- 同
- hnRNA
WordNet
- of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of an atom; "nuclear physics"; "nuclear fission"; "nuclear forces"
- (weapons) deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy; "nuclear war"; "nuclear weapons"; "atomic bombs" (同)atomic
- constituting or like a nucleus; "annexation of the suburban fringe by the nuclear metropolis"; "the nuclear core of the congregation"
- of or relating to or constituting the nucleus of a cell; "nuclear membrane"; "nuclear division"
- consisting of elements that are not of the same kind or nature; "the population of the United States is vast and heterogeneous" (同)heterogenous
- the 18th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)r
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『核の』,細胞核の / [『原子』]『核の』
- 異種の,異質の / 異成分から成る,不均質の
- resistance / 17歳以下父兄同伴映画の表示 / rook
- ribonucleic acid・リボ核酸
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/12/13 02:58:45」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
|
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2007) |
See main article Primary transcript for more details
Precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is an immature single strand of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Pre-mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template in the cell nucleus by transcription. Pre-mRNA comprises the bulk of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA). The term hnRNA is often used as a synonym for pre-mRNA, although, in the strict sense, hnRNA may include nuclear RNA transcripts that do not end up as cytoplasmic mRNA.
Once pre-mRNA has been completely processed, it is termed "mature messenger RNA", "mature mRNA", or simply "mRNA".
Processing
Eukaryotic pre-mRNA exists only briefly before it is fully processed into mRNA. Pre-mRNAs include two different types of segments, exons and introns. Exons are segments that are retained in the final mRNA, whereas introns are removed in a process called splicing, which is performed by the spliceosome (except for self-splicing introns).
Additional processing steps attach modifications to the 5' and 3' ends of Eukaryotic pre-mRNA. These include a 5' cap of 7-methylguanosine and a poly-A tail. In addition, eukaryotic pre-mRNAs have their introns spliced out by spliceosomes made up of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins.[1][2]
When a pre-mRNA strand has been properly processed to an mRNA sequence, it is exported out of the nucleus and eventually translated into a protein – a process accomplished in conjunction with ribosomes.
References
- ^ Weaver, Robert F. (2005). Molecular Biology, p.432-448. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY. ISBN 0-07-284611-9.
- ^ Wahl, M. C.; Will, C. L.; Lührmann, R. (2009). "The Spliceosome: Design Principles of a Dynamic RNP Machine". Cell 136 (4): 701–718. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.02.009. PMID 19239890. edit
External links
- Scienceden.com RNA Article
Post-transcriptional modification
|
|
- Transcription
- Disorders of transcription and post transcriptional modification
|
|
Nuclear |
- Precursor mRNA
- 5′ cap formation
- Polyadenylation
- CPSF
- CstF
- PAP
- PAB2
- CFI
- CFII
- Poly(A)-binding protein
- RNA editing
- Polyuridylation
|
|
RNA splicing |
- Intron / Exon
- snRNP
- Spliceosome
- Alternative splicing
|
|
pre-mRNA factors |
- PLRG1
- PRPF3
- PRPF4
- PRPF4B
- PRPF6
- PRPF8
- PRPF18
- PRPF19
- PRPF31
- PRPF38A
- PRPF38B
- PRPF39
- PRPF40A
- PRPF40B
|
|
|
|
Cytosolic |
- 5′ cap methylation
- mRNA decapping
- DCP1A
- DCP1B
- DCP2
- DCPS
- EDC3
- EDC4
|
|
- ''B bsyn: dna
- tscr
- fact
- tcrg
- nucl
- rnat
- rept
- ptts
- tltn
- pttl
- dnab
- stru
|
|
Types of nucleic acids
|
|
Constituents |
- Nucleobases
- Nucleosides
- Nucleotides
- Deoxynucleotides
|
|
Ribonucleic acids
(coding / non-coding) |
Translational |
- Messenger
- precursor / heterogenous nuclear
- Transfer
- Ribosomal
- Transfer-messenger
|
|
Regulatory |
- Interferential
- micro
- small interfering
- piwi-interacting
- Antisense
- Processual
- small nuclear
- small nucleolar
- Y RNA
|
|
others |
- Guide
- Small hairpin
- Small temporal
- Trans-acting small interfering
- Subgenomic messenger
|
|
|
Deoxyribonucleic acids |
- Complementary
- Chloroplast
- Genomic
- Multicopy single-stranded
- Mitochondrial
|
|
Analogues |
- Xeno
- Locked
- Peptide
- Morpholino
|
|
Cloning vectors |
- Phagemid
- Plasmid
- Lambda phage
- Cosmid
- Fosmid
- Artificial chromosomes
- P1-derived
- bacterial
- yeast
- human
|
|
- Biochemical families
- carbohydrates
- alcohols
- glycoproteins
- glycosides
- lipids
- eicosanoids
- fatty acids / intermediates
- glycerides
- phospholipids
- sphingolipids
- steroids
- nucleic acids
- constituents / intermediates
- proteins
- amino acids / intermediates
- tetrapyrroles / intermediates
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Proteomic and Functional Analyses of Protein-DNA Complexes During Gene Transfer.
- Badding MA, Lapek JD, Friedman AE, Dean DA.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
- Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy.Mol Ther.2012 Nov 20. doi: 10.1038/mt.2012.231. [Epub ahead of print]
- One of the barriers to successful nonviral gene delivery is the crowded cytoplasm, which plasmids need to actively traverse for gene expression. Relatively little is known about how this process occurs, but our lab and others have shown that the microtubule network and motors are required for plasmi
- PMID 23164933
- hnRNPL and nucleolin bind LINE-1 RNA and function as host factors to modulate retrotransposition.
- Peddigari S, Li PW, Rabe JL, Martin SL.SourceDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Human Medical Genetics Program and Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, PO Box 6511, MS 8108, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Nucleic acids research.Nucleic Acids Res.2012 Nov 17. [Epub ahead of print]
- Long INterspersed Element one (LINE-1, or L1), is a widely distributed, autonomous retrotransposon in mammalian genomes. During retrotransposition, L1 RNA functions first as a dicistronic mRNA and then as a template for cDNA synthesis. Previously, we defined internal ribosome entry sequences (IRESs)
- PMID 23161687
Japanese Journal
- Antiviral Activity of Paulownia tomentosa against Enterovirus 71 of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
- Ji Ping,Chen Changmai,Hu Yanan [他],Zhan Zixuan,Pan Wei,Li Rongrong,Li Erguang,Ge Hui-Ming,Yang Guang
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 38(1), 1-6, 2015
- … As an RNA virus, the genome of EV71 has an internal ribosome entry site that interacts with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) and regulates viral translation. … Cross-linking followed by immunoprecipitation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that EV71 RNA was associated with hnRNPs A1 and A2. …
- NAID 130004872241
- Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein R Cooperates with Mediator to Facilitate Transcription Reinitiation on the c-Fos Gene
- Fukuda Aya,Shimada Miho,Nakadai Tomoyoshi,Nishimura Ken,Hisatake Koji
- PLoS ONE 8(8), e72496, 2013-08
- … Here we show that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein R (hnRNP R) facilitates transcription reinitiation of the c-fos promoter in vitro in cooperation with Mediator. … Consistently, hnRNP R interacts with the Scaffold components (Mediator, TBP, and TFIIH) as well as TFIIB, which recruits RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and TFIIF to Scaffold. …
- NAID 120005324989
- An X-chromosome RNA-binding motif protein (RBMX) is required for proper kinetochore formation
- Hann Lee Mei,Lin Linyen,Takata Hideaki [他],MORIMOTO Akihiro,UCHIYAMA Susumu,MATSUNAGA Sachihiro,FUKUI Kiichi
- Chromosome science 14(1), 17-21, 2012-03-01
- … RBMX is an RNA-binding motif protein identified as a component of purified human metaphase chromosomes. … We have analyzed the functional significance of RBMX by electron microscopy (EM) in combination with RNA interference (RNAi). …
- NAID 10030317380
Related Links
- RNA ribonucleic acid. complementary RNA (cRNA) viral RNA that is transcribed from negative-sense RNA and serves as a template for protein synthesis. heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) a diverse group of long primary ...
- RNA (är n-) n. A polymeric constituent of all living cells and many viruses, consisting of a long, usually single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- heterogeneous nuclear RNA、hnRNA
- 関
- ヘテロ核RNA、不均一核リボ核酸
[★]
ヘテロ核RNA
- 同
- heterogeneous nuclear RNA
- 関
- See Heterogeneous nuclear RNA
[★]
- 英
- heterogeneous nuclear RNA
- 関
- ヘテロ核RNA、ヘテロ核リボ核酸
[★]
- 英
- heterogeneous nuclear RNA, hnRNA
- 同
- 不均一核RNA
- 関
- RNA
[★]
ヘテロ核RNA
- 関
- heterogeneous nuclear RNA、hnRNA
[★]
- 不均一な、不均一性の、異種性の、異種起源の、異質な
- 関
- alien、foreign、hetero、heterogeneity、heterogeneously、heterogenous、heterogenously、heterologous、heterologously、nonuniform、nonuniformity、ununiform、ununiformity、ununiformly
[★]
[★]
- 関
- cell nuclei、cell nucleus、nuclei、nucleo、nucleus
[★]
- 同
- リボ核酸 ribonucleic acid RNA
- 関
- DNA