second-rate

　

WordNet

1. a person of second-rate ability or value; "a team of aging second-raters"; "shone among the mediocrities who surrounded him" (同)mediocrity
2. transfer an employee to a different, temporary assignment; "The officer was seconded for duty overseas"
3. a 60th part of a minute of arc; "the treasure is 2 minutes and 45 seconds south of here" (同)arcsecond
4. 1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International dUnites (同)sec, s
5. following the first in an ordering or series; "he came in a close second"
6. a speech seconding a motion; "do I hear a second?" (同)secondment, endorsement, indorsement
7. the official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boxing match
8. coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude (同)2nd, 2d
9. give support or ones approval to; "Ill second that motion"; "I cant back this plan"; "endorse a new project" (同)back, endorse, indorse
10. in the second place; "second, we must consider the economy" (同)secondly
11. a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first; "second flute"; "the second violins"
12. be worthy of or have a certain rating; "This bond rates highly"
13. amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis; "a 10-minute phone call at that rate would cost $5" (同)charge per unit
14. a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit; "they traveled at a rate of 55 miles per hour"; "the rate of change was faster than expected"
15. a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure; "the literacy rate"; "the retention rate"; "the dropout rate"
16. assign a rank or rating to; "how would you rank these students?"; "The restaurant is rated highly in the food guide" (同)rank, range, order, grade, place
17. estimate the value of; "How would you rate his chances to become President?"; "Gold was rated highly among the Romans" (同)value
18. give (hair) the appearance of being fuller by using a rat
19. a pad (usually made of hair) worn as part of a womans coiffure
20. any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse
21. catch rats, especially with dogs
22. desert ones party or group of friends, for example, for ones personal advantage
23. employ scabs or strike breakers in
24. standing or position on a scale

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (質・程度が)『二流の』,月並みの;劣った,劣等の
2. 《通例the~》『第2の』,2番目(2度目)の《略》『2nd,sec.』) / 《A~+名で》『もう一つの』,別の / 一級(最上)のものに次ぐ,二流の / (自動車の変速機の)第2速の / 低音(声)部の,第2の / 〈C〉《the~》『2番目の人』(『物,事』) / 〈U〉《the~》(月の)『第2日』 / 〈C〉(ボクシングの)セコンド;(決闘などの)介添人;(一般に)援助者 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》二流品（ボタンが取れているなど、比較的小さな問題のある格安の服）・〈C〉〈U〉2度音程,第2音(声)部 / 〈U〉(自動車の変速機の)第2速,セカンド[ギア] / 《the~》《最上級の形容詞を伴って》第2に,2番目に / 第2位で,2等で / 〈提案・動議など〉‘に'賛成する,‘を'支持する / …‘を'援助する,後援する,激励する;(ボクシングで)…‘の'セコンドを務める
3. (時間・角度の)『秒』 / 《単数形で》『瞬間』(moment)
4. 〈C〉『割合』,『率』 / 〈C〉《the~,a~》『速度』(speed),進度 / 〈C〉『値段』,『相場』;料金 / 〈U〉等級(class),(…)等 / 《複数形ぃ》《英》地方税 / (…の金額に)…‘の'『値段を決める』,見積もる《+『名』+『at』+『名』》 / …‘を'『評価する』,みなす / 《米話》…‘に'値する,‘の'価値がある / 『評価される』;みなされる
5. …‘を'どなりつける
6. 『ネズミ』 / ひきょう者,裏切り者 / ネズミをつかまえる / 《話》(人を)裏切る,密告する《+『on』+『名』〈人〉》
7. 〈C〉〈U〉（品質・技量などによる）格づけ,評価 / 〈C〉（個人・会社の経済的な）信用度 / 〈C〉(トン・馬力による)(船舶・車)の等級 / 〈C〉(テレビ・ラジオの)視聴率
8. （食事の）お代わり（second helping）・欠陥のある格安の衣料

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/23 13:07:40」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

English second rate 1665

In the British Royal Navy, a second rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th century second rates had fewer guns and were originally two-deckers or had only partially armed third gun decks. The term in no way implied that they were of inferior quality. They were essentially smaller and hence cheaper versions of the three-decker first rates. Like the first rates, they fought in the line of battle, but unlike the first rates, which were considered too valuable to risk in distant stations, the second rates often served also in major overseas stations as flagships. They had a reputation for poor handling and slow sailing. They were popular as Flagships of admirals commanding the Windward and/or leeward islands station, which was usually a Rear Admiral of the Red.

Rating

Typically displacing around 2000 tons and carrying a crew of 750, the second rates by the second half of the 18th century carried 32-pounder guns on the gundeck, with 18-pounders instead of 24-pounders on the middle deck, and 12-pounders on the upper deck (rather than 18- or 24-pounders on first rates), although there were exceptions to this. Both first and second rates carried lighter guns (and, after 1780, carronades) on their forecastles and quarterdecks.

The three-decker second rate was mainly a British type, and was not built by other European navies to any great degree. Apart from its unhandiness, in terms of sheer firepower it was matched or even over matched by many of the large 80 gun and 74-gun two-deckers used by the French and Spanish navies instead. The additional deck did, however, give the second rate an advantage in close combat, and it had the further tactical advantage of sometimes being mistaken by the enemy for a first rate, which could possibly make enemy commanders reluctant to press an attack.

Term

The term "second-rate" has since passed into general usage as an adjective used to mean of suboptimal quality, inferior to something that is "first-rate".

Bibliography

• Bennett, G. The Battle of Trafalgar, Barnsley (2004). ISBN 1-84415-107-7.
• Rodger, N.A.M. The Command of the Ocean, a Naval History of Britain 1649-1815, London (2004). ISBN 0-7139-9411-8.
• Winfield, Rif, British Warships in the Age of Sail: 1603-1714, Barnsley (2009) ISBN 978-1-84832-040-6; British Warships in the Age of Sail: 1714-1792, Barnsley (2007) ISBN 978-1-84415-700-6; British Warships in the Age of Sail: 1793-1817, (2nd edition) Barnsley (2008). ISBN 978-1-84415-717-4.

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関連記事	「rate」「rat」「second」

「rate」

　　[★]

• n.

• (全体に対する部分などの割合を示す)率　　　⇔　(率を率で除すような比 ratioとは区別するでしょう)

• vi.

• 格付けされる、等級に分けられる
• 影響力がある、重要な地位にある

• vt.

• ～を値踏みする、～の価格を査定する
• (～の重要性や価値を)評価する
• (性能などによって)～を格付けする(等級に分ける)
• (金融)(不動産の)課税額を決める
• ～に値する、～の価値がある

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「rat」

　　[★]

• n.

• (げっ歯類)ラット、(マウスも含めての総称)ネズミ、ラットの

関

laboratory rat、mouse、Norway rat、Rattus、Rattus norvegicus

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「second」

　　[★]

• n.

• 秒、秒間

• adj.

• 第二の、二次の

関

quadratic、s、sec、second-order、secondary、secondly