絨毛膜　

WordNet

the outermost membranous sac enclosing the embryo in higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds and mammals)
of or relating to a chorion; "a chorionic villus is a minute vascular projection on the fetal chorion"

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/27 00:18:11」(JST)

wiki ja

[Wiki ja表示]

『Chorion』（コリオン）は、ルルティアの5枚目のアルバム。

解説[編集]

2006年11月8日に発売された。全作詞作曲はルルティア。編曲はルルティア・佐藤鷹。

インディーズ独立後初のアルバムとなる。シングル曲「スピネル」「微笑みのマリア」「玲々テノヒラ」含むオリジナル曲10曲に加え、収録曲5曲のインストゥルメンタルを収録した全15曲収録。

タイトルの「Chorion」とは絨毛膜の意味。ルルティア自身がイメージするものは「自分に見えている世界と見えていない世界の境界線の象徴」「来るべき時に自然と課題が達成されるような内面的な象徴」であり、「（インディーズ移行に伴う）環境の変化や置かれているポジションに対しなすべきことを一つ一つ積み重ねて行って次の世界に進みたい」という想いを込めてタイトルが付けられた。

収録曲[編集]

ABINTRA
玲々テノヒラ
星に花、灰色の雨
水景色星模様
願いの届く日
スピネル
Time Traveler
パレード
微笑みのマリア
マグノリアの情景
ABINTRA 〜Inst〜
水景色星模様〜Inst〜
願いの届く日〜Inst〜
スピネル〜Inst〜
微笑みのマリア〜Inst〜

外部リンク[編集]

Chorion

この「Chorion」は、アルバムに関連した書きかけ項目です。加筆、訂正などして下さる協力者を求めています（P:音楽/PJアルバム）。

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For the chorion in vertebrate eggs, see Chorion (egg).

For the entertainment company see Chorion (company).

In humans and most mammals, the chorion is one of the membranes that exist during pregnancy between the developing fetus and mother. It is formed by extraembryonic mesoderm and the two layers of trophoblast and surrounds the embryo and other membranes. The chorionic villi emerge from the chorion, invade the endometrium, and allow transfer of nutrients from maternal blood to fetal blood.

Layers[edit]

The chorion consists of two layers: an outer formed by the trophoblast, and an inner formed by the somatic mesoderm; the amnion is in contact with the latter.

The trophoblast is made up of an internal layer of cubical or prismatic cells, the cytotrophoblast or layer of Langhans, and an external layer of richly nucleated protoplasm devoid of cell boundaries, the syncytiotrophoblast.

Growth[edit]

The chorion undergoes rapid proliferation and forms numerous processes, the chorionic villi, which invade and destroy the uterine decidua and at the same time absorb from it nutritive materials for the growth of the embryo.

The chorionic villi are at first small and non-vascular, and consist of the trophoblast only, but they increase in size and ramify, whereas the mesoderm, carrying branches of the umbilical vessels, grows into them, and, in this way, are vascularized.

Blood is carried to the villi by the paired umbilical arteries, which branch into chorionic arteries and enter the chorionic villi as cotyledon arteries. After circulating through the capillaries of the villi, the blood is returned to the embryo by the umbilical veins. Until about the end of the second month of pregnancy, the villi cover the entire chorion, and are almost uniform in size; but, after this, they develop unequally.

Parts[edit]

The part of the chorion that is in contact with the decidua capsularis undergoes atrophy, so that by the fourth month scarcely a trace of the villi is left. This part of the chorion becomes smooth, and is named the chorion laeve (from the Latin word levis, meaning smooth). As it takes no share in the formation of the placenta, this is also named the non-placental part of the chorion. As the chorion grows, the chorion laeve comes in contact with the decidua parietalis and these layers fuse.

On the other hand, the villi at the embryonic pole, which is in contact with the decidua basalis, increase greatly in size and complexity, and hence this part is named the chorion frondosum.

Thus the placenta develops from the chorion frondosum and the decidua basalis.

Monochorionic twins[edit]

Main article: Monochorionic twins

Monochorionic twins are twins that share the same placenta. It occurs in 0.3% of all pregnancies,^[1] and in 75% of monozygotic (identical) twins, when the split takes place after the third day after fertilization.^[2] The remaining 25% of monozygous twins become dichorionic diamniotic.^[2] The condition may affect any type of multiple birth, resulting in monochorionic multiples.

Additional images[edit]

Section through the embryo.
Diagram illustrating early formation of allantois and differentiation of body-stalk.
Diagram showing later stage of allantoic development with commencing constriction of the yolk-sac.
Scheme of placental circulation.

References[edit]

^ Cordero L, Franco A, Joy SD, O'shaughnessy RW (December 2005). "Monochorionic diamniotic infants without twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome". Journal of Perinatology 25 (12): 753–8. doi:10.1038/sj.jp.7211405. PMID 16281049.
^ ^a ^b Shulman, Lee S.; van Vugt, John M. G. (2006). Prenatal medicine. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis. p. 447. ISBN 0-8247-2844-0.

External links[edit]

BU Histology Learning System: 19903loa - "Female Reproductive System: placenta, chorionic plate"
McGill

This article incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 胎盤の肉眼的評価 gross examination of the placenta
2. 胎盤の発達および生理学 placental development and physiology
3. 羊水量調節の生理学 physiology of amniotic fluid volume regulation
4. 自然早産の病因 pathogenesis of spontaneous preterm birth
5. 続発性羊膜帯 amniotic band sequence

English Journal

Neofunctionalization of zona pellucida proteins enhances freeze-prevention in the eggs of Antarctic notothenioids.

Cao L1,2, Huang Q1, Wu Z1, Cao DD3, Ma Z1, Xu Q1, Hu P1, Fu Y1, Shen Y2, Chan J1, Zhou CZ3, Zhai W1, Chen L1.
Nature communications.Nat Commun.2016 Oct 4;7:12987. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12987.
The mechanisms by which the eggs of the Antarctic notothenioid fishes avoid freezing are not fully understood. Zona pellucida proteins (ZPs) are constituents of the chorion which forms a protective matrix surrounding the egg. Here we report occurrence of freezing temperature-related gene expansion a
PMID 27698404

Dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane regulates stem cell activity in vitro.

Massee M1, Chinn K1, Lei J1, Lim JJ1, Young CS1, Koob TJ2.
Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials.J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater.2016 Oct;104(7):1495-503. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.33478. Epub 2015 Jul 14.
Human-derived placental tissues have been shown in randomized clinical trials to be effective for healing chronic wounds, and have also demonstrated the ability to recruit stem cells to the wound site in vitro and in vivo. In this study, PURION(®) Processed dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane
PMID 26175122

Zebrafish as a possible bioindicator of organic pollutants in drinking waters with effects on reproduction: are effects cumulative or reversible?

Martínez-Sales M1, García-Ximénez F1, Espinós FJ1.
Zygote (Cambridge, England).Zygote.2016 Oct;24(5):692-9. doi: 10.1017/S0967199415000702. Epub 2016 May 3.
Organic pollutants are present in drinking waters due to inefficient detection and removal treatments. For this reason, zebrafish is proposed as a complementary indicator in conventional potabilization treatments. Based on the most sensitive parameters detected in our previous work, in this study we
PMID 27140034

Japanese Journal

Transmission and Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Accessory Cells and Chorion During Development of Ciona intestinalis Type B Embryos and the Impact of Their Removal on Cell Morphology

Thompson Helen,Shimeld Sebastian M.
Zoological science 32(3), 217-222, 2015-06
NAID 40020490984

Growth of the Medaka (IV) ―Dynamics of Oocytes in the Ovary During Metamorphosis

Iwamatsu Takashi
愛知教育大学研究報告. 自然科学編 64, 37-46, 2015-03-01
… In the ovary of larvae measuring 13 mm TL or greater, the largest oocytes enter stage IV in which the chorion (egg envelope) with attaching and villi (non-attaching filaments) begins to form. …
NAID 120005573549

Histological characteristics of the oocyte chorion in wild post-spawning and artificially matured Japanese eels Anguilla japonica

Izumi Hikari,Hagihara Seishi,Kurogi Hiroaki [他],Chow Seinen,Tsukamoto Katsumi,Kagawa Hirohiko,Kudo Hideaki,Ijiri Shigeho,Adachi Shinji
Fisheries science 81(2), 321-329, 2015-03
… To describe the histological characteristics of the oocyte chorion in wild adult and artificially matured Japanese eels, we investigated changes in chorion thickness during artificially induced oogenesis and compared the chorion thickness and ultrastructure between wild and artificially matured eels. … In artificially maturing eels, the chorion thickness and volume increased significantly with increasing follicle diameter, peaking at approximately 450 A mu m; …
NAID 120005611256

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「卵膜」「chorionic」「コリオン」「serosal」「egg membrane」
拡張検索	「chorionic gonadotropin」
関連記事	「chori」

「卵膜」

Chorion
	Diagram showing earliest observed stage of human embryo.
	Human fetus, enclosed in the amnion.
Latin	Chorantophenallamcentaconbrophynat
Gray's	subject #12 60
MeSH	Chorion
Code	TE E5.11.3.1.1.0.3

『Chorion』
ルルティアのスタジオ・アルバム
リリース	2006年11月8日
録音	2006年
ジャンル	J-POP
時間	70分20秒
レーベル	PHOERIX RECORDS
プロデュース	Rurutia & Taka Sato
チャート最高順位
	チャート圏外（オリコン）;
ルルティア年表