膝窩動脈
WordNet
- a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
- a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel
- of or relating to the area behind the knee joint
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/12/17 20:58:14」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Popliteal artery |
|
The arteries of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions. (Popliteal labeled at bottom center.)
|
|
Lymph glands of popliteal fossa.
|
| Details |
| Source |
femoral artery |
| Branches |
anterior tibial, posterior tibial artery, sural, superior genicular (medial, lateral), middle genicular, inferior genicular (medial, lateral) |
| Vein |
popliteal vein |
| Identifiers |
| Latin |
arteria poplitea |
| MeSH |
A07.231.114.681 |
| TA |
A12.2.16.033 |
| FMA |
77155 |
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
|
The popliteal artery is a deeply placed continuation of the femoral artery after it passes through the adductor hiatus, or opening in the distal portion of the adductor magnus muscle. It courses through the popliteal fossa and ends at the lower border of the popliteus muscle, where it branches into the anterior and posterior tibial arteries.
The deepest (most anterior) structure in the fossa, the popliteal artery runs in close proximity to the joint capsule of the knee as it spans the intercondylar fossa. Five genicular branches of the popliteal artery supply the capsule and ligaments of the knee joint. The genicular arteries are the superior lateral, superior medial, middle, inferior lateral, and inferior medial genicular arteries. They participate in the formation of the periarticular genicular anastomosis, a network of vessels surrounding the knee that provides collateral circulation capable of maintaining blood supply to the leg during full knee flexion, which may kink the popliteal artery.[1]
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 1.1 Relations
- 1.2 Branches
- 1.3 Tibial-fibular trunk
- 2 Clinical significance
- 3 Additional images
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Structure
Relations
- Anteriorly: The popliteal surface of the femur, the knee joint, and the popliteus muscle.
- Posteriorly: The popliteal vein and the tibial nerve, fascia, and skin.
- Laterally: The biceps femoris and the lateral condyle of femur in upper part, and plantaris, lateral gastrocnemius in lower part.
- Medially: The semimembranosus and the medial condyle of femur in upper part, and tibial nerve, popliteal vein, medial head of gastrocnemius in lower part.
Branches
The branches of the popliteal artery are:
- anterior tibial artery
- posterior tibial artery
- sural artery
- medial superior genicular artery
- lateral superior genicular artery
- middle genicular artery
- lateral inferior genicular artery
- medial inferior genicular artery
Muscular branches of the popliteal artery supply the hamstring, gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles. The superior muscular branches of the popliteal artery have clinically important anastomoses with the terminal part of the deep femoral and gluteal arteries.
Tibial-fibular trunk
Main article: Tibial-fibular trunk
The fibular artery typically arises from the posterior tibial artery.[2] Therefore, the posterior tibial artery proximal to the fibular artery origin is sometimes called the tibial-peroneal trunk or tibial-fibular trunk and it could be said that the popliteal artery bifurcates into the tibial-fibular trunk and anterior tibial artery.
Clinical significance
- Popliteal pulse: Because the popliteal artery is deep, it may be difficult to feel the popliteal pulse. Palpation of this pulse is commonly performed with the person in the prone position with the knee flexed to relax the popliteal fascia and hamstrings. The pulsations are best felt in the inferior part of the fossa where the popliteal artery is related to the tibia. Weakening or loss of the popliteal pulse is a sign of a femoral artery obstruction.
- Popliteal aneurysm and hemorrhage: A popliteal aneurysm (abnormal dilation of all or part of the popliteal artery) usually causes edema and pain in the popliteal fossa. A popliteal aneurysm may be distinguished from other masses by palpable pulsations (thrills) and abnormal arterial sounds (bruits) detectable with a stethoscope. Because the artery lies deep to the tibial nerve, an aneurysm may stretch the nerve or compress its blood supply (see vasa vasorum). Pain from such nerve compression is usually referred, in this case to the skin overlying the medial aspect of the calf, ankle or foot. Because the artery is closely applied to the popliteal surface of the femur and the joint capsule, fractures of the distal femur or dislocations of the knee may rupture the artery, resulting in hemorrhage. Furthermore, because of their proximity and confinement within the fossa, an injury of the artery and vein may result in an arteriovenous fistula (communication between an artery and a vein). Failure to recognize these occurrences and to act promptly may result in the loss of the leg and foot. If the femoral artery must be ligated, blood can bypass the occlusion through the genicular anastomosis and reach the popliteal artery distal to the ligation.[3]
- Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome
Additional images
-
-
The popliteal, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries.
-
Muscles of thigh. Lateral view.
See also
This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see Anatomical terminology.
- Popliteal fossa
- Anastamosis
References
- ^ Moore K.L. and Dalley A.F. (2006), Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 5th Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Toronto, page 636
- ^ Day C, Orme R (2006). "Popliteal artery branching patterns -- an angiographic study". Clin Radiol. 61 (8): 696–9. doi:10.1016/j.crad.2006.03.014. PMID 16843754.
- ^ Moore K.L. and Dalley A.F. (2006), Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 5th Edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Toronto, page 637
External links
- Anatomy figure: 12:04-10 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Arteries of the lower extremity shown in association with major landmarks."
- Image at umich.edu - pulse
|
Arteries of the human leg
|
|
| Inferior epigastric |
- cremasteric ♂ / round ligament ♀
|
|
| Deep circumflex iliac |
|
|
| Femoral |
| In femoral canal |
- superficial epigastric
- superficial circumflex iliac
- superficial external pudendal
- deep external pudendal
|
|
| Descending genicular |
- saphenous branch
- articular branches
|
|
| Profunda femoris |
- medial circumflex femoral
- ascending
- descending
- superficial
- deep
- acetabular
- lateral circumflex femoral
- descending
- transverse
- ascending
- perforating
- Cruciate anastomosis
- Trochanteric anastomosis
|
|
|
| Popliteal |
| Genicular |
- superior genicular (medial, lateral)
- middle genicular
- inferior genicular (medial, lateral)
|
|
| Sural |
|
|
| Anterior tibial |
- tibial recurrent
- anterior)
- anterior malleolar
- dorsalis pedis: tarsal (medial, lateral)
|
|
| Tibial-fibular (Tibial-peroneal) trunk |
- Posterior tibial
- circumflex fibular
- medial plantar
- lateral plantar
- fibular (peroneal)
|
|
| Arches |
- arcuate
- dorsal metatarsal
- first dorsal metatarsal
- deep plantar
- dorsal digital arteries
- plantar arch
- plantar metatarsal
- common plantar digital
- proper plantar digital
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
- 1. 下肢末梢動脈疾患の分類 classification of lower extremity peripheral artery disease
- 2. 下肢末梢動脈疾患の臨床的特徴および診断 clinical features and diagnosis of lower extremity peripheral artery disease
- 3. 膝窩動脈瘤 popliteal artery aneurysm
- 4. 膝窩動脈瘤の手術および血管内修復 surgical and endovascular repair of popliteal artery aneurysm
- 5. 後十字靱帯損傷 posterior cruciate ligament injury
English Journal
- PFO and paradoxical embolism producing events other than stroke.
- Dao CN, Tobis JM.SourceDepartment of Medicine, Cardiology Division, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
- Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions.2011 May 1;77(6):903-9. doi: 10.1002/ccd.22884. Epub 2011 Mar 16.
- Background: A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a risk factor for cerebral events such as cryptogenic stroke, transient ischemic attacks, and migraine headaches. Far less commonly, PFO is associated with non-cerebral, paradoxical systemic embolic events such as myocardial infarction (MI), renal infarct,
- PMID 21207422
- The Use of the CUSUM Chart Method for Surveillance of Learning Effects and Quality of Care in Endovascular Procedures.
- Calsina L, Clara A, Vidal-Barraquer F.SourceVascular Surgery Department, Hospital Del Mar, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery.2011 May;41(5):679-84. Epub 2011 Feb 17.
- PMID 21333562
Japanese Journal
- 症例 鈍的膝窩動脈損傷に対しcomposite graftによる血行再建を行い救肢し得た1例
- 臨床室 右膝窩動脈捕捉症候群に対して腓腹筋内側頭移行術を施行した1例
Related Links
- Popliteal artery occlusive disease is a common occurrence, especially in elderly patients, smokers, and those with diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular diseases. Each year, more than 100,000 peripheral arterial ...
- Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is an important albeit infrequent cause of serious disability among young adults and athletes with anomalous anatomic relationships between the popliteal artery and surrounding ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- popliteal artery (M,Z)
- ラ
- arteria poplitea
起始
走行
分布
枝
Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.
Henry Gray (1825-1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918.
[★]
膝窩動脈絞扼症候群
[★]
- 関
- pople、popliteal fossa、popliteus
