WordNet
- the inability of a bank to meet its credit obligations
- a supply or stock held in reserve for future use (especially in emergencies)
- the funds held by a gambling house or the dealer in some gambling games; "he tried to break the bank at Monte Carlo"
- tip laterally; "the pilot had to bank the aircraft"
- a building in which the business of banking transacted; "the bank is on the corner of Nassau and Witherspoon" (同)bank building
- a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning); "the plane went into a steep bank"
- a slope in the turn of a road or track; the outside is higher than the inside in order to reduce the effects of centrifugal force (同)cant, camber
- a long ridge or pile; "a huge bank of earth"
- an arrangement of similar objects in a row or in tiers; "he operated a bank of switches"
- sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water); "they pulled the canoe up on the bank"; "he sat on the bank of the river and watched the currents"
- act as the banker in a game or in gambling
- be in the banking business
- cover with ashes so to control the rate of burning; "bank a fire"
- do business with a bank or keep an account at a bank; "Where do you bank in this town?"
- enclose with a bank; "bank roads"
- lack of success; "he felt that his entire life had been a failure"; "that year there was a crop failure"
- loss of ability to function normally; "kidney failure"
- an act that fails; "his failure to pass the test"
- an unexpected omission; "he resented my failure to return his call"; "the mechanics failure to check the brakes"
- a person with a record of failing; someone who loses consistently (同)loser, nonstarter, unsuccessful person
- an event that does not accomplish its intended purpose; "the surprise party was a complete failure"
- 100 bani equal 1 leu in Moldova
- 100 bani equal 1 leu in Romania
- prohibit especially by legal means or social pressure; "Smoking is banned in this building"
- an official prohibition or edict against something (同)banning, forbiddance, forbidding
- forbid the public distribution of ( a movie or a newspaper) (同)censor
- engaging in the business of keeping money for savings and checking accounts or for exchange or for issuing loans and credit etc.
- transacting business with a bank; depositing or withdrawing funds or requesting a loan etc.
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『土手』,堤 / 川岸;《複数形で》(川の)両岸 / (土手のように)長く盛り上がったもの / 州(す),浅瀬 / (丘などの,通例けわしい)傾斜面,坂 / (飛行機が施回するときの)傾斜 / |'を'土手で囲う(守る) / …‘に'土手を築く / …'を'土手のように積み上げる《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / (長くもたせるために)〈火〉‘に'灰をかぶせる《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / 〈機体・車体〉'を'横に傾ける / 積み重なる,層を成す《+『up』》 / 〈車・飛行機が〉横に傾く
- 『銀行』 / 貯金箱 / 貯蔵,蓄え / 《複合語に用いて》「…の貯蔵所」の意を表す / 〈金〉'を'銀行に預金する / 銀行業を営む / (…に)預金している《+『with(at)』+『名』》
- (…の)列,段《+『of』+『名』》 / (ピアノ・タイプライターなどの)キーの列 / (ボートの)オールの列 / …'を'列に並べる
- 〈U〉(…における)『失敗』,不成功《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈C〉失敗者,落後者;失敗した企て,不できなもの / 〈U〉〈C〉怠慢,不履行 / 〈U〉〈C〉(…の)不足,欠乏《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉(…の)破産《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(…の)『衰弱』,減退《+『in』(『of』+『名』》
- (法による)(…に対する)『禁止』,禁制(prohibition)《+『on』+『名』》 / (世論などの)反対,非難 / (教会の)破門 / (法律や社会的圧力によって)…'を'『禁ずる』,禁止する
- 銀行業務(経営)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/05/26 02:19:14」(JST)
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The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article and discuss the issue on the talk page. (December 2010) |
Depositors "run" on a failing New York City bank in an effort to recover their money, July 1914.
A bank failure occurs when a bank is unable to meet its obligations to its depositors or other creditors because it has become insolvent or too illiquid to meet its liabilities.[1] More specifically, a bank usually fails economically when the market value of its assets declines to a value that is less than the market value of its liabilities. The insolvent bank either borrows from other solvent banks or sells its assets at a lower price than its market value to generate liquid money to pay its depositors on demand. The inability of the solvent banks to lend liquid money to the insolvent bank creates a bank panic among the depositors as more depositors try to take out cash deposits from the bank. As such, the bank is unable to fulfill the demands of all of its depositors on time. Also, a bank may be taken over by the regulating government agency if Shareholders Equity (i.e. capital ratios) are below the regulatory minimum.
The failure of a bank is generally considered to be of more importance than the failure of other types of business firms because of the interconnectedness and fragility of banking institutions. Research has shown that the market value of customers of the failed banks is adversely affected at the date of the failure announcements.[2] It is often feared that the spill over effects of a failure of one bank can quickly spread throughout the economy and possibly result in the failure of other banks, whether or not those banks were solvent at the time as the marginal depositors try to take out cash deposits from these banks to avoid from suffering losses. Thereby, the spill over effect of bank panic or systemic risk has a multiplier effect on all banks and financial institutions leading to a greater effect of bank failure in the economy. As a result, banking institutions are typically subjected to rigorous regulation, and bank failures are of major public policy concern in countries across the world.[3]
Contents
- 1 Bank Failures in the U.S.
- 2 Global Failure
- 3 See also
- 4 Footnotes
- 5 External links
Bank Failures in the U.S.
In the U.S., deposits in savings and checking accounts are backed by the FDIC. Currently, each account owner is insured up to $250,000 in the event of a bank failure.[4] When a bank fails, in addition to insuring the deposits, the FDIC acts as the receiver of the failed bank, taking control of the bank's assets and deciding how to settle its debts. The number of bank failures is tracked and published by the FDIC since 1934 and has decreased after a peak in 2010 due to the financial crisis of 2007–08.[5]
No advance notice is given to the public when a bank fails.[6] Under ideal circumstances, a bank failure can occur without customers losing access to their funds at any point. For example, in the 2008 failure of Washington Mutual the FDIC was able to broker a deal in which JP Morgan Chase bought the assets of Washington Mutual for $1.9 billion.[7] Existing customers were immediately turned into JP Morgan Chase customers, without disruption in their ability to use their ATM cards or do banking at branches.[8] Such policies are designed to discourage bank runs that might cause economic damage on a wider scale.
Global Failure
As aforementioned, the failure of a bank is relevant not only to the country in which it is headquartered, but for all other nations that it conducts business with. This dynamic was highlighted quite dramatically in the 2008 financial crisis, during which the failures of major bulge bracket investment banks held dire consequences for local economies throughout the broader global market. The high degree to which markets are integrated in the global economy made this a near inevitability. This interconnectedness was manifested not on a high level, with respect to deals negotiated between major companies from different parts of the world, but also to the global nature of any one company's makeup. Outsourcing is a key example of this makeup. As major banks such as Lehman Brothers and Bear Stearns failed, the employees from countries other than the United States suffered in turn.
See also
- List of acquired or bankrupt United States banks in the late 2000s financial crisis
- List of bank failures in the United States (2008–present)
- List of largest U.S. bank failures
- Too Big to Fail
- Volcker Rule
- Database of all U.S. bank failures since 2001
- ^ "When a Bank Fails - Facts for Depositors, Creditors, and Borrowers". FDIC. 2008-10-03. Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- ^ Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, The Value of Banking Relationships During a Financial Crisis, December 2002
- ^ "Bank Failures, Systemic Risk, and Bank Regulation". The Cato Institute. Spring 1996. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- ^ "Changes in FDIC Deposit Insurance Coverage". FDIC. Archived from the original on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2010.
- ^ http://www2.fdic.gov/hsob/SelectRpt.asp?EntryTyp=30. Accessed 7-4-2013.
- ^ "When a Bank Fails". FDIC. Fall 2008. Archived from the original on 24 February 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ^ "JPMorgan Chase to Buy Washington Mutual". Business Week. September 26, 2008. Archived from the original on 3 March 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
- ^ "OTS 08-046 - Washington Mutual Acquired by JPMorgan Chase". Office of Thrift Supervision. September 25, 2008. Archived from the original on 15 January 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
External links
- FDIC's list of failed banks since 2000
- TheStreet.com Interactive bank failure map
- Google Map of failed banks in USA since 2008
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The Carbofix™ "Piccolo Proximal femur nail": A new perspective for treating proximal femur lesion. A technique report.
- Zoccali C1, Soriani A2, Rossi B3, Salducca N3, Biagini R3.
- Journal of orthopaedics.J Orthop.2016 Jul 6;13(4):343-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2016.07.001. eCollection 2016.
- Metastases to proximal femur are common and surgery is often suggested to prevent fractures; otherwise it is necessary in cases where this has already occurred. Adjuvant radiotherapy is necessary to reduce the risk of local progression. Nevertheless, the success or failure of radiation therapy treat
- PMID 27436924
- River bank burrowing by invasive crayfish: Spatial distribution, biophysical controls and biogeomorphic significance.
- Faller M1, Harvey GL2, Henshaw AJ1, Bertoldi W3, Bruno MC4, England J5.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2016 Nov 1;569-570:1190-200. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.194. Epub 2016 Jul 4.
- Invasive species generate significant global environmental and economic costs and represent a particularly potent threat to freshwater systems. The biogeomorphic impacts of invasive aquatic and riparian species on river processes and landforms remain largely unquantified, but have the potential to g
- PMID 27387805
- Streambanks: A net source of sediment and phosphorus to streams and rivers.
- Fox GA1, Purvis RA2, Penn CJ3.
- Journal of environmental management.J Environ Manage.2016 Oct 1;181:602-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.071. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
- Sediment and phosphorus (P) are two primary pollutants of surface waters. Many studies have investigated loadings from upland sources or even streambed sediment, but in many cases, limited to no data exist to determine sediment and P loading from streambanks on a watershed scale. The objectives of t
- PMID 27429360
Japanese Journal
- 第二の軽井沢を夢想した"観光デザイナー"松本隆治と宮崎寛愛 : 観光リスクマネジメントの観点から
- 小川 功
- 彦根論叢 (第399号), 82-99, 2014-03
- … Matsumoto and Mizunofirst planned to operate a farm, but this ventureended in failure, causing damage to investorsthat included Oguri's investment bank. …
- NAID 120005412273
- Numerical Simulation of Landslide Dam Deformation by Overtopping Flow
- AKAZAWA Fumiaki,IKEDA Akikazu,HAYAMI Satoshi,HARADA Norio,SATOFUKA Yoshifumi,MIYATA Shusuke,TSUTSUMI Daizo
- International Journal of Erosion Control Engineering 7(3), 85-91, 2014
- … In a third experimental case, small slope failure occurred and we found that small slope failure affects the outflow discharge. … To improve the prediction of the outflow discharge, we incorporated the inertial debris flow model, the side bank erosion model, and the slope collapse model into our numerical model. …
- NAID 130004707040
- 津波越流-浸透連成作用による防波堤の不安定化機構と腹付け効果の検証
- 佐々 真志,高橋 英紀,森川 嘉之,高野 大樹,丸山 憲治
- 土木学会論文集B3(海洋開発) 70(2), I_522-I_527, 2014
- 本研究では,津波による越流と浸透の同時連成作用を機能的に制御し高速度カメラによる高度な画像解析を装備した遠心実験システムを活用し,津波越流―浸透連成作用による一連のマウンド/基礎地盤洗掘・マウンド支持力破壊・流動・ケーソン不安定化過程を明らかにした.とりわけ,同連成作用によるマウンドの進行性滑り破壊を伴う洗掘の発達助長が顕在化する領域において,ケーソンが不安定化に至ることを初めて明らかにした.そ …
- NAID 130004697336
Related Links
- Failed Bank List The FDIC is often appointed as receiver for failed banks. This page contains useful information for the customers and vendors of these banks. This includes information on the acquiring bank (if applicable), how your ...
- Bank Runs and Bank Failures After a bank failure is announced, there is little reason to make a run on the bank if your assets are insured. If the FDIC has already taken over, your money is no longer held by the weak and failing bank.
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 失敗、不首尾
- 失敗して企て、不出来なもの、失敗者。(教育)落第、落第点
- 怠慢、不履行(to do)。支払い不能、破産、倒産
- 無いこと。不十分、不足
- (力などの)減退。(医)機能不全。故障。(機)破壊、破損
- 関
- abortion、fail、failing、imperfecta、incompetence、insufficiency、unsuccessful、unsuccessfully
[★]
- 関
- deposit
[★]
- 関
- abstinent、forbid、interdict、prohibit、prohibition、prohibitive