n.

大動脈などの狭窄、縮窄

関: coarctate

WordNet

(biology) a narrowing or constriction of a vessel or canal; especially a congenital narrowing of the aorta

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/06 13:25:15」(JST)

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A stenosis (/stəˈnoʊsɨs/;^[1]^[2] plural: stenoses, /stəˈnoʊˌsiːz/) (from Ancient Greek στένωσις, "narrowing") is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure. It is also sometimes called a stricture (as in urethral stricture).^[3] The term coarctation is a synonym,^[4] but is commonly used only in the context of aortic coarctation.

Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis after a procedure.

Diagnosis[edit]

Stenoses of the vascular type are often associated with unusual blood sounds resulting from turbulent flow over the narrowed blood vessel. This sound can be made audible by a stethoscope, but diagnosis is generally made or confirmed with some form of medical imaging.

Causes[edit]

atherosclerosis causes stenotic lesions in arteries.
birth defects
diabetes
iatrogenic, e.g. secondary to radiation therapy
infection
inflammation
ischemia
neoplasm – in such cases, the stenosis is often said to be "malignant" or "benign", although this attribute actually refers to the neoplasm itself.
smoking
ureteral
urethral

Types[edit]

The resulting syndrome depends on the structure affected.

Examples of vascular stenotic lesions include:

Intermittent claudication (peripheral artery stenosis)
Angina (coronary artery stenosis)
Carotid artery stenosis which predispose to (strokes and transient ischaemic episodes)
Renal artery stenosis

The types of stenoses in heart valves are:

Pulmonary valve stenosis, which is the thickening of the pulmonary valve, therefore causing narrowing
Mitral stenosis, which is the thickening of the mitral valve (of the left heart), therefore causing narrowing
Tricuspid valve stenosis, which is the thickening of the tricuspid valve (of the right heart), therefore causing narrowing
Aortic valve stenosis, which is the thickening of the aortic valve, therefore causing narrowing

Stenoses/strictures of other bodily structures/organs include:

Pyloric stenosis (gastric outflow obstruction)
Lumbar, cervical or thoracic spinal stenosis
Subglottic stenosis (SGS)
Tracheal stenosis
Obstructive jaundice (biliary tract stenosis)
Bowel obstruction
Phimosis
Non-communicating hydrocephalus
Stenosing tenosynovitis

References[edit]

Notes

^ OED 2nd edition, 1989, as /stɪˈnəʊsɪs/.
^ Entry "stenosis" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
^ "Dorlands Medical Dictionary:stenosis". www.mercksource.com. Retrieved 2010-05-05.
^ "coarctation" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

External links[edit]

Tracheal Stenosis Audio and Video

UpToDate Contents

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1. 大動脈縮窄症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta
2. 大動脈縮窄症のマネージメント management of coarctation of the aorta
3. 新生児におけるチアノーゼの心臓の原因 cardiac causes of cyanosis in the newborn
4. 成人における大動脈二尖弁の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of bicuspid aortic valve in adults
5. 二次性高血圧の評価 evaluation of secondary hypertension

English Journal

Computational fluid dynamics simulation to evaluate aortic coarctation gradient with contrast-enhanced CT.

Rinaudo A1, D'Ancona G, Baglini R, Amaducci A, Follis F, Pilato M, Pasta S.
Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.2015 Aug;18(10):1066-1071. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
Coarctation of aorta (CoA) is a narrowing of the aorta leading to a pressure gradient (ΔP) across the coarctation, increased afterload and reduced peripheral perfusion pressures. Indication to invasive treatment is based on values of maximal (systolic) trans-coarctation ΔP. A computational fluid d
PMID 24460213

MEIS2 involvement in cardiac development, cleft palate, and intellectual disability.

Louw JJ1, Corveleyn A, Jia Y, Hens G, Gewillig M, Devriendt K.
American journal of medical genetics. Part A.Am J Med Genet A.2015 May;167(5):1142-6. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36989. Epub 2015 Feb 25.
MEIS2 has been associated with cleft palate and cardiac septal defects as well as varying degrees of intellectual disability. We present a female patient with a more severe phenotype compared to previous reported patients. She has multiple congenital malformations; cleft palate and congenital heart
PMID 25712757

Sex ratios among infants with birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2009.

Michalski AM1, Richardson SD, Browne ML, Carmichael SL, Canfield MA, VanZutphen AR, Anderka MT, Marshall EG, Druschel CM.
American journal of medical genetics. Part A.Am J Med Genet A.2015 May;167(5):1071-81. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36865. Epub 2015 Feb 25.
A small number of population-based studies have examined sex differences among infants with birth defects. This study presents estimates of sex ratio for both isolated cases and those with multiple congenital anomalies, as well as by race/ethnicity. Male-female sex ratios and their 95% confidence in
PMID 25711982

Japanese Journal

症例大動脈縮窄症下行置換術後の遠隔期再狭窄の1例

江連雅彦,金子達夫,長谷川豊 [他]
胸部外科 = The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery 68(3), 229-232, 2015-03
NAID 40020369094

臨床経験大動脈縮窄症に合併したStanford B型急性大動脈解離

瀬名波栄信,上江洲徹,下地光好 [他]
胸部外科 = The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery 68(3), 184-187, 2015-03
NAID 40020368990

症例成人型先天性大動脈縮窄症の1例

工藤雅文,金田幸三,横山晋也 [他]
胸部外科 = The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery 68(2), 133-135, 2015-02
NAID 40020333782

「縮窄症」

Stenosis
	Classification and external resources
	; CT scan of a bronchial stenosis (arrow) that resulted from tracheobronchial injury
MeSH	D003251

　　[★]

英: coarctation
関: 仮性縮窄症、大動脈縮窄症

「simple coarctation」

　　[★] 単純型大動脈縮窄症

[1] OED 2nd edition, 1989, as /stɪˈnəʊsɪs/.

[2] Entry "stenosis" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.

[3] "Dorlands Medical Dictionary:stenosis". www.mercksource.com. Retrieved 2010-05-05.

[4] "coarctation" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary

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案内

案内

coarctation