mitogen

マイトジェン 　

WordNet

1. an agent that triggers mitosis

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/11/04 10:49:55」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

See also: Growth Factor

A mitogen is a chemical substance that encourages a cell to commence cell division, triggering mitosis. A mitogen is usually some form of a protein.

Mitogenesis is the induction (triggering) of mitosis, typically via a mitogen.

Mitogens trigger signal transduction pathways in which mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is involved, leading to mitosis.

Use in immunology

B cells can enter mitosis when they encounter an antigen matching their immunoglobulin.

Mitogens are often used to stimulate lymphocytes and therefore assess immune function.

The most commonly used mitogens in clinical laboratory medicine are:

Name	Acts upon T cells?	Acts upon B cells?
phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)	yes	no
concanavalin A (conA)	yes	no
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)	no	yes
pokeweed mitogen (PWM)	yes	yes

Lipopolysaccharide toxin from gram-negative bacteria is thymus-independent. They may directly activate B cells, regardless of their antigenic specificity.

Plasma cells are terminally [[Cellular differentiation|] and, therefore, cannot undergo mitosis. Memory B cells can proliferate to produce more memory cells or plasma B cells. This is how the mitogen works, that is, by inducing mitosis in memory B cells to cause them to divide, with some becoming plasma cells.

Mitogens in human physiology

Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 mediates the major growth-promoting effect of Human Growth Hormone as a paracrine agent at growth plates in the skeletal system. another example for mitogen agent is G-CSF.

Other uses

Mitogens also induce the activity of the PTGS2 enzyme.

External links

• Mitogens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• Mitogen at eMedicine Dictionary

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 免疫系の臨床検査評価 laboratory evaluation of the immune system
• 2. 同種造血細胞移植後の免疫再構築のための戦略 strategies for immune reconstitution following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
• 3. 進行非小細胞肺癌に対する遺伝子型による個別治療 personalized genotype directed therapy for advanced non small cell lung cancer
• 4. ケラトアカントーマ：疫学、危険因子、および診断 keratoacanthoma epidemiology risk factors and diagnosis
• 5. 上皮成長因子受容体（EGFR）阻害剤投与に続発するざ瘡様発疹 acneiform eruption secondary to epidermal growth factor egfr inhibitors

English Journal

• TGF Beta Signaling and Its Role in Glioma Pathogenesis.

• Kaminska B, Kocyk M, Kijewska M.SourceLaboratory of Transcription Regulation, Department of Cell Biology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur St., PL 02-093, Warsaw, Poland, bozenakk@nencki.gov.pl.
• Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;986:171-87.
• Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling is involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and survival/or apoptosis of many cells, including glioma cells. TGF-β acts via specific receptors activating multiple intracellular pathways resulting in phosphorylation of receptor-r
• PMID 22879069

• Expression of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen-4 in T Cells from Children with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

• Kucharska AM, Gorska E, Wasik M, Demkow U.SourceDepartment of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Marszalkowska 24 St, 00-756, Warsaw, Poland, anna.kucharska@litewska.edu.pl.
• Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;756:163-8.
• The cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) (CD152) is a basic negative regulatory molecule of T cell activation and its hypo-function is associated with severe lymphoproliferative syndrome. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the intracellular and surface expression of CTLA-4 on peripher
• PMID 22836632

Japanese Journal

• The Regulation of the Expression of ABCG2 Gene through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in Canine Lymphoid Tumor Cell Lines

• TOMIYASU Hirotaka,GOTO-KOSHINO Yuko,FUJINO Yasuhito [他]
• The journal of veterinary medical science 76(2), 237-242, 2014-02
• NAID 40019993297

• Nobiletin Suppresses MMP-9 Expression through Modulation of p38 MAPK Activity in Human Dermal Fibrobalsts

• Kim Jin-Ju,Korm Sovannarith,Kim Won-Seok [他]
• Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 37(1), 158-163, 2014-01
• NAID 40019938894

• The Regulation of the Expression of ABCG2 Gene through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways in Canine Lymphoid Tumor Cell Lines

• TOMIYASU Hirotaka,GOTO-KOSHINO Yuko,FUJINO Yasuhito,OHNO Koichi,TSUJIMOTO Hajime
• Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2014
• Treatments for canine lymphoma often fail because tumor cells acquire multidrug resistance (MDR). MDR can develop through several mechanisms, among which the overexpression of drug transporters in tum …
• NAID 130003382366

Related Links

• mitogen - definition of mitogen by Medical dictionary

mitogen /mi·to·gen/ (mīt″o-jen) a substance that induces mitosis and cell tranformation, especially lymphocyte transformation.mitogen?ic mi·to·gen (mī′tə-jən) n. An agent that stimulates mitosis and lymphocyte transformation. mi′to ...

• Mitogenとは - goo Wikipedia (ウィキペディア)

Mitogenとは？goo Wikipedia (ウィキペディア) 。出典：Wikipedia（ウィキペディア）フリー百科事典。 Mitogenとは - goo Wikipedia (ウィキペディア) gooトップ サイトマップ スタートページに設定 RSS ヘルプ メニューへスキップ 本文へ メール ...

Related Pictures

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「マイトジェン」「bFGF」「有糸分裂」「mitogenic factor」
拡張検索	「mitogen-activated protein kinase 1」「mitogen-activated protein」「mitogen-activated protein kinase 13」

「マイトジェン」

　　[★]

英

mitogen

同

有糸分裂促進剤、分裂促進因子 mitogenic factor

• T cell mitogen

• フィトヘマグルチニン phytohemagglutinin
• pokeweed mitogen
• コンカナバリンA concanavalin A
• 抗CD3抗体

• B cell mitogen

• Staphylococcus aureus CowanI(SAC)
• EBウイルス
• リポ多糖

LAB.783

• T細胞：特異抗原、抗T細胞抗原レセプター抗体、抗CD3抗体、PHA、ConA、スーパー抗原、フォールボールエステル(PMAなど)
• B細胞：抗IgM抗体、Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I(SAC)、プロテインA
• T/B細胞：PWM

「bFGF」

　　[★]

英

basic FGF, basic fibroblast growth factor

同

FGF-2 塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子

関

FGF fibroblast growth factor

• 癌における血管新生に関与している (同：VEGF。対：angiostatin, endostatin, vasculostatin)
• 細胞間マトリックスに蓄えらているbFGFはプロテアーゼによって放出される (BPT.201)
• mitogenである：mesenchymall, neural, and epithelial organ

「有糸分裂」

　　[★]

英

mitosis

同

間接分裂 indirect division、核動 karyokinesis

関

細胞分裂、細胞質分裂、mitogen

-mitosis

「mitogenic factor」

　　[★]

• 分裂促進因子

関

mitogen

「mitogen-activated protein kinase 1」

　　[★]

マイトジェン活性化プロテインキナーゼ1、MAPキナーゼ1

関

extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2

「mitogen-activated protein」

　　[★]

• マイトジェン活性化タンパク質、分裂促進因子活性化タンパク質

関

MAP

「mitogen-activated protein kinase 13」

　　[★]

マイトジェン活性化プロテインキナーゼ13