alpha-adrenergic antagonist

• αアドレナリン受容体遮断薬、αアドレナリン遮断薬、αアドレナリン拮抗薬、α遮断薬

関

alpha-adrenergic blocking agent、alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist、alpha-blocker

WordNet

1. first in order of importance; "the alpha male in the group of chimpanzees"; "the alpha star in a constellation is the brightest or main star"
2. the 1st letter of the Greek alphabet
3. the beginning of a series or sequence; "the Alpha and Omega, the first and the last, the beginning and the end"--Revelations
4. early testing stage of a software or hardware product; "alpha version"
5. a drug that neutralizes or counteracts the effects of another drug
6. a muscle that relaxes while another contracts; "when bending the elbow the triceps are the antagonist"
7. drug that has the effects of epinephrine (同)adrenergic_drug
8. relating to epinephrine (its release or action) (同)sympathomimetic

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. アルファ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第1字A,α;英語のA,aに相当) / アルファ星(星座の主星)
2. 対立する人,敵対者,競争相手(opponent)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/16 04:20:56」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Alpha-blockers, α-blockers, or α-adrenergic-antagonists are pharmacological agents that act as receptor antagonists of α-adrenergic receptors (α-adrenoceptors).

Classification

• α₁-blockers or antagonists act at α₁-adrenoceptors
• α₂-blockers or antagonists act at α₂-adrenoceptors

When the term "alpha blocker" is used without further qualification, it sometimes refers to α₁-blockers, and sometimes refers to agents that act at both types of receptors.

Examples of non-selective α-adrenergic blockers include:

• Phenoxybenzamine
• Phentolamine
• Tolazoline
• Trazodone
• Typical and atypical antipsychotics

Selective α₁-adrenergic blockers include:

• Alfuzosin
• Prazosin
• Doxazosin
• Tamsulosin
• Terazosin
• Silodosin

Selective α₂-adrenergic blockers include:

• Atipamezole
• Idazoxan
• Mirtazapine
• Yohimbine

The agents carvedilol and labetalol are both α- and β-blockers.

Uses

α-Blockers are used in the treatment of several conditions, such as Raynaud's disease, hypertension, and scleroderma.

α-Blockers can also be used to treat anxiety and panic disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While most commonly used to treat hypertension (usually in conjunction with diuretics when other treatments are ineffective), they are also often used to treat the symptoms of BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia).

Prazosin is an alpha1-receptor antagonist. Raskind and colleagues studied the efficacy of prazosin for PTSD among Vietnam combat veterans in a 20-week double-blind crossover protocol with a two-week drug washout to allow for return to baseline. The CAPS and the Clinical Global Impressions-Change scale (CGI-C) were the primary outcome measures. Patients who were taking prazosin had a robust improvement in overall sleep quality (effect size, 1.6) and recurrent distressing dreams (effect size, 1.9). In each of the PTSD symptom clusters the effect size was medium to large: 0.7 for reexperiencing or intrusion, 0.6 for avoidance and numbing, and 0.9 for hyperarousal. The reduction in CGI-C scores (overall PTSD severity and function at endpoint) also reflected a large effect size (1.4). Prazosin appears to have promise as an effective treatment for PTSD-related sleep disturbance, including trauma-related nightmares, as well as overall Anxiety and PTSD symptoms.

See also

• Beta blocker

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. Choice of drug therapy in primary (essential) hypertension
• 2. 前立腺肥大症の内科的治療 medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
• 3. 男性における下部尿路症状 lower urinary tract symptoms in men
• 4. 降圧剤と脂質 antihypertensive drugs and lipids
• 5. Chronic urinary retention in women

English Journal

• Investigation of the role of alpha-2 adrenergic receptors on prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle reflex in rats.

• Ozcetin A1, Cevreli B1, Uzbay T2.
• Synapse (New York, N.Y.).Synapse.2016 Dec;70(12):501-507. doi: 10.1002/syn.21923. Epub 2016 Jul 28.
• OBJECTIVES: Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors target several behavioral functions. These receptors may connect with the brain pathways mediating sensorimotor gating system that associate with psychoses, and the literature that investigate the relationship between alpha-2 receptors and sensorimotor gating
• PMID 27399264

• Arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl pyrrolidines and piperidines as α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with uro-selective activity.

• Rak A1, Canale V2, Marciniec K3, Żmudzki P2, Kotańska M1, Knutelska J1, Siwek A4, Stachowicz G4, Bednarski M5, Nowiński L6, Zygmunt M1, Zajdel P2, Sapa J1.
• Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry.Bioorg Med Chem.2016 Nov 1;24(21):5582-5591. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.017. Epub 2016 Sep 10.
• A series of arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)ethyl pyrrolidines and piperidines was synthesized to develop new α1-adrenoceptor antagonists with uroselective profile. Biological evaluation for α1- and α2-adrenorecepor showed that tested compounds 13-37 displayed high-to-moderate affinity fo
• PMID 27658792

• Type-7 metabotropic glutamate receptors negatively regulate α1-adrenergic receptor signalling.

• Iacovelli L1, Di Menna L2, Peterlik D3, Stangl C3, Orlando R1, Molinaro G2, De Blasi A4, Bruno V5, Battaglia G2, Flor PJ3, Uschold-Schmidt N3, Nicoletti F6.
• Neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology.2016 Oct 18. pii: S0028-3908(16)30468-3. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.10.018. [Epub ahead of print]
• We studied the interaction between mGlu7 and α1-adrenergic receptors in heterologous expression systems, brain slices, and living animals. L-2-Amino-4-phosphonobutanoate (L-AP4), and l-serine-O-phosphate (L-SOP), which activate group III mGlu receptors, restrained the stimulation of polyphosphoinos
• PMID 27769854

Japanese Journal

• Natural course of lower urinary tract symptoms following discontinuation of alpha-1-adrenergic blockers in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

• YOKOYAMA Teruhiko,WATANABE Toyohiko,SAIKA Takashi,NASU Yasutomo,KUMON Hiromi,MIYAJI Yoshiyuki,NAGAI Atsushi
• International journal of urology 14(7), 598-601, 2007-07-01
• … <p>alpha 1-adrenergic blockers (alpha b) remain the first-line therapy in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). … The current published work advocates continued use of alpha b for their effect to be maintained. … In this study, we investigated the natural course of LUTS after the discontinuation of successful treatment of alpha b. …
• NAID 10019725755

• Effects of Ultrasonic Radiation on Cutaneous Blood Flow in the Paw of Decerebrated Rats

• Nishimoto Chinami,Ishiura Yuichi,Kuniyasu Katsushi,Koga Tomoshige
• Kawasaki journal of medical welfare 12(1), 13-18, 2006
• … The increased blood flow continued even after the alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist, phentolamine, was administered. …
• NAID 120005358096

• Effects of Ultrasonic Radiation on Cutaneous Blood Flow in the Paw of Decerebrated Rats

• "Nishimoto Chinami,Ishiura Yuichi,Kuniyasu Katsushi,Koga Tomoshige"
• Kawasaki journal of medical welfare 12(1), 13-18, 2006
• … The increased blood flow continued even after the alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist, phentolamine, was administered. …
• NAID 110004745377

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「alpha-blocker」「αアドレナリン遮断薬」「alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist」「αアドレナリン拮抗薬」「alpha-adrenergic blocking agent」
関連記事	「adrenergic antagonist」「adrenergics」「adrenergic」「alpha」

「alpha-blocker」

　　[★]

• αアドレナリン受容体遮断薬、α受容体遮断薬、α遮断薬、α拮抗薬、α阻害薬、αブロッカー

関

alpha-adrenergic antagonist、alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist

「αアドレナリン遮断薬」

　　[★]

英

alpha-adrenergic antagonist、alpha-adrenergic blocking agent

関

α遮断薬、αアドレナリン拮抗薬、αアドレナリン受容体遮断薬

「alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist」

　　[★]

• αアドレナリン受容体遮断薬、αアドレナリン受容体拮抗薬、α遮断薬

関

alpha-adrenergic antagonist、alpha-blocker

「αアドレナリン拮抗薬」

　　[★]

英

alpha-adrenergic antagonist

関

α遮断薬、αアドレナリン遮断薬、αアドレナリン受容体遮断薬

「alpha-adrenergic blocking agent」

　　[★]

• αアドレナリン遮断薬

関

alpha-adrenergic antagonist

「adrenergic antagonist」

　　[★]

• アドレナリン遮断薬、アドレナリン拮抗薬

関

adrenergic blocker、adrenergic receptor antagonist、adrenolytics、antiadrenergic agent、antiadrenergics

「adrenergics」

　　[★]

アドレナリン受容体刺激薬、アドレナリン作用薬

関

adrenergic、adrenergic agent、adrenergic agonist、adrenergic drug、adrenergic receptor agonist

「adrenergic」

　　[★]

• adj.

• アドレナリンの、アドレナリン性の

　 　

「alpha」

　　[★]

α、アルファ

関

alfa