関: antisera、immune sera

WordNet

secure against; "immune from taxation as long as he resided in Bermuda"; "immune from criminal prosecution"
a person who is immune to a particular infection
relating to or conferring immunity (to disease or infection) (同)resistant
(usually followed by `to'
relating to the condition of immunity; "the immune system"
an amber, watery fluid, rich in proteins, that separates out when blood coagulates (同)blood_serum

PrepTutorEJDIC

免疫の / 《補語にのみ用いて》(影響・攻撃・義務・税などを)免れている《+『against』(『from, to』)+『名』》
リンパ液 / 血清
serial / series / sermon

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/22 15:21:30」(JST)

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Antiserum (plural: antisera) is blood serum containing polyclonal antibodies and is used to pass on passive immunity to many diseases. Passive antibody transfusion from a previous human survivor used to be the only known effective treatment for Ebola infection (but with little success rate).^[1]

Antisera are widely used in diagnostic virology laboratories. The most common use of antiserum in humans is as antitoxin or antivenom, to treat envenomation.

How it works

Antibodies in the antiserum bind the infectious agent or antigen.^[2] The immune system then recognizes foreign agents bound to antibodies and triggers a more robust immune response. The use of antiserum is particularly effective against pathogens which are capable of evading the immune system in the unstimulated state but which are not robust enough to evade the stimulated immune system. The existence of antibodies to the agent therefore depends on an initial "lucky survivor" whose immune system by chance discovered a counteragent to the pathogen, or a "host species" which carries the pathogen, but does not suffer from its effects.^[3] Further stocks of antiserum can then be produced from the initial donor or from a donor organism that is inoculated with the pathogen and cured by some stock of preexisting antiserum. Diluted snake venom is often used as an antiserum to give a passive immunity to the snake bite itself.^[4]^[5]

References

^ Mupapa, K; Massamba, M; Kibadi, K; Kuvula, K; Bwaka, A; Kipasa, M; Colebunders, R; Muyembe-Tamfum, JJ (1999). "Treatment of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever with Blood Transfusions from Convalescent Patients (suppl 1)". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 179 Suppl 1 (Volume 179): S18–S23. doi:10.1086/514298. PMID 9988160. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
^ de Andrade, Fábio Goulart, et al. "The Production And Characterization Of Anti-Bothropic And Anti-Crotalic Igy Antibodies In Laying Hens: A Long Term Experiment." Toxicon 66.(2013): 18-24. Academic Search Complete. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
^ Mortimer, Nathan T., et al. "Parasitoid Wasp Venom SERCA Regulates Drosophila Calcium Levels And Inhibits Cellular Immunity." Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 110.23 (n.d.): 9427-9432. Biological Abstracts 1969 - Present. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
^ O'Leary, M.A., K. Maduwage, and G.K. Isbister. "Use Of Immunoturbidimetry To Detect Venom–Antivenom Binding Using Snake Venoms." Journal Of Pharmacological & Toxicological Methods 67.3 (2013): 177-181. Academic Search Complete. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.
^ Vogel, Carl-Wilhelm, Paul W. Finnegan, and David C. Fritzinger. "Humanized Cobra Venom Factor: Structure, Activity, And Therapeutic Efficacy In Preclinical Disease Models." Molecular Immunology 61.2 (2014): 191-203. Academic Search Complete. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

External links

Antisera at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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UpToDate Contents

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1. 免疫系の臨床検査評価 laboratory evaluation of the immune system
2. 免疫不全症の内科的マネージメント medical management of immunodeficiency
3. 免疫グロブリン静脈内投与（IVIG）療法の概要 overview of intravenous immune globulin ivig therapy
4. 血清病および血清病様反応 serum sickness and serum sickness like reactions
5. 皮下投与および筋肉内投与による免疫グロブリン療法 subcutaneous and intramuscular immune globulin therapy

English Journal

Procalcitonin sensitive detection based on graphene-gold nanocomposite film sensor platform and single-walled carbon nanohorns/hollow Pt chains complex as signal tags.

Liu F1, Xiang G1, Yuan R2, Chen X3, Luo F1, Jiang D1, Huang S1, Li Y1, Pu X4.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2014 Oct 15;60:210-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.03.071. Epub 2014 Apr 24.
Septicemia is a serious disease that requires early diagnosis, and procalcitonin (PCT) serves as a diagnostic biomarker for this disease. Traditional clinical detection (via immune-gold chips) remains difficult and expensive. An electrochemical immunosensor based on new nanomaterials may provide a s
PMID 24813909

Potentiation of pH-sensitive polymer-modified liposomes with cationic lipid inclusion as antigen delivery carriers for cancer immunotherapy.

Yoshizaki Y1, Yuba E1, Sakaguchi N2, Koiwai K2, Harada A1, Kono K3.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2014 Sep;35(28):8186-96. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.05.077. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
Cationic lipid-incorporated liposomes modified with pH-sensitive polymers were prepared by introducing 3, 5-didodecyloxybenzamidine as a cationic lipid to egg yolk phosphatidylcholine liposomes modified with 3-methylglutarylated hyperbranched poly(glycidol) (MGlu-HPG) as a pH-sensitive polymer. Thes
PMID 24969637

Adenoviral vectors coated with cationic PEG derivatives for intravaginal vaccination against HIV-1.

Xie Z1, Ji Z1, Zhang Z1, Gong T1, Sun X2.
Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2014 Sep;35(27):7896-908. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.05.056. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
Mucus layer coating the vaginal epithelium represents a barrier for intravaginally delivered recombined adenoviral (rAd) vectors, but it could be overcome by proper polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification. Here we synthesized two cationic PEG derivatives, amino-(EO)n/(AGE)m-Cyss (APCs). The polymers
PMID 24929620

Japanese Journal

膜性腎症症例の中で超微形態にて糸球体基底膜にうねりを示す20例の臨床病理学的検討

Suzuki Tsukasa,Maeda Masayuki,Yoshimoto Taichiro,Fukushima1 Noriyoshi
自治医科大学紀要 = Jichi Medical University Journal 37, 11-18, 2015-03
… p = 0.009）, and serum complement levelstended to be higher than those in the control group.Conclusion：In our study, the pathogenesis of GBM undulation was not determined. … Nevertheless, theseresults indicate that diverse immune responses, in addition to the complement system, may be involveddifferently from usual cases of MN. …
NAID 120005610097

Proteomic profiling of antigens in circulating immune complexes associated with each of seven autoimmune diseases

Ohyama Kaname,Baba Miyako,Tamai Mami,Aibara Nozomi,Ichinose Kunihiro,Kishikawa Naoya,Kawakami Atsushi,Kuroda Naotaka
Clinical Biochemistry 48(3), 181-185, 2015-02
… Objective: Immune complexes (ICs) trigger humoral immune responses. …
NAID 120005553907

Induction of non-specific suppression in chicks by specific combination of maternal antibody and related antigen

, ,
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science advpub(0), 2015
… Specific immune suppression in newly hatched chicks induced by specific maternal antibodies has been reported. … Concentrations of anti-DNP antibodies in serum samples of these chicks were measured by using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). …
NAID 130005074225