WordNet

make an opening or gap in (同)breach
a narrow opening; "he opened the window a crack" (同)crack
a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures; "gap between income and outgo"; "the spread between lending and borrowing costs" (同)spread
a difference (especially an unfortunate difference) between two opinions or two views or two situations
a unit of force equal to the force exerted by gravity; used to indicate the force to which a body is subjected when it is accelerated (同)gee, g-force

PrepTutorEJDIC

(壁・へいなどの)『割れ目』,『すき間』《+『in』+『名』》 / (連続するものの)『途切れ』,空白[部分]《+『in』+『名』》 / (意見・性格などの)『大きなずれ』《+『between』+『名』》 / (山の尾根を分断する)深い峡谷(峠) / …‘に'割れ目(すき間)を作る / 割れ目(すき間)ができる

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/01/31 20:44:08」(JST)

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1. 血清浸透圧ギャップ serum osmolal gap
2. メタノールおよびエチレングリコール中毒 methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning
3. イソプロピルアルコール中毒 isopropyl alcohol poisoning
4. 計算ツール：血清浸透圧ギャップ calculator serum osmolal gap
5. 代謝性アシドーシスを有する小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with metabolic acidosis

English Journal

Methanol Poisoning: Predictors of Visual Outcomes.

Desai T, Sudhalkar A, Vyas U, Khamar B.AbstractOBJECTIVE To determine whether laboratory markers of methanol ingestion and subsequent toxicity can serve as predictors of visual outcomes in patients. METHODS Retrospective medical record review of 122 patients in a cluster outbreak of methanol poisoning. Data collected included history, complete ocular and systemic examination details, time to presentation, amount of alcohol ingested, and results of laboratory investigations, such as hemogram, glucose levels, hematocrit level, arterial pH, methanol levels, potassium and bicarbonate levels, and anion and osmolar gap determination, as well as hepatic and renal function tests. Therapy administered consisted of ethyl alcohol, sodium bicarbonate, and nutritional supplements, with hemodialysis in severe cases. Visual acuity (VA), pupillary reaction, and optic disc findings were assessed at presentation and 3 months after discharge. Patients were classified according to their visual disturbance: transient (group 1) or permanent (group 2). Appropriate statistical analysis was performed. Outcome measures included determining the association between biochemical markers of methanol poisoning and final VA. RESULTS A total of 122 patients (1 female and 121 male) were admitted for treatment; of these, 10 died. Only 1 patient showed a 2-line drop in VA. pH was the strongest predictor of final VA and improvement in VA among all markers. The odds that a patient with an initial pH greater than 7.2 would have only transient visual disturbances were high (odds ratio, 31; 95% CI, 6-149). CONCLUSIONS The degree of acidosis at presentation appears to determine final VA; early presentation and treatment did not seem to significantly alter the visual outcome, especially in severe poisoning.
JAMA ophthalmology.JAMA Ophthalmol.2013 Jan 3:1-7. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.1463. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE To determine whether laboratory markers of methanol ingestion and subsequent toxicity can serve as predictors of visual outcomes in patients. METHODS Retrospective medical record review of 122 patients in a cluster outbreak of methanol poisoning. Data collected included history, complete o
PMID 23303293

Severe Propylene Glycol Toxicity Secondary to Use of Anti-Epileptics.

Pillai U, Hothi JC, Bhat ZY.SourceDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.
American journal of therapeutics.Am J Ther.2012 Oct 19. [Epub ahead of print]
Propylene glycol toxicity presenting as high anion gap metabolic acidosis and osmolar gap has been extensively reported in literature, and most of them are secondary to intravenous lorazepam infusion. However, propylene glycol is used as a solvent in a number of medications that are frequently utili
PMID 22926232