crown-rump length

頭殿長

WordNet

1. put an enamel cover on; "crown my teeth"
2. the upper branches and leaves of a tree or other plant (同)treetop
3. an English coin worth 5 shillings
4. the center of a cambered road (同)crest
5. (dentistry) dental appliance consisting of an artificial crown for a broken or decayed tooth; "tomorrow my dentist will fit me for a crown" (同)crownwork, jacket, jacket crown, cap
6. an ornamental jeweled headdress signifying sovereignty (同)diadem
7. a wreath or garland worn on the head to signify victory
8. the part of a hat (the vertex) that covers the crown of the head
9. the part of a tooth above the gum that is covered with enamel
10. invest with regal power; enthrone; "The prince was crowned in Westminster Abbey" (同)coronate
11. be the culminating event; "The speech crowned the meeting" (同)top
12. form the topmost part of; "A weather vane crowns the building"
13. utter shrill sounds; "The cocks crowed all morning"
14. black birds having a raucous call
15. the cry of a cock (or an imitation of it)
16. express pleasure verbally; "She crowed with joy"
17. a section of something that is long and narrow; "a length of timber"; "a length of tubing"
18. the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place; "the length of the table was 5 feet"
19. the property of being the extent of something from beginning to end; "the editor limited the length of my article to 500 words"
20. representing a level of the highest possible achievement or attainment; "the crowning accomplishment of his career"
21. forming or providing a crown or summit; "the crowning star on a Christmas tree"; "her hair was her crowning glory"
22. fleshy hindquarters; behind the loin and above the round

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈C〉(王位の象徴として国王･王妃などがかぶる)王冠・《the~,[the]C-》『王位』,統治権;君主,王,女王 / 〈C〉(古代・中世で国王などから優者に与えられる)(…の)花冠,頭飾り《+『of』+『名』》;(一般に勝利の栄冠 / 《the~》(…の)絶頂,極致,きわみ《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(頭・帽子・山・アーチなどの)最も高い部分,頂(いただき) / 〈C〉歯冠;人工歯冠 / 〈C〉《英》クラウン紙幣(英国の旧銀貨);(一般に)王冠をデザインに使った貨幣 / …‘の'頭に王冠をのせる,'を'王位につける / (栄冠・賞を)…‘に'授ける《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈物が〉…‘の'頂部[てっぺん]をおおっている / 《『crown』+『名』+『名』》(…として)…'を'認める / (…を)…‘に'歯冠をかぶせる《+『名』+『with』+『名』》
2. 『カラス』 / =crowbar
3. 《単位形で》おんどりのかん高い鳴き声 / 〈娩〉《通例単数形で》キャッキャッという赤ん坊の笑い声 / 〈おんどりが〉ときを告げる / 〈赤ん坊が〉キャッキャッと笑う / (一般に)〈人が〉誇らしげに歓声をあげる
4. 〈U〉〈C〉(空間・時間の)『長さ』 / 〈U〉〈C〉長いこと,長い状態 / 〈C〉単位となる長さ;(競馬・競艇の)1馬身,1艇身 / 〈C〉ある長さの物(部分)
5. この上ない,無上の
6. 〈C〉(鳥獣の)臀(でん)部,(人の)しり / 〈U〉(特に牛の)しり肉

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/27 14:51:07」(JST)

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An ultrasound showing a fetus measured to have a crown-rump length of 1.67 cm, and estimated to have a gestational age of 8 weeks and 1 day

Crown-rump length (CRL) is the measurement of the length of human embryos and fetuses from the top of the head (crown) to the bottom of the buttocks (rump). It is typically determined from ultrasound imagery and can be used to estimate gestational age.

Measuring

The embryo and fetus float in the amniotic fluid inside the uterus of the mother usually in a curved posture resembling the letter C. The measurement can actually vary slightly if the fetus is temporarily stretching (straightening) its body. The measurement needs to be in the natural state with an unstretched body which is actually C shaped. The measurement of CRL is useful in determining the gestational age (menstrual age starting from the first day of the last menstrual period) and thus the expected date of delivery (EDD). Different babies do grow at different rates and thus the gestational age is an approximation. Recent evidence has indicated that CRL growth (and thus the approximation of gestational age) may be influenced by maternal factors such as age, smoking, and folic acid intake. Early in pregnancy it is accurate within +/- 4 days but later in pregnancy due to different growth rates, the accuracy is less. In that situation, other parameters can be used in addition to CRL. The length of the umbilical cord is approximately equal to the CRL throughout pregnancy.

Gestational age is not the same as fertilization age. It takes about 14 days from the first day of the last menstrual period for conception to take place and thus for the conceptus to form. The age from this point in time (conception) is called the fertilization age and is thus 2 weeks shorter than the gestational age. Thus a 6 week gestational age would be a 4 week fertilization age. Some authorities however casually interchange these terms^{[citation needed]} and the reader is advised to be cautious. An average gestational period (duration of pregnancy from the first day of the last menstrual period up to delivery) is 280 days. Thus if all months were of 31 days, it would be 9 months and 1 day.

Typical measurements

Gestational Age for CRL

Age	CRL (cm)
6.1 Weeks:	0.4 cm
7.2 Weeks:	1.0 cm
8.0 Weeks:	1.6 cm
9.2 Weeks:	2.5 cm
9.9 Weeks:	3.0 cm
10.9 Weeks:	4.0 cm
12.1 Weeks:	5.5 cm
13.2 Weeks:	6.90 cm
14.0 Weeks:	8.0 cm

The following formula is an approximation:

Gestational age [weeks of pregnancy] = crown-rump length (cm) + 6.5

See also

• Obstetric ultrasonography

References

• http://www.babycenter.com/general/pregnancy/1290794.html
• http://www.fpnotebook.com/OB172.htm

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 妊娠期間の出生前評価 prenatal assessment of gestational age
• 2. 妊娠第一期での成長遅延の診断および転帰 diagnosis and outcome of first trimester growth delay
• 3. 自然流産：危険因子、病因、臨床症状、および診断的評価 spontaneous abortion risk factors etiology clinical manifestations and diagnostic evaluation
• 4. 妊娠第1期の嚢胞状リンパ管腫および後頚部浮腫 first trimester cystic hygroma and increased nuchal translucency
• 5. 妊娠早期の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of early pregnancy

English Journal

• Sensitivity of first-trimester ultrasound in the detection of congenital anomalies in twin pregnancies: population study and systematic review.

• D'Antonio F1, Familiari A1, Thilaganathan B1, Papageorghiou AT1, Manzoli L2, Khalil A1, Bhide A1.
• Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica.Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand.2016 Dec;95(12):1359-1367. doi: 10.1111/aogs.13017. Epub 2016 Oct 20.
• INTRODUCTION: The first aim of this study was to ascertain the diagnostic performance of first-trimester ultrasound in detecting congenital anomalies in twins. The secondary aim was to explore the strength of association between different pregnancy characteristics and early detection of structural a
• PMID 27622859

• Early development of the malleus and incus in humans.

• Burford CM1, Mason MJ1.
• Journal of anatomy.J Anat.2016 Dec;229(6):857-870. doi: 10.1111/joa.12520. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
• It is widely accepted by developmental biologists that the malleus and incus of the mammalian middle ear are first pharyngeal arch derivatives, a contention based originally on classical embryology that has now been backed up by molecular evidence from rodent models. However, it has been claimed in
• PMID 27456698

• Identification of the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein family (PAGs) and some aspects of placenta development in the European moose (Alces alces L.).

• Lipka A1, Panasiewicz G2, Majewska M3, Bieniek-Kobuszewska M1, Saveljev AP4, Pankratov AP4, Szafranska B1.
• Theriogenology.Theriogenology.2016 Dec;86(9):2119-2135. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.07.006. Epub 2016 Jul 15.
• This study describes the identification and a broad-based characterization of the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) genes expressed in the synepitheliochorial placenta of the Alces alces (Aa; N = 51). We used: (1) both size measurements (cm) of various Aa embryos/fetuses (crown-rump length)
• PMID 27501873

Japanese Journal

• 東部ナイジェリアにおける出生前バイオモニタリングに向けて : 新生児の鉛濃度および人類学的計測値の評価

• OBI Ejeatuluchukwu,ORISAKWE Orish Ebere,OKAFOR Charles,IGWEBE Anthony,EBENEBE Joy,AFONNE Onyenmechi Johnson,IFEDIATA Francis,NILS Basu,NRIAGU Jerome
• 産業医科大学雑誌 36(3), 159-170, 2014-09-01
• この研究は,ナイジェリアにおいて,母体および臍帯血の血中鉛濃度(BLL)を測定し,他の地域と比較することを目的とする.我々は,母親の血液および臍帯血のBLLと,新生児の人類学的計測値との関連性の調査を行った.ナイジェリア南東部ンネウィの別の3病院で出産した119人の女性から採取した,臍帯血および母親の血液サンプルを用いてBLLを測定した(誘導結合プラズマ質量分析法(ICP-MS)を使用).新生児の …
• NAID 110009843726

• 東部ナイジェリアにおける出生前バイオモニタリングに向けて：新生児の鉛濃度および人類学的計測値の評価

• Ejeatuluchukwu OBI,Orish Ebere ORISAKWE,Charles OKAFOR,Anthony IGWEBE,Joy EBENEBE,Onyenmechi Johnson AFONNE,Francis IFEDIATA,Basu NILS,Jerome NRIAGU
• Journal of UOEH 36(3), 159-170, 2014
• この研究は，ナイジェリアにおいて，母体および臍帯血の血中鉛濃度（BLL）を測定し，他の地域と比較することを目的とする．我々は，母親の血液および臍帯血のBLLと，新生児の人類学的計測値との関連性の調査を行った．ナイジェリア南東部ンネウィの別の3病院で出産した119人の女性から採取した，臍帯血および母親の血液サンプルを用いてBLLを測定した（誘導結合プラズマ質量分析法（ICP-MS）を使用）．新生児の …
• NAID 130004690683

• Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Equine Fetal Growth Throughout Gestation in Normal Mares Using a Convex Transducer

• , , , , , , ,
• Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 76(7), 947-953, 2014
• … We demonstrated changes in fetal indices, such as crown rump length (CRL), fetal heart rate (FHR), fetal eye and kidney and the combined thickness of uterus and placenta (CTUP). …
• NAID 130003391307

Related Links

• Crown-rump length | definition of crown-rump length by ...

length [length] an expression of the longest dimension of an object, or of the measurement between its two ends. crown-heel length (CHL) the distance from the crown of the head to the heel in embryos, fetuses, and infants; the ...

• The Crown-rump Length - Obstetric ultrasound -- a ...

The Crown-rump Length Weeks CRL (cm) 6.0.45 6.5.65 7.0.92 7.5 1.3 8.0 1.5 8.5 1.9 9.0 2.2 9.5 2.7 10.0 3.1 10.5 3.6 11.0 4.1 11.5 4.7 12.0 5.2 12.5 6.0 13.0 6.5 13.5 7.4 14.0 7.9 ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「頭殿長」「CRL」
関連記事	「rump」「crown」「crow」「crowned」

「頭殿長」

　　[★]

crown, rump

英

crown-rump length, CRL

同

胎児頭殿長

関

妊娠週数

GS->CRL->BPD

• 8-11週で分娩日の推定に用いられる。
• 胎児は丸まっているので、この状態で頭の先から尻の先までを測定する。

「CRL」

　　[★] 頭殿長 crown-rump length

「rump」

　　[★]

• n.

• (動物の)しり、臀部。(鳥の)背尾部、(人間の)しり、けつ
• (牛の)しり肉
• 残り物、残りかす
• 残党

　 　

「crown」

　　[★]

• n.

• (物の)頂上、最後部。(頭骨の頂部)冠。頭

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「crow」

　　[★]

• n.

• カラス

関

raven

　 　 　 　 　 　

「crowned」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 王冠をいただいた、王位についた