出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/11/04 10:49:55」(JST)
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A mitogen is a chemical substance that encourages a cell to commence cell division, triggering mitosis. A mitogen is usually some form of a protein.
Mitogenesis is the induction (triggering) of mitosis, typically via a mitogen.
Mitogens trigger signal transduction pathways in which mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is involved, leading to mitosis.
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B cells can enter mitosis when they encounter an antigen matching their immunoglobulin.
Mitogens are often used to stimulate lymphocytes and therefore assess immune function.
The most commonly used mitogens in clinical laboratory medicine are:
Name | Acts upon T cells? | Acts upon B cells? |
phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) | yes | no |
concanavalin A (conA) | yes | no |
lipopolysaccharide (LPS) | no | yes |
pokeweed mitogen (PWM) | yes | yes |
Lipopolysaccharide toxin from gram-negative bacteria is thymus-independent. They may directly activate B cells, regardless of their antigenic specificity.
Plasma cells are terminally [[Cellular differentiation|] and, therefore, cannot undergo mitosis. Memory B cells can proliferate to produce more memory cells or plasma B cells. This is how the mitogen works, that is, by inducing mitosis in memory B cells to cause them to divide, with some becoming plasma cells.
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 mediates the major growth-promoting effect of Human Growth Hormone as a paracrine agent at growth plates in the skeletal system. another example for mitogen agent is G-CSF.
Mitogens also induce the activity of the PTGS2 enzyme.
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リンク元 | 「マイトジェン」「bFGF」「有糸分裂」「mitogenic factor」 |
拡張検索 | 「mitogen-activated protein kinase 1」「mitogen-activated protein」「mitogen-activated protein kinase 13」 |
-mitosis