WordNet

located at or near or behind a part or near the end of a structure
any of four pairs of muscles extending from the cervical vertebrae to the second rib; involved in moving the neck and in breathing (同)scalene_muscle, musculus scalenus

PrepTutorEJDIC

《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(生物学的に,位置が)後ろの,後部の / (時間・順序が)後の;(…より)後の《+『to』+『名』》(later) / しり(buttocks)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/04 03:35:59」(JST)

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The posterior scalene, also known as the scalenus posterior, the smallest and most deeply seated of the three scalene muscles, arises, by two or three separate tendons, from the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the lower two or three cervical vertebrae, and is inserted by a thin tendon into the outer surface of the second rib, behind the attachment of the anterior scalene.

It is occasionally blended with the middle scalene.

Additional images

Close up.
Still image.
Second rib.
Posterior scalene muscle
Scalenus posterior

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

External links

This muscle article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Fiber types of the anterior and lateral cervical muscles in elderly males.

Cornwall J1, Kennedy E.
European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society.Eur Spine J.2015 Feb 14. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: The anterior and lateral cervical muscles (ALCM) are generally considered to be postural, yet few studies have investigated ALCM fiber types to help clarify the function of these muscles. This study aimed to systematically investigate ALCM fiber types in cadavers.METHODS: Anterior and later
PMID 25681116

Thoracic outlet syndrome in a patient with absent scalenus anterior muscle.

Collins RM1, Bhana J, Patricios JS, Du Plessis A, Veller M, Schultz D, van Rensburg DC.
Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine.Clin J Sport Med.2014 May;24(3):268-70. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000006.
This case report describes the rare anomaly of an absent right anterior scalene muscle presenting with the symptoms and signs of the thoracic outlet syndrome. The thoracic outlet syndrome in our patient can be attributed to the absence of the right anterior scalene muscle, which resulted in the brac
PMID 24451700

A fatal neuromuscular disease in an adult patient after poliomyelitis in early childhood: consideration of the pathology of post-polio syndrome.

Kosaka T1, Kuroha Y, Tada M, Hasegawa A, Tani T, Matsubara N, Koike R, Toyoshima Y, Takahashi H.
Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology.Neuropathology.2013 Feb;33(1):93-101. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2012.01327.x. Epub 2012 Jun 4.
Post-polio syndrome (PPS) characterized by new neuromuscular problems can appear many years after acute poliomyelitis in polio survivors. We report a 77-year-old man with antecedent poliomyelitis who newly developed neuromuscular disease with a clinical course of 27 years, the final 10 years of whic
PMID 22672529

Japanese Journal

最上胸動脈, 典型的と思われる1例

村上慎一郎,松岡宏明,普山康弘,田口勇仁,大塚愛二,村上宅郎
岡山醫學會雜誌 113(1), 27-31, 2001-04-28
… A typical higest thoracic artery with anterior, posterior, ascending and descending branches was reported. … Discussion suggests that this artery, when developed, gives rise to the internal thoracic artery descening lateral to the scalenus anterior muscle, transverse cervical artery, descending scapular artery, lateral thoracic artery or subscapular artery. …
NAID 10012336303

Anterolateral Transforaminal Approach for a Large Cervical Dumbbell Neurinoma

山本勇夫,Sato Masazumi,Sato Hironobu,Yoshida Toshiyuki
脊髄外科 : 日本脊髄外科研究会機関誌 12(3), 253-261, 1998-11-30
… The generally accepted procedure for the removal of a large cervical dumbbell-shaped neurinoma is that a posterior approach is carried out first for the removal of the intraspinal tumor and then the remaining extraspinal tumor is explored through an anterior approach. … This step gives exposure of the extraspinal portion of the tumor as well as cervical nerves distal to the tumor just above the scalenus muscular groups. …
NAID 110002953407

「後斜角筋」

Posterior scalene
	Position of scalenus posterior (shown in red).
	The anterior vertebral muscles (scalenus posterior visible at bottom right).
Details
Latin	Musculus scalenus posterior
Origin	Transverse processes of C4, C5, C6 and c7
Insertion	Second rib
Artery	Ascending cervical artery and superficial cervical artery.
Nerve	C6, C7 and C8,
Actions	Elevate second rib, tilt the neck to the same side
Identifiers
Gray's	p.396
Dorlands; /Elsevier	m_22/12550663
TA	A04.2.01.006
FMA	13387
	Anatomical terms of muscle