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1. 腎尿細管性アシドーシスの概要と病態生理、およびカリウムバランスへの影響overview and pathophysiology of renal tubular acidosis and the effect on potassium balance [show details]
…well-preserved glomerular filtration rate, metabolic acidosis develops because of defects in the ability of the renal tubules to perform the normal functions required to maintain acid-base balance . All forms …
2. 水分バランス異常（低ナトリウム血症および高ナトリウム血症）およびナトリウムバランス異常（循環血液量減少および浮腫）の一般原則general principles of disorders of water balance hyponatremia and hypernatremia and sodium balance hypovolemia and edema [show details]
… Disorders of water balance and sodium balance are common, but the pathophysiology is frequently misunderstood. As an example, the plasma sodium concentration is regulated by changes in water intake and … volume are mediated by sensors in the renal afferent glomerular arterioles (for renin),… permeability of the luminal membranes of principal cells in the cortical and medullary collecting tubules , thereby promoting water reabsorption via osmotic equilibration with the hypertonic interstitium …
3. 小児の高カリウム血症の原因、臨床症状、診断、評価causes clinical manifestations diagnosis and evaluation of hyperkalemia in children [show details]
… and decreased glomerular filtration rate Hyperkalemia in children is caused by derangements of the homeostatic mechanisms that normally regulate potassium balance,… collecting tubule. This leads to functional impairment of urinary potassium excretion as there is a limited amount of sodium available for potassium exchange in the collecting tubule.…
4. 利尿剤とカルシウムバランスdiuretics and calcium balance [show details]
…regulated according to changes in calcium balance in the distal tubule and adjacent connecting segment (a small segment between the distal tubule and cortical collecting tubule) . Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and …
5. 尿酸の産生と排泄のバランスurate balance [show details]
… anti-uricosuric anions result in increased glomerular filtration, increased delivery to the proximal tubule,… proximal tubule, renal urate reabsorption is abrogated completely and secretion predominates in these patients. Again, serum urate is to a large extent determined by the relative balance of urate reabsorption…