Adams-Stokes attack

アダムス・ストークス発作

WordNet

1. the act of attacking; "attacks on women increased last year"; "they made an attempt on his life" (同)attempt
2. (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons); "the attack began at dawn" (同)onslaught, onset, onrush
3. a decisive manner of beginning a musical tone or phrase (同)tone-beginning
4. an offensive move in a sport or game; "they won the game with a 10-hit attack in the 9th inning"
5. strong criticism; "he published an unexpected attack on my work"
6. a sudden occurrence of an uncontrollable condition; "an attack of diarrhea"
7. begin to injure; "The cancer cells are attacking his liver"; "Rust is attacking the metal"
8. set to work upon; turn ones energies vigorously to a task; "I attacked the problem as soon as I got out of bed"
9. the onset of a corrosive or destructive process (as by a chemical agent); "the film was sensitive to attack by acids"; "open to attack by the elements"
10. attack in speech or writing; "The editors of the left-leaning paper attacked the new House Speaker" (同)round, assail, lash out, snipe, assault
11. take the initiative and go on the offensive; "The Serbs attacked the village at night"; "The visiting team started to attack" (同)aggress
12. launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with; "Hitler attacked Poland on September 1, 1939 and started World War II"; "Serbian forces assailed Bosnian towns all week" (同)assail
13. 2nd President of the United States (1735-1826) (同)John Adams, President Adams, President John Adams
14. 6th President of the United States; son of John Adams (1767-1848) (同)John Quincy Adams, President Adams, President John Quincy Adams
15. a mountain peak in southwestern Washington in the Cascade Range (12,307 feet high) (同)Mount Adams
16. American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803) (同)Sam Adams, Samuel Adams
17. street names for methylenedioxymethamphetamine (同)ecstasy, XTC, go, disco biscuit, cristal, X, hug drug
18. Scottish architect who designed many public buildings in England and Scotland (1728-1792) (同)Robert Adam
19. (Old Testament) in Judeo-Christian mythology; the first man and the husband of Eve and the progenitor of the human race

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. …'を'『襲う』,『攻撃する』;(ゲームで)…'を'攻める / (演説・文書などで)…'を'『非難する』,攻撃する / 〈病気・不運などが〉…'を'襲う,冒す / 〈仕事など〉‘に'勢いよく取りかかる,着手する / 『攻撃をする』 / 〈U〉〈C〉(…に対する)『攻撃』;(ゲームの)攻め;非難《+『on』(『upon, against』)+『名』》 / 〈C〉発病,発作 / 〈U〉(仕事への)着手,開始
2. アダム(聖書によれば,神が天地を創造したとき,最初Adamをつくり,そのろっ骨の1本から最初の女Eveを造ったという)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/10 21:08:36」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Adams–Stokes syndrome
Classification and external resources
Specialty	cardiology
ICD-10	I45.9
ICD-9-CM	426.9
DiseasesDB	12443
MeSH	D000219

Stokes–Adams syndrome (alternative eponyms include Gerbezius-Morgagni-Adams–Stokes syndrome and Gerbec-Morgagni-Adams–Stokes syndrome) refers to a sudden, transient episode of syncope, occasionally featuring seizures. Named after two Irish physicians, Robert Adams (1791–1875) and William Stokes (1804–1877), the first description of the syndrome was published in 1717 by the Carniolan physician of Slovene descent Marko Gerbec, which was 44 years after its publication quoted by Giovanni Battista Morgagni.

Signs and symptoms

Prior to an attack, a patient may become pale, their heart rhythm experiences a temporary pause, and collapse may follow. Normal periods of unconsciousness last approximately thirty seconds; if seizures are present, they will consist of twitching after 15–20 seconds. Breathing continues normally throughout the attack, and so on recovery the patient becomes flushed as the heart rapidly pumps the oxygenated blood from the pulmonary beds into a systemic circulation which has become dilated due to hypoxia.

As with any syncopal episode that results from a cardiac dysrhythmia, the faints do not depend on the patient's position. If they occur during sleep, the presenting symptom may simply be feeling hot and flushed on waking.

Diagnosis

Stokes-Adams attacks may be diagnosed from the history, with paleness prior to the attack and flushing after it particularly characteristic. The ECG will show asystole, an AV block, or ventricular fibrillation during the attacks.

Causes

The attacks are caused by lack of cardiac output due to antimony poisoning, cardiac asystole, heart block, Lev's disease or ventricular fibrillation. The resulting lack of blood flow to the brain is responsible for the faint.

Treatment

Initial treatment can be medical, involving the use of drugs like isoprenaline (Isuprel) and epinephrine (adrenaline). Definitive treatment is surgical, involving the insertion of a pacemaker – most likely one with sequential pacing such as a DDI mode as opposed to the older VVI mechanisms, and the doctor may arrange the patient to undergo electrocardiography to confirm this type of treatment.

Prognosis

If undiagnosed (or untreated), Stokes–Adams attacks have a 50% mortality within a year of the first episode. The prognosis following treatment is very good.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人の失神：疫学、発症機序、病因 syncope in adults epidemiology pathogenesis and etiologies
• 2. 先天性第3度（完全）房室ブロック congenital third degree complete atrioventricular block
• 3. 第2度房室ブロック：モビッツII型 second degree atrioventricular block mobitz type ii
• 4. 第3度（完全）房室ブロック third degree complete atrioventricular block

English Journal

• Acute cholecystitis mimicking or accompanying cardiovascular disease among Japanese patients hospitalized in a Cardiology Department.

• Ozeki M1, Takeda Y2, Morita H3, Miyamura M4, Sohmiya K5, Hoshiga M6, Ishizaka N7.
• BMC research notes.BMC Res Notes.2015 Dec 19;8:805. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1790-8.
• PMID 26686987

• Emergency Physician Attitudes, Preferences, and Risk Tolerance for Stroke as a Potential Cause of Dizziness Symptoms.

• Kene MV1, Ballard DW2, Vinson DR3, Rauchwerger AS4, Iskin HR4, Kim AS5.
• The western journal of emergency medicine.West J Emerg Med.2015 Sep;16(5):768-76. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2015.7.26158. Epub 2015 Oct 20.
• PMID 26587108

• [A prospective multicenter clinical study of Xuebijing injection in the treatment of sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome].

• Gao J, Kong L, Liu S, Feng Z, Shen H, Liu Q; Xuebijing Injection III Clinical Group.
• Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue.Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue.2015 Jun;27(6):465-70. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-4352.2015.06.010.
• OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Xuebijing injection in treatment of sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).METHODS: A prospective multicenter clinical study was conducted. The patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, or MODS admitted to Department of Emergency a
• PMID 26049185

Japanese Journal

• All-trans retinoic acid による寛解導入療法施行中に完全房室ブロックによる Adams-Stokes 発作を生じた急性前骨髄球性白血病

• 山内 高弘,荒井 肇,多賀 雅浩 [他],天谷 直貴,李 鍾大,上田 孝典
• 臨床血液 = The Japanese Journal of Clinical Hematology 46(3), 206-210, 2005-03-30
• NAID 10015565488

• Ａｌｌ‐ｔｒａｎｓ　ｒｅｔｉｎｏｉｃ　ａｃｉｄによる寛解導入療法施行中に完全房室ブロックによるＡｄａｍｓ‐Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ発作を生じた急性前骨髄球性白血病

• 山内 高弘,荒井 肇,多賀 雅浩,天谷 直貴,李 鍾大,上田 孝典
• 臨床血液 46(3), 206-210, 2005
• … オールトランスレチノイン酸(ATRA)による寛解導入療法中，きわめて稀な，不整脈によるAdams-Stokes失神発作を生じ，緊急ペースメーカーによる処置を必要とした急性前骨髄球性白血病を報告する。 …
• NAID 130004500979

• 急性心筋梗塞に合併した完全房室ブロックによるAdams-Stokes発作のために自動車事故を起こした1例

• 林 勝知,島田 武,古澤 泰伸,森 茂,加川 憲作,早川 賢一,佐野 祐次
• 日本救急医学会雑誌 13(7), 381-384, 2002-07-10
• NAID 10009518260

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「アダムス・ストークス症候群」
関連記事	「attack」「Adams」

「アダムス・ストークス症候群」

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英

Adams-Stokes syndrome

同

アダムス・ストークス発作 Adams-Stokes attack、ストークス・アダムズ発作、ストークス・アダムス症候群、Adams-Stokes症候群

関

房室ブロック、失神

定義

• 不整脈によって生じた意識消失発作
• 心拍の徐拍ないしは頻拍に起因する失神、めまいなど脳虚血症状

病態

• 循環停止後、3-10秒後にアダムス・ストークス症候群が起こる。めまい～失神。数秒～数分で回復。神経症状などの後遺症はない。

症状

• めまい、失神

「attack」

　　[★]

• n.

• 発作、攻撃

• v.

• 攻撃する、襲う、非難する、襲撃する

関

aggressive、assault、blame、bout、challenge、crises、crisis、criticise、criticism、criticize、insult、offense、offensive、paroxysm、seizure、strike、stroke、thrust

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「Adams」

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アダムス