WordNet

(medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
(phonetics) the alteration of a speech sound under the influence of a neighboring sound
the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
(international law) illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
moral corruption or contamination; "ambitious men are led astray by an infection that is almost unavoidable"
an incident in which an infectious disease is transmitted (同)contagion, transmission
the topmost one of two
piece of leather or synthetic material that forms the part of a shoe or boot above the sole that encases the foot; "Uppers come in many styles"
higher in place or position; "the upper bunk"; "in the upper center of the picture"; "the upper stories"
superior in rank or accomplishment; "the upper half of the class"
a brief treatise on a subject of interest; published in the form of a booklet (同)pamphlet
an extended area of land (同)piece of land, piece of ground, parcel of land, parcel
a system of body parts that together serve some particular purpose
a drawing created by superimposing a semitransparent sheet of paper on the original image and copying on it the lines of the original image (同)trace
the act of drawing a plan or diagram or outline
the discovery and description of the course of development of something; "the tracing of genealogies"
of or relating to the urinary system of the body
of or relating to the function or production or secretion of urine

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(病気の)伝染;感染 / 〈C〉伝染病
(場所・位置が)『上のほうの』,上部の / 『上級の』,上位の / 奥地の,上流の / 靴の甲皮(こうがわ)(かかとより上の部分) / 覚醒剤（これの反意語はdowner：鎮静剤）
広大な土地(地域),(土地・海・空などの)広がり《+of+名》 / (器官の)管,(神経の)索
(おもに宗教・政治などの宣伝用の)小冊子,パンフレット
跡を追うこと,追跡;透写,複写 / 〈C〉 / 透写(複写)によってできたもの(地図・図案など),透写図
尿の;泌尿(ひにょう)[器]の

UpToDate Contents

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1. 急性複雑性膀胱炎および腎盂腎炎 acute complicated cystitis and pyelonephritis
2. 乳児および1ヶ月以上の小児における尿路感染症：急性期マネージメント、画像検査、および予後 urinary tract infections in infants and children older than one month acute management imaging and prognosis
3. 女性における急性単純性膀胱炎および腎盂腎炎 acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women
4. 乳児および1ヶ月以上の小児における尿路感染症：臨床的特徴および診断 urinary tract infections in infants and children older than one month clinical features and diagnosis
5. 肺炎桿菌（肺炎クレブシエラ）感染症の臨床的特徴、診断、および治療 clinical features diagnosis and treatment of klebsiella pneumoniae infection

English Journal

Controversies in the Management of Vesicoureteral Reflux.

Arlen AM1, Cooper CS.
Current urology reports.Curr Urol Rep.2015 Sep;16(9):538. doi: 10.1007/s11934-015-0538-2.
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the abnormal retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the upper urinary tract. Diagnosis and subsequent management of VUR have become increasingly controversial, with differing opinions over which children should be evaluated for reflux, and when detected, who sh
PMID 26199037

Blood pressure-lowering effect of the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor ertugliflozin, assessed via ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.

Amin NB1, Wang X1, Mitchell JR2, Lee DS1, Nucci G1, Rusnak JM1.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism.Diabetes Obes Metab.2015 Aug;17(8):805-8. doi: 10.1111/dom.12486. Epub 2015 Jun 17.
This study compared the blood pressure-lowering effect of ertugliflozin (1, 5, 25 mg), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 12.5 mg) and placebo in 194 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension for 4 weeks using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Endpoints (change from baseline to week�
PMID 25951755

Update on Urological Management of Spina Bifida from Prenatal Diagnosis to Adulthood.

Snow-Lisy DC1, Yerkes EB1, Cheng EY2.
The Journal of urology.J Urol.2015 Aug;194(2):288-96. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.03.107. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
PURPOSE: We review the current literature regarding urological management of spina bifida from prenatal diagnosis to adulthood.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched MEDLINE(®), EMBASE(®) and PubMed(®) for English articles published through December 2014 using search terms "spina bifida," "spinal dys
PMID 25839383

Japanese Journal

上部尿路感染予防のための清潔間欠自己導尿の実際と継続指導チェックリスト作成

古林千恵,矢野久子,尾上恵子 [他],脇本寛子,脇山直樹,畑七奈子,山本洋行,脇本幸夫
日本環境感染学会誌 27(6), 412-418, 2012
… Ongoing instruction including procedural confirmation and postural adjustments to avoid urinary retention after voiding was not conducted on an outpatient basis. …
NAID 130003371147

Streptococcus pneumoniae-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in a Splenectomized Adult Patient

Maki Nobuki,Komatsuda Atsushi,Ohtani Hiroshi,Kuroki Jun,Nishinari Tamio,Asakura Kenichi,Sawada Kenichi,Wakui Hideki
Internal Medicine 51(15), 2001-2005, 2012
… A 62-year-old splenectomized woman was admitted because of upper respiratory tract symptoms, general fatigue, and purpura. … Laboratory data demonstrated microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure, and a positive Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) urinary antigen test. … She was diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) secondary to SP infection. …
NAID 130002062277

Extended-spectrum β lactamase (ESBL) 産生大腸菌が分離された上部尿路感染症の乳児4例

日比野聡,福地邦彦,阿部祥英 [他],星野顕宏,櫻井俊輔,三川武志,冨家俊弥,吉田耕一郎,板橋家頭夫
感染症学雑誌 : 日本伝染病学会機関誌 : the journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 85(5), 481-487, 2011-09-20
NAID 10030236084