 differentially expressed genes. Our analyses also identified 327 differentially expressed genes that responded to stroke in an age-independent manner. These genes are involved in different aspects of the inflammatory and immune response, oxidative stress, cell cycle activation and/or DNA repair, apoptosis, cytoskeleton reorganization and/or astrogliosis, synaptic plasticity and/or neurotransmission, and depressive disorders and/or dopamine-, serotonin-, GABA-signaling. In agreement with our earlier work, aged brains displayed an attenuated inflammatory and immune response (Sieber et al., 2011) and a reduced impairment of post-stroke synaptic plasticity. Our data also revealed a distinct age-related susceptibility for post-ischemic depression, the most common neuropsychiatric consequence of stroke, which has a major influence on functional outcome.
Neurobiology of aging.Neurobiol Aging.2014 Jul;35(7):1744-54. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.01.012. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
Increased age is a major risk factor for stroke incidence and post-ischemic mortality. To develop age-adjusted therapeutic interventions, a clear understanding of the complexity of age-related post-ischemic mechanisms is essential. Transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery-a model that close
PMID 24529500

Depressive symptoms in hip fracture patients are associated with reduced monocyte superoxide production.

Duggal NA1, Beswetherick A2, Upton J3, Hampson P1, Phillips AC3, Lord JM4.Author information 1School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.2School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.3MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.4School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. Electronic address: J.M.Lord@bham.ac.uk.AbstractAgeing is accompanied by reduced functioning of the immune system, termed immunesenescence which is associated with increased risk of infection and mortality. However the immune system does not operate in isolation and can be modified by many environmental factors, including stress. In this study we determined whether physical stress (hip fracture) and psychological distress (depressive symptoms) had additive effects upon the aged immune system, specifically on monocyte numbers and function. We assessed immune function in 101 hip fracture patients (81 female) 6weeks and 6months after injury and 43 healthy age matched controls (28 females). Thirty-eight of the hip fracture group were found to be depressed at the 6week sampling. No differences in peripheral monocyte count, distribution of monocyte subsets or TNFα secretion were observed between hip fracture patients and healthy controls. However we observed significantly reduced superoxide production in response to Escherichia coli in the monocytes of hip fracture patients who developed depressive symptoms compared with non-depressed hip fracture patients (p=0.002) or healthy controls (p=0.008) 6weeks after the fracture which remained decreased 6months following injury. In previous studies we have shown an effect of depression on neutrophil superoxide generation in hip fracture patients, suggesting a particular susceptibility of this aspect of immune cell function to psychological stress.
Experimental gerontology.Exp Gerontol.2014 Jun;54:27-34. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.01.028. Epub 2014 Feb 8.
Ageing is accompanied by reduced functioning of the immune system, termed immunesenescence which is associated with increased risk of infection and mortality. However the immune system does not operate in isolation and can be modified by many environmental factors, including stress. In this study we
PMID 24512764