WordNet

of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
one of greater rank or station or quality (同)higher-up, superordinate
the head of a religious community
(often followed by `to'
(sometimes followed by `to'
having an orbit farther from the sun than the Earths orbit; "Mars and Jupiter are the closest in of the superior planets"
of high or superior quality or performance; "superior wisdom derived from experience"; "superior math students"
stalk bearing an inflorescence or solitary flower
the thin process of tissue that attaches a polyp to the body
a bundle of myelinated neurons joining different parts of the brain (同)cerebral_peduncle
a town in northwest Wisconsin on Lake Superior across from Duluth
relating to or associated with the cerebellum; "cerebellar artery"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(程度・質が)『普通(平均)以上に優れた』,優秀な / (地位・階級などが)『上位の』,上級の,目上の / (数量的に)勝る,優勢な / (用動が)偉ぶった,高慢な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(…に)屈しない,動じない《+to+名》 / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(動・植物の器官や部分が)上位の,上についている / (地位・階級などが)『上位の人』,上役,上司,先輩 / 『いっそう優れた人』 / 《しばしば S-》修道院長
《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
花柄 / (クラゲ・エビなどの)柄
スペリオル湖(lake~;北米五大湖中で最北最大のもの)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/08/01 19:57:32」(JST)

wiki en

In the human brain, the superior cerebellar peduncle (brachium conjunctivum) is a paired structure of white matter that connects the cerebellum to the midbrain. It consists mainly of efferent fibers, the cerebellothalamic tract that runs from a cerebellar hemisphere to the contralateral thalamus, and the cerebellorubral tract that runs from a cerebellar hemisphere to the red nucleus. It also contains afferent tracts, most prominent of which is the ventral spinocerebellar tract. Other afferent tracts are the trigeminothalamic fibers, tectocerebellar fibers, and noradrenergic fibers from the locus coeruleus. The superior peduncle emerges from the upper and medial parts of the white matter of each hemisphere^{[citation needed]} and is placed under cover of the upper part of the cerebellum.

Structure

Superior cerebellar peduncles are connected together by the anterior medullary velum, which can be followed upward as far as the inferior colliculi, under which they disappear.

Below, they form the upper lateral boundaries of the fourth ventricle, but as they ascend they converge on the dorsal aspect of the ventricle and thus assist in forming its roof.

Decussation

Deep dissection of brain-stem showing decussation

The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle is the crossing of fibers of the superior cerebellar peduncle across the midline, and is located at the level of the inferior colliculi. It comprises the cerebellothalamic tract, which arises from the dentate nucleus (therefore also known as dentatothalamic tract), as well as the cerebellorubral tract, which arises from the globose and emboliform nuclei and project to the contralateral red nucleus to eventually become the rubrospinal tract. It is also known as horseshoe-shaped commissure of Wernekinck.^[1] It is important as an anatomical landmark, as lesions above it cause contralateral cerebellar signs, while lesions below it cause ipsilateral cerebellar signs.

Additional images

Scheme showing the connections of the several parts of the brain.
Superficial dissection of brain-stem. Lateral view.
Coronal section of the pons, at its upper part.
Sagittal section through right cerebellar hemisphere. The right olive has also been cut sagittally.
Dissection showing the course of the cerebrospinal fibers.
Upper part of medulla spinalis and hind- and mid-brains; posterior aspect, exposed in situ.

External links

Atlas image: n2a7p6 at the University of Michigan Health System
Atlas image: n2a7p4 at the University of Michigan Health System
http://isc.temple.edu/neuroanatomy/lab/atlas/micn/
http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/Bs97/TEXT/P18/sum.htm
NIF Search - Decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle via the Neuroscience Information Framework

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

^ Voogd J, van Baarsen K (February 2014). "The horseshoe-shaped commissure of Wernekinck or the decussation of the brachium conjunctivum methodological changes in the 1840s". N. Cerebellum. 13 (1): 113–20. doi:10.1007/s12311-013-0520-9. PMID 24078481.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における小脳性運動失調の概要 overview of cerebellar ataxia in adults
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5. アルコールの慢性神経学的合併症の概要 overview of the chronic neurologic complications of alcohol

English Journal

Uncrossed epileptic seizures in Joubert syndrome.

López Ruiz P1, García García ME1, Dicapua Sacoto D1, Marcos-Dolado A1.
BMJ case reports.BMJ Case Rep.2015 May 22;2015. pii: bcr2014207719. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2014-207719.
Joubert syndrome and related disorders comprise a subgroup of ciliopathies defined by the presence of the 'molar tooth sign', a midbrain-hindbrain malformation identifiable by neuroimaging. Characteristically, the corticospinal tract and superior cerebellar peduncles do not decussate. Epileptic seiz
PMID 26002775

Segmentation of the Cerebellar Peduncles Using a Random Forest Classifier and a Multi-object Geometric Deformable Model: Application to Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 6.

Ye C1, Yang Z, Ying SH, Prince JL.
Neuroinformatics.Neuroinformatics.2015 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print]
The cerebellar peduncles, comprising the superior cerebellar peduncles (SCPs), the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP), and the inferior cerebellar peduncles (ICPs), are white matter tracts that connect the cerebellum to other parts of the central nervous system. Methods for automatic segmentation and
PMID 25749985

Undecussated superior cerebellar peduncles and absence of the dorsal transverse pontine fibers: a new axonal guidance disorder?

Kweldam CF1, Gwynn H, Vashist A, Hoon AH Jr, Huisman TA, Poretti A.
Cerebellum (London, England).Cerebellum.2014 Aug;13(4):536-40. doi: 10.1007/s12311-014-0562-7.
Axonal guidance disorders are a newly recognized group of diseases of the human central nervous system. These disorders are characterized by white matter tracts with abnormal course and failure to cross the midline or presence of ectopic white matter tracts. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and fiber
PMID 24771489

「上小脳脚交叉」

Superior cerebellar peduncle
	Sagittal section of the cerebellum, near the junction of the vermis with the hemisphere. (Superior peduncle labeled at upper right.)
	Dissection showing the projection fibers of the cerebellum. (Superior peduncle labeled at center top.)
Details
Identifiers
Latin	pedunculus cerebellaris superior
NeuroNames	ancil-1289712953
NeuroLex ID	Superior cerebellar peduncles
Dorlands; /Elsevier	p_10/12622535
TA	A14.1.05.006; A14.1.07.417; A14.1.08.678
FMA	72495
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy [edit on Wikidata]