出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/07/16 14:48:12」(JST)
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Flexor retinaculum of the hand | |
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The mucous sheaths of the tendons on the front of the wrist and digits. (Transverse carpal ligament labeled at center.)
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Details | |
Latin | retinaculum musculorum flexorum manus (obsolete: ligamentum transversum carpi)[1] |
Identifiers | |
Gray's | p.456 |
Dorlands /Elsevier |
r_10/12706090 |
TA | A04.6.03.013 |
Anatomical terminology |
The flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament, or anterior annular ligament) is a strong, fibrous band of the hand that arches over the carpal bones. By covering the carpal bones if forms the carpal tunnel, through which the median nerve and tendons of muscles which flex the hand pass. On the ulnar side, the flexor retinaculum attaches to the pisiform bone and the hook of the hamate bone. On the radial side, it attaches to the tubercle of the scaphoid bone, and to the medial part of the palmar surface and the ridge of the trapezium bone.
The flexor retinaculum is continuous with the palmar carpal ligament, and deeper with the palmar aponeurosis. The ulnar artery and ulnar nerve, and the cutaneous branches of the median and ulnar nerves, pass on top of the flexor retinaculum.
At its lateral end is the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis, which lies in the groove on the greater multangular between the attachments of the ligament to the bone.
On its palmar surface the tendons of the palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris are partly attached; below, the short muscles of the thumb and little finger originate from the flexor retinaculum.
In carpal tunnel syndrome, one of the tendons in the carpal tunnel is inflammed and puts pressure on the other structures in the tunnel, including the median nerve. The tough flexor retinaculum, with limited ability to stretch, is unable to stretch to relieve such pressure. This results in the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome.[2]
Carpal tunnel syndrome may be treated surgically, although this is usually done after all non-surgical methods of treatment have been exhausted. In these surgeries, the flexor retinaculum is either simply severed or lengthened. When surgery is done to divide the flexor retinaculum, by far the more common procedure,[citation needed] scar tissue will eventually fill the gap left by surgery. The intent is that this will lengthen the flexor retinaculum enough to accommodate inflamed or damaged tendons and reduce the effects of compression on the median nerve. In a 2004 double blind-study, researchers concluded that there was no perceivable benefit gained from lengthening the flexor retinaculum during surgery and so division of the ligament remains the preferred method of surgery.[3]
This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
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リンク元 | 「横手根靭帯」 |
関連記事 | 「transverse」「carp」「carpal」 |
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