WordNet
- of first rank or importance or value; direct and immediate rather than secondary; "primary goals"; "a primary effect"; "primary sources"; "a primary interest"
- a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen (同)primary_election
- one of the main flight feathers projecting along the outer edge of a birds wing (同)primary feather, primary quill
- (astronomy) a celestial body (especially a star) relative to other objects in orbit around it
- not derived from or reducible to something else; basic; "a primary instinct"
- any bundle of nerve fibers running to various organs and tissues of the body (同)nervus
- involving or derived from the senses; "sensory experience"; "sensory channels" (同)sensorial
- control of your emotions; "this kind of tension is not good for my nerves"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『第一の』,『主要な』 / 『初期の』,『初等の』,初級の / 『根本的な』,基本的な,本来の,直接的な / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(回路・コイル・巻き・電流などが)一次の / 原色(三原色の一つ) / 《米》=primary election
- 〈C〉『神経』 / 〈C〉《複数形で》『神経過敏』,いらだち / 〈U〉『勇気』,度胸(courage) / 〈U〉《時にa ~》厚かましさ,ずぶとさ;無礼 / 〈C〉葉脈;(昆虫の)翅脈(しみゃく) / 〈人,特に自分〉‘に'力を与える,‘を'元気づける
- 感覚の
- (光・温度・放射能などの)感知器
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 神経伝導検査の概要 overview of nerve conduction studies
- 2. 成人におけるギラン・バレー症候群の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of guillain barre syndrome in adults
- 3. 末梢神経疾患および筋疾患の鑑別診断 differential diagnosis of peripheral nerve and muscle disease
- 4. 原発性中枢神経系リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical presentation pathologic features and diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma
- 5. 臨床神経生理学 clinical neurophysiology
English Journal
- Differential content of vesicular glutamate transporters in subsets of vagal afferents projecting to the nucleus tractus solitarii in the rat.
- Hermes SM, Colbert JF, Aicher SA.Author information Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, 97239-3098.AbstractThe vagus nerve contains primary visceral afferents that convey sensory information from cardiovascular, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal tissues to the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). The heterogeneity of vagal afferents and their central terminals within the NTS is a common obstacle for evaluating functional groups of afferents. To determine whether different anterograde tracers can be used to identify distinct subpopulations of vagal afferents within NTS, we injected cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) and isolectin B4 (IB4) into the vagus nerve. Confocal analyses of medial NTS following injections of both CTb and IB4 into the same vagus nerve resulted in labeling of two exclusive populations of fibers. The ultrastructural patterns were also distinct. CTb was found in both myelinated and unmyelinated vagal axons and terminals in medial NTS, whereas IB4 was found only in unmyelinated afferents. Both tracers were observed in terminals with asymmetric synapses, suggesting excitatory transmission. Because glutamate is thought to be the neurotransmitter at this first primary afferent synapse in NTS, we determined whether vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) were differentially distributed among the two distinct populations of vagal afferents. Anterograde tracing from the vagus with CTb or IB4 was combined with immunohistochemistry for VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 in medial NTS and evaluated with confocal microscopy. CTb-labeled afferents contained primarily VGLUT2 (83%), whereas IB4-labeled afferents had low levels of vesicular transporters, VGLUT1 (5%) or VGLUT2 (21%). These findings suggest the possibility that glutamate release from unmyelinated vagal afferents may be regulated by a distinct, non-VGLUT, mechanism. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:642-653, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2014 Feb 15;522(3):642-53. doi: 10.1002/cne.23438.
- The vagus nerve contains primary visceral afferents that convey sensory information from cardiovascular, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal tissues to the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). The heterogeneity of vagal afferents and their central terminals within the NTS is a common obstacle for evaluating
- PMID 23897509
- Trophic factor and hormonal regulation of neurite outgrowth in sensory neuron-like 50B11 cells.
- Bhattacherjee A1, Liao Z1, Smith PG2.Author information 1Institute for Neurological Discoveries, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.2Institute for Neurological Discoveries, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. Electronic address: psmith@kumc.edu.AbstractSensory axon integrity and regenerative capacity are important considerations in understanding neuropathological conditions characterized by hyper- or insensitivity. However, our knowledge of mechanisms regulating axon outgrowth are limited by an absence of suitable high-throughput assay systems. The 50B11 cell line generated from rat embryonic dorsal root ganglion neurons offers a promising model for screening assays. Prior characterization shows that these cells express cytoskeletal proteins and genes encoding ion channels and neurotrophin receptors in common with sensory nociceptor neurons. In the present study we further characterized 50B11 cells in regard to their phenotypes and responsiveness to neurotrophic and hormonal factors. 50B11 cells express neuronal cytoplasmic proteins including beta-3 tubulin, peripherin (a marker of unmyelinated neurons), and the pan-neuronal ubiquitin hydrolase, PGP9.5. Only PGP9.5 immunoreactivity was uniformly distributed throughout soma and axons, and therefore presents the best means for visualizing the entire axon arbor. All cells co-express both NGF and GDNF receptors and addition of ligands increased neurite length. 50B11 cells also showed immunoreactivity for the estrogen receptor-α and the angiotensin receptor type II, and both 17-β estradiol and angiotensin II increased outgrowth by differentiated cells. 50B11 cells therefore show features reported previously for primary unmyelinated nociceptor neurons, including responsiveness to classical neurotrophins and hormonal modulators. Coupled with their ease of culture and predictable differentiation, 50B11 cells represent a promising cell line on which to base assays that more clearly reveal mechanisms regulating axon outgrowth and integrity.
- Neuroscience letters.Neurosci Lett.2014 Jan 13;558:120-5. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.11.018. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
- Sensory axon integrity and regenerative capacity are important considerations in understanding neuropathological conditions characterized by hyper- or insensitivity. However, our knowledge of mechanisms regulating axon outgrowth are limited by an absence of suitable high-throughput assay systems. Th
- PMID 24269872
- TRPA1: A Transducer and Amplifier of Pain and Inflammation.
- Koivisto A, Chapman H, Jalava N, Korjamo T, Saarnilehto M, Lindstedt K, Pertovaara A.Author information Orion Corporation, Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland.AbstractThe transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel on peripheral terminals of nociceptive primary afferent nerve fibres contributes to the transduction of noxious stimuli to electrical signals, while on central endings in the spinal dorsal horn, it amplifies transmission to spinal interneurons and projection neurons. The centrally propagating nociceptive signal that is induced and amplified by TRPA1 not only elicits pain sensation but also contributes to peripheral neurogenic inflammation through a peripheral axon reflex or a centrally mediated back propagating dorsal root reflex that releases vasoactive agents from sensory neurons in the periphery. Endogenous TRPA1 agonists that are generated under various pathophysiological conditions both in the periphery and in the spinal cord have TRPA1-mediated pro-nociceptive and pro-inflammatory effects. Among endogenous TRPA1 agonists that have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of pain and inflammatory conditions are, for example, methylglyoxal, 4-hydroxynonenal, 12-lipoxygenase-derived hepoxilin A3, 5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid and reactive oxygen species, while mustard oil and cinnamaldehyde are most commonly used exogenous TRPA1 agonists in experimental studies. Among selective TRPA1 antagonists are HC-030031, A-967079, AP-14 and Chembridge-5861528. Recent evidence indicates that TRPA1 plays a role also in transition of acute to chronic pain. Due to its location on a subpopulation of pain-mediating primary afferent nerve fibres, blocking the TRPA1 channel is expected to have antinociceptive, antiallodynic and anti-inflammatory effects.
- Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology.Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol.2014 Jan;114(1):50-5. doi: 10.1111/bcpt.12138. Epub 2013 Oct 7.
- The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel on peripheral terminals of nociceptive primary afferent nerve fibres contributes to the transduction of noxious stimuli to electrical signals, while on central endings in the spinal dorsal horn, it amplifies transmission to spinal intern
- PMID 24102997
Japanese Journal
- Nerve Growth Factor and the Physiology of Pain: Lessons from Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis
- Indo Yasuhiro,インドウ ヤスヒロ,犬童 康弘
- Clinical Genetics 82(4), 341-350, 2012-10
- … insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is an autosomal recessivegenetic disorder characterized by insensitivity to pain, anhidrosis (the inability to sweat)and mental retardation.Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a well-known neurotrophic factor essential for thesurvival and maintenance of NGF-dependent neurons, including primary afferentneurons with thin fibers and sympathetic postganglionic neurons, during development.NGF is also considered to be an inflammatory mediator associated with pain, itch andinflammation in …
- NAID 120004724836
- Roles of Glia, Immune Cells and the Thermo-TRP Channels, TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPM8, in Pathological Pain
- 樋浦 明夫,中川 弘,Hiura Akio,Nakagawa Hiroshi
- The Open Neuroscience Journal 6, 10-26, 2012
- … Numerous experimental studies have showed the release of cytokines and inflammatory neuropeptides from peripheral and central terminals of primary sensory neurons and from ac-tivated peripheral and central glia after nerve injury (crush, ligation or transection), which in turn act in a paracrine or autocrine manner. …
- NAID 120004059003
Related Links
- 1. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013 Mar 15;38(6):463-70. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318272fbf8. Upregulation of T-type Ca2+ channels in primary sensory neurons in spinal nerve injury. Yue J, Liu L, Liu Z, Shu B, Zhang Y. Department of ...
- 1. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2013 Jan;30(1):21-8. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e32835949ab. Sensitivities of rat primary sensory afferent nerves to magnesium: implications for differential nerve blocks. Vastani N, Seifert B, Spahn DR, Maurer K. ...
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★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「一次感覚神経」「一次知覚神経」「primary sensory neuron」 |
| 関連記事 | 「primary」「sensory」「nerve」「primary sensory」「sensor」 |
「一次感覚神経」
「一次知覚神経」
「primary sensory neuron」
「primary」
- adj.
- 一次の、第一次の、主要な、(化学)第一級の、一級の、初生の、(病名)原発性の、原発の、プライマリーの
「sensory」
- adj.
- 感覚性の、感覚の、知覚性の
「nerve」
- n.
「primary sensory」
- 一次感覚の、一次知覚の
「sensor」
- n.