同: Ancef, Kefzol
関: Cefazolin

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/02/21 01:36:57」(JST)

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Cefazolin (INN), also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.

The drug is usually administrated by either intramuscular injection (injection into a large muscle) or intravenous infusion (intravenous fluid into a vein).

Indications

Cefazolin is mainly used to treat bacterial infections of the skin. It can also be used to treat moderately severe bacterial infections involving the lung, bone, joint, stomach, blood, heart valve, and urinary tract. It is clinically effective against infections caused by staphylococci and streptococci of Gram-positive bacteria. These organisms are common on normal human skin. Resistance to cefazolin is seen in several species of bacteria.

Adverse effects

Adverse drug reactions from cefazolin are not common. Possible side effects include diarrhea, stomach pain or upset stomach, vomiting, and rash.

Like that of several other cephalosporins, the chemical structure of cefazolin contains an N-methylthiotetrazole (NMTT or 1-MTT) side-chain. As the antibiotic is broken down in the body, it releases free NMTT, which can cause hypoprothrombinemia (likely due to inhibition of the enzyme vitamin K epoxide reductase) and a reaction with ethanol similar to that produced by disulfiram (Antabuse), due to inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase.^[1]

Brands

Cefazolin is marketed under the following brand names: Cefacidal, Cefamezin, Cefrina, Elzogram, Faxilen, Gramaxin, Kefazol, Kefol, Kefzolan, Kezolin, Novaporin, Reflin, Zinol and Zolicef.

References

^ Stork CM (2006). "Antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals". In Nelson LH, Flomenbaum N, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RL, Howland MD, Lewin NA (eds.). Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 847. ISBN 0-07-143763-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=cvJuLqBxGUcC&pg=PA847. Retrieved 2009-07-03.

External links

MedlinePlus Drug Information: Cefazolin Sodium Injection.

UpToDate Contents

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1. セフェム系 cephalosporins
2. 成人における手術部位感染症予防のための予防的抗菌薬投与 antimicrobial prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection in adults
3. 成人における黄色ブドウ球菌菌血症に対する臨床的アプローチ clinical approach to staphylococcus aureus bacteremia in adults
4. カテーテル関連血流感染症の治療のための抗菌薬ロック療法 antibiotic lock therapy for treatment of catheter related bloodstream infections
5. 蜂窩識炎および丹毒 cellulitis and erysipelas

English Journal

Antibiotic-tolerant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Persists on Arthroplasty Materials.

Urish KL1, DeMuth PW2, Kwan BW3, Craft DW4, Ma D5, Haider H6, Tuan RS7, Wood TK3, Davis CM 3rd2.
Clinical orthopaedics and related research.Clin Orthop Relat Res.2016 Jul;474(7):1649-56. doi: 10.1007/s11999-016-4720-8.
BACKGROUND: The continued presence of biofilm may be one cause of the high risk of failure observed with irrigation and débridement with component retention in acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). There is a poor understanding of the role of biofilm antibiotic tolerance in PJI.QUESTIONS/PURP
PMID 26831479

Is Vancomycin-only Prophylaxis for Patients With Penicillin Allergy Associated With Increased Risk of Infection After Arthroplasty?

Tan TL1, Springer BD2, Ruder JA2, Ruffolo MR2, Chen AF3.
Clinical orthopaedics and related research.Clin Orthop Relat Res.2016 Jul;474(7):1601-6. doi: 10.1007/s11999-015-4672-4.
BACKGROUND: Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis remains one of the most important strategies for prevention of postoperative infection. In patients with penicillin allergy, alternative medications such as vancomycin are often used despite reduced antimicrobial coverage and recent literature question
PMID 26689584

A comparison of 3 antibiotic regimens for prevention of postcesarean endometritis: an historical cohort study.

Ward E1, Duff P2.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology.Am J Obstet Gynecol.2016 Jun;214(6):751.e1-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.02.037. Epub 2016 Feb 18.
BACKGROUND: Prophylactic antibiotics are of proven value in decreasing the frequency of postcesarean endometritis. The beneficial effect of prophylaxis is enhanced when the antibiotics are administered before the surgical incision as opposed to after the clamping of the umbilical cord. However, the
PMID 26901276

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元

「セファゾリン」

Cefazolin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	(6R,7R)-3-{[(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]methyl}-8-oxo-7-[(1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
Trade names	Ancef, Kefzol
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Pregnancy cat.	B1(AU) B(US)
Legal status	℞ Prescription only
Routes	Intravenous, intramuscular
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	NA
Metabolism	?
Half-life	1.8 hours (given IV); 2 hours (given IM)
Excretion	Renal, unchanged
Identifiers
CAS number	25953-19-9
ATC code	J01DB04 QJ51DB04
PubChem	CID 33255
DrugBank	DB01327
ChemSpider	30723
UNII	IHS69L0Y4T
KEGG	D02299
ChEBI	CHEBI:474053
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1435
Chemical data
Formula	C14H14N8O4S3
Mol. mass	454.51 g/mol
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H14N8O4S3/c1-6-17-18-14(29-6)28-4-7-3-27-12-9(11(24)22(12)10(7)13(25)26)16-8(23)2-21-5-15-19-20-21/h5,9,12H,2-4H2,1H3,(H,16,23)(H,25,26)/t9-,12-/m1/s1 ; Key:MLYYVTUWGNIJIB-BXKDBHETSA-N ;
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　　[★]

英: cefazolin, CEZ
ラ: cefazolinum
化: セファゾリンナトリウム cefazolin sodium、セファゾリンナトリウム水和物 cefazolin sodium hydrate
商: セファメジン、セフマゾン、タイセゾリン、トキオ、ラセナゾリン、Ancef、Kefzol
関: セファロスポリン系抗菌薬、抗菌薬。主としてグラム陽性・陰性菌に作用するもの

抗菌薬

セフェム系抗菌薬

[Goldfrank-0] Stork CM (2006). "Antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirals". In Nelson LH, Flomenbaum N, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RL, Howland MD, Lewin NA (eds.). Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 847. ISBN 0-07-143763-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=cvJuLqBxGUcC&pg=PA847. Retrieved 2009-07-03.

匿名

検索

案内

案内

Kefzol