WordNet

the condition of being unable or unwilling to speak; "her muteness was a consequence of her deafness" (同)muteness
congenital deafness that results in inability to speak (同)deaf-muteness

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/27 12:02:55」(JST)

wiki en

Muteness or mutism (from Latin mutus, meaning "silent") is an inability to speak caused by a speech disorder.

Causes

Those who are physically mute may have problems with the parts of the human body required for human speech (the throat, vocal cords, lungs, mouth, or tongue, etc.). Being mute is often associated with deafness as people who have been unable to hear from birth may not be able to articulate words correctly (see deaf-mute), but muteness describes people who can hear but cannot talk. Other causes include intellectual disability and autism. A person can be born mute, or become mute later in life due to injury or disease. The prevalence of mutism from all causes is on the order of 8 persons per 10000.^{[citation needed]}

Trauma or injury to the Broca's area of the brain can cause muteness.^{[citation needed]}

Variations

Selective mutism is a disorder related to social anxiety in which people are unable to speak in specific anxiety-producing situations but speak fluently in more comfortable situations.

Hearing mutism is an obsolete term used in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century for specific language impairment.^[1]

Akinetic mutism is inability to speak (mutism) and move (akinesia). It is the result of severe frontal lobe injury in which the pattern of inhibitory control is one of increasing passivity and gradually decreasing speech and motion.

Management

Some mute patients have adapted to their disability by using machines that vibrate their vocal cords, allowing them to speak. Others learn sign language to communicate.

Computers also facilitate communication, both with smart phones and the Internet. Many augmentative and alternative communication devices exist to allow people to communicate; these include "text-to-speech" devices and/or software programs, which turns typed text into electronic vocalizations, enabling the mute and the speech-impaired to "speak".

References

^ Page 6 in: Leonard, Laurence B. (1998). Children with specific language impairment. Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-62136-3.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 失語症患者へのアプローチ approach to the patient with aphasia
2. 小児および思春期における不安障害：疫学、病因、臨床症状、および経過 anxiety disorders in children and adolescents epidemiology pathogenesis clinical manifestations and course
3. 成人における緊張病：疫学、臨床的特徴、評価、および診断 catatonia in adults epidemiology clinical features assessment and diagnosis
4. 小児における不安障害：評価および診断 anxiety disorders in children assessment and diagnosis
5. PHACE syndrome

English Journal

Preoperative Presentation of a Variant of Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome in a Young Boy With Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma.

Chen DY1, Aristizabal P2, Crawford JR3.
Pediatric neurology.Pediatr Neurol.2015 Sep;53(3):266-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2015.06.001. Epub 2015 Jun 9.
PMID 26145481

Symptom profile and short term outcome of catatonia: an exploratory clinical study.

Worku B1, Fekadu A2,3.
BMC psychiatry.BMC Psychiatry.2015 Jul 22;15:164. doi: 10.1186/s12888-015-0554-2.
BACKGROUND: Catatonia is a potentially life-threatening but treatable neuropsychiatric condition. Although considered more common in low income countries, data is particularly sparse in these settings. In this study we explore the symptomatology, treatment, and short-term outcome of catatonia in Eth
PMID 26198581

Postoperative posterior fossa syndrome: unraveling the etiology and underlying pathophysiology by using magnetic resonance imaging.

Patay Z1.
Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery.Childs Nerv Syst.2015 Jul 5. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Posterior fossa syndrome (PFS) is a severe, postoperative complication occurring in about 25 % of pediatric patients undergoing surgery for midline tumors in the posterior fossa. In recent years, MRI-based research elucidated the cause of PFS and shed new light on its putative pathophys
PMID 26143277

Japanese Journal

研修症例情緒に関する言葉を持たない女児の治療

精神分析研究 = The Japanese journal of psycho-analysis 60(2), 219-223, 2016-04
NAID 40020854371

選択性緘黙児における状態像の違いが介入効果に及ぼす影響に関する文献的検討 : 1990年以降の個別事例研究を中心に

発達障害研究 : 日本発達障害学会機関誌 38(1), 100-110, 2016-02
NAID 40020827997

頸椎前方固定プレート除去術が契機となって発症した内頸動脈解離の1 例

脳卒中 38(3), 168-172, 2016
NAID 130005153301

Related Pictures

Is Your Child Too Quiet? It May Be Selective Mutism Treatment for Selective Mutism | Sydney Psychologists What Is Selective Mutism? Mutism; Selective Mutism; Kussmaul Aphasia How To Parent A Child With Selective Mutism - Simplemost Selective Mutism | Psych Pedia BPS Research Digest: The experiences of adults with