WordNet

a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"
a defense that claims the defendant would not have broken the law if not tricked into doing it by law enforcement officials
a major thoroughfare that bears important traffic
a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body (同)arteria, arterial blood vessel
of or relating to the area behind the knee joint

PrepTutorEJDIC

(疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態
わなにかけること,陥れること
動脈 / (道路・水路・鉄道などの)勘線,(通信の)主チャンネル

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/09 02:31:38」(JST)

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Normal course of the popliteal artery at the back of the knee

The popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is a rather uncommon pathology, which results into claudication and chronic leg ischemia. The popliteal artery may be compressed behind the knee, due to congenital deformity of the muscles or tendon insertions of the popliteal fossa. This repetitive trauma may result in stenotic artery degeneration, complete artery occlusion or even formation of an aneurysm.

History

The syndrome was first described in 1879 by Anderson Stuart, a medical student, in a 64-year-old male. Hamming and Vink in 1959 first described the management of the popliteal artery syndrome in a 12-year-old patient. The patient was treated with myotomy of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and concomitant endarterectomy of the popliteal artery. They later reported four more cases and claimed that the incidence of this pathology in patients younger than 30 years old with claudication was 40%. Servello was the first to draw attention to diminished distal pulses observed with forced plantar- or dorsiflexion in patients suffering from this syndrome. Bouhoutsos and Daskalakis in 1981 reported 45 cases of this syndrome in a population of 20,000 Greek soldiers. During the recent years the increasing frequency with which popliteal artery entrapment is reported, strongly suggests a greater awareness of the syndrome.

Classification

Love and Whelan proposed a classification of this pathology into four types,^[1] according to the various relationships between the popliteal artery and the muscles of the popliteal space. Rich and Hughes described popliteal vein compression,^{[citation needed]} thus adding a fifth type into the former classification. The functional type of the popliteal vessel compression was first described by Rignault et al. in 1985^{[citation needed]} and labeled by Levien as type VI of the popliteal vessels entrapment syndrome.

Differential diagnosis

Exercise induced lower leg pain includes chronic exertional compartment syndrome,^[2] unresolved muscle strain (this classically occurs at the musculotendinous junction of the medial head of gastrocnemius), medial tibia stress syndrome, fibular and tibial stress fractures, fascial defects, nerve entrapment syndrome, vascular claudication (atherosclerotic or popliteal artery entrapment syndrome) and referred pain from lumbar disc herniation.^[3]

References

^ Love J, Whelan T (1965). "Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome". Am J Surg 109 (5): 620–4. doi:10.1016/S0002-9610(65)80016-2. PMID 14281885.
^ Bong MR, Polatsch DB, Jazrawi LM et al.. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome: diagnosis and management.Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 2005;62(3-4):77-84.
^ Locke S. Exercise related chronic lower leg pain. Aust Fam Physician 1999; 28:569–573.

External links

Surgical Rounds - N. Saratzis, A. Saratzis. Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome. Surgical Rounds. January 2006. Cover article.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 慢性労作性コンパートメント症候群 chronic exertional compartment syndrome
2. 膝窩動脈瘤 popliteal artery aneurysm
3. 下肢末梢動脈疾患の臨床的特徴、診断、および自然史 clinical features diagnosis and natural history of lower extremity peripheral artery disease
4. 膝窩（ベーカー）嚢腫 popliteal bakers cyst
5. 血管内腹部大動脈修復術の合併症 complications of endovascular abdominal aortic repair

English Journal

Dynamic computed tomography angiography: role in the evaluation of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.

Anil G, Tay KH, Howe TC, Tan BS.SourceInterventional Radiology Centre, Department of Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. ivyanil10@gmail.com
Cardiovascular and interventional radiology." abstractLink="yes" alsec="jour" alterm="Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol.2011 Apr;34(2):259-70. Epub 2010 Jun 29.
This study reviews our experience with dynamic computed tomographic angiography (CTA) as an imaging modality in the evaluation of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). Eight patients with surgically proven PAES were included in this study. Dynamic CTA studies performed with the feet in neutra
PMID 20585781

True celiac artery aneurysm secondary to median arcuate ligament syndrome.

Jimenez JC, Rafidi F, Morris L.SourceDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA. jcjimene@gmail.com
Vascular and endovascular surgery." abstractLink="yes" alsec="jour" alterm="Vasc Endovascular Surg.2011 Apr;45(3):288-9.
Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare disorder associated with chronic, postprandial abdominal pain and radiographic evidence of celiac artery compression. True arterial aneurysms distal to sites of chronic vascular compression due to post-stenotic dilatation have been described in other
PMID 21478249

Japanese Journal

臨床室動脈瘤を合併した膝窩動脈捕捉症候群の1例

後藤久貴,小関弘展,熊谷謙治 [他]
整形外科 60(6), 545-548, 2009-06
NAID 40016685649

64列MDCTが診断に有効であった膝窩動脈捕捉症候群の1例

木内竜太,池田真浩
日本血管外科学会雑誌 = The Japanese journal of vascular surgery : official journal of the Japanese Society for Vascular Surgery 17(7), 659-662, 2008-12-25
NAID 10023972483