WordNet

any of a variety of loose fitting cloaks extending to the hips or knees
an enveloping or covering membrane or layer of body tissue (同)tunica, adventitia

PrepTutorEJDIC

チュニカ(古代ギリシア・ローマで男女が用いたひざまである半そでまたはそでなしの上着) / (ゆったりしたそでなしの)チューニック(婦人用スポーツ服,女子学生の制服などに用いる) / 《英》軍人・警官などが制服として着る一種の上着
mediumの複数形

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/05 12:32:20」(JST)

wiki en

The tunica media (New Latin "middle coat"), or media for short, is the middle tunica (layer) of an artery or vein.^[1] It lies between the tunica intima on the inside and the tunica externa on the outside.

Artery

Tunica media is made up of smooth muscle cells and elastic tissue. It lies between the tunica intima on the inside and the tunica externa on the outside.

The middle coat (tunica media) is distinguished from the inner (tunica intima) by its color and by the transverse arrangement of its fibers.

In the smaller arteries it consists principally of plain muscle fibers in fine bundles, arranged in lamellæ and disposed circularly around the vessel. These lamellæ vary in number according to the size of the vessel; the smallest arteries having only a single layer,^[2] and those slightly larger three or four layers. It is to this coat that the thickness of the wall of the artery is mainly due.
In the larger arteries, as the iliac, femoral, and carotid, elastic fibers unite to form lamellæ which alternate with the layers of muscular fibers; these lamellæ are united to one another by elastic fibers which pass between the muscular bundles, and are connected with the fenestrated membrane of the inner coat.
In the largest arteries, as the aorta^[3] and brachiocephalic, the amount of elastic tissue is very considerable; in these vessels a few bundles of white connective tissue also have been found in the middle coat. The muscle fiber cells are arranged in 5 to 7 layers of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle with about 50μ in length and contain well-marked, rod-shaped nuclei, which are often slightly curved.

Vein

The middle coat is composed of a thick layer of connective tissue with elastic fibers, intermixed, in some veins, with a transverse layer of muscular tissue.^[4]

The white fibrous element is in considerable excess, and the elastic fibers are in much smaller proportion in the veins than in the arteries.

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

Additional images

Artery wall
Vein
Section of a medium-sized artery
Microphotography of arterial wall with calcified (violet colour) atherosclerotic plaque (haematoxillin & eosin stain)

References

^ Histology image:05102loa from Vaughan, Deborah (2002). A Learning System in Histology: CD-ROM and Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195151732.
^ Histology image:21103loa from Vaughan, Deborah (2002). A Learning System in Histology: CD-ROM and Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195151732.
^ Histology image: 66_02 at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center - "Aorta"
^ Histology image:05603loa from Vaughan, Deborah (2002). A Learning System in Histology: CD-ROM and Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195151732.

External links

Anatomy photo: Circulatory/vessels/vessels7/vessels3 - Comparative Organology at University of California, Davis - "Bird, vessels (LM, High)"

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. Acute otitis media in adults (suppurative and serous)
2. 小児における急性中耳炎：診断 acute otitis media in children diagnosis
3. Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM): Clinical features and diagnosis
4. テレビおよびメディアの暴力 television and media violence
5. 造影剤に対する即時型過敏反応：臨床症状、診断、および治療 immediate hypersensitivity reactions to radiocontrast media clinical manifestations diagnosis and treatment

English Journal

ECM-related gene expression profile in vascular smooth muscle cells from human saphenous vein and internal thoracic artery.

Zhu TX, Lan B, Meng LY, Yang YL, Li RX, Li EM, Zheng SY, Xu LY.Abstract: Currently, Saphenous vein (SV) and internal thoracic artery (ITA) are still the most common graft materials in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) whereas SV graft have a lower long-term patency than ITA. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotype conversion, proliferation and migration may play a key role in mechanism of vein graft restenosis. To explore differential gene expression profile in VSMCs from SV and ITA will help to further elucidate the mechanism of VSMCs in vein graft restenosis after CABG and to provide new thread of gene therapy. METHODS: VSMCs from paired SV and ITA were cultured for experiments of Affymetrix microarrays and verification using FQ RT-PCR, while the database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery bioinformatics resources (DAVID 2.0) was utilized for bioinformatics analysis of differential gene expression profile between SV VSMCs and ITA VSMCs. RNA of tunica media from SV and ITA segments were extracted for FQ RT-PCR to display differential expression of PLAT RESULTS: 54,613 probe sets were examined by gene microarray experiments. In SV VSMCs, 1,075 genes were up-regulated and 406 of them were higher than two-fold; 1,399 genes were down-regulated and 424 of them were lower than two-fold as compare with ITA VSMCs.14 ECM-related genes differentially expressed were verificated and listed as following: COL4A4, COL11A1, FN1, TNC, THBS, FBLN, MMP3, MMP9, TIMP3, WNT5A, SGCD were higher whereas COL14A1, ELN, PLAT lower in SV VSMCs than ITA VSMCs. In addition, PLAT was lower in tunica media from SV segments than ITA. CONCLUSION: VSMCs from SV and ITA have distinct phenotypes characteristics. Both promoting and inhibiting migration ECM-related genes were higher in VSMCs from SV as compared with ITA, suggesting that VSMCs from SV have more potential migrating capability whereas less PLAT both in SV VSMCs and vascular tissue,implying that SV may prone to be restenosis after CABG.
Journal of cardiothoracic surgery.J Cardiothorac Surg.2013 Jun 18;8(1):155. [Epub ahead of print]
: Currently, Saphenous vein (SV) and internal thoracic artery (ITA) are still the most common graft materials in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) whereas SV graft have a lower long-term patency than ITA. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotype conversion, proliferation and migration may
PMID 23773607

Immunolocalization of Intermediate Filaments and Laminin in the Oviduct of the Immature and Mature Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).

Madekurozwa MC.SourceDepartment of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa.
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia.Anat Histol Embryol.2013 Jun 3. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12064. [Epub ahead of print]
This study describes the distribution of vimentin, desmin, smooth muscle actin (SMA) and laminin in the oviduct of the immature and mature Japanese quail. The cytoskeletal proteins vimentin, desmin and SMA have been shown to be involved in cellular support, differentiation, migration and contractili
PMID 23731061

Japanese Journal

血管内皮細胞のずり応力によるNO生成モデルの構築

大橋悠司,山崎陽一,神山斉己
生体医工学 52(Supplement), O-422-O-423, 2014
… However, the FMD response also includes information on the tunica media function. …
NAID 130004695854

Histological Study on the Left Common Iliac Vein Spur

Mitsuoka Hiroki,Ohta Takashi,Hayashi Shogo,Yokoi Toyoharu,Arima Takahiro,Asamoto Ken,Nakano Takashi
Annals of Vascular Diseases 7(3), 261-265, 2014
… Spurs were found in six cases of the 28 cadavers (21.4%) and they were classified into few different kinds of composition of endosporia, tunica media and adventitia. …
NAID 130004691180

Medial vascular calcification: a new concept challenging the classical paradigm of dystrophic calcification

Hasegawa Tomoka,Sasaki Muneteru,Liu Zhusheng,Yamada Tamaki,Yamamoto Tomomaya,Hongo Hiromi,Suzuki Reiko,Miyamoto Yukina,Yamamoto Tsuneyuki,de Freitas Paulo Henrique Luiz,Li Minqi,Amizuka Norio
北海道歯学雑誌 34(1), 2-10, 2013-09
… Instead of normal vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs）, the tunica media of the kl/kl aorta has cells rich with abundant endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, somewhat resembling osteoblasts. …
NAID 120005326784

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「中膜」「arterial media」「vascular media」
関連記事	「media」「med」

「中膜」

Tunica media
	Transverse section through a small artery and vein of the mucous membrane of the epiglottis of a child. (Tunica media is at 'm')
Details
Latin	tunica media vasorum
Identifiers
Gray's	p.498
MeSH	A02.633.570.491.800
Code	TH H3.09.02.0.01007
Dorlands; /Elsevier	t_22/12831907
TA	A12.0.00.019
FMA	55590
	Anatomical terminology